Nutritional Contribution of Home Gardens in Rural Areas of South Sumatra, Indonesia

Based on their land physical conditions, house yards in rural areas of South Sumatra can be classified into six major types. Home garden models for each type of house yard had been developed. The objective of this study was to evaluate contributions of the applied models in fulfilling nutritional requirements of rural families in South Sumatra. Results of the study indicated that home gardens could contribute only <12% of protein, <10% of minerals, and <25% of vitamin B required by the families. However, of 40 villages studied, ≈20% and 34% of the families could fully received their vitamins A and C, respectively, by consuming crops produced at home gardens. Low contribution of home gardens on protein, minerals, and vitamin B was mainly related to small acreage, low fertility status of the land, and kind of crops grown. Major sources of vitamins A and C were fruits and vegetables.

Download Full-text

Enough to Feed Ourselves!—Food Plants in Bulgarian Rural Home Gardens

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10112520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2520

Author(s):

Teodora Ivanova ◽

Yulia Bosseva ◽

Mihail Chervenkov ◽

Dessislava Dimitrova

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Plant Diversity ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Home Gardens ◽

Food Plants ◽

Home Garden ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽

Total Size

The home garden is a unique human-nature interspace that accommodates a diverse spectrum of plant species and provides multiple services to households. One of the most important roles of home gardens is to shelter the agricultural plant diversity that provides for diverse and healthy nutrition, especially in rural communities. While tropical home gardens have received wide recognition due to their provisional function for the local communities, temperate and especially European home gardens have been discussed less frequently as a source of subsistence. The main objectives of the current study were to document plant species grown in Bulgarian rural home gardens and to explore related local knowledge and cultural practices that influence food plant diversity, its selection and preservation. Field work was focused on settlements situated in eight provinces in South and North-West Bulgaria. Participants representing 65 home gardens were approached through semi-structured interviews. Home gardens were found to harbor 145 cultivated and semi-cultivated plant taxa, used as food, medicinal and aromatic plants and as animal fodder. Members of the Rosaceae family were most numerous. The largest part of the garden area was occupied by vegetable crops of Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae. In 63.1% of the studied households, the food growing area comprised more than 2/3 of the total size of the garden. Most preferred crops reflected the social and cultural importance of food self-provisioning, especially in the rural areas. The provisional role of the home gardens in regard to preparation of traditional foods and the driving forces for seed saving are discussed.

Download Full-text

Assessment of the Diverse Roles of Home Gardens and Their Sustainable Management for Livelihood Improvement in West Java, Indonesia

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10110970 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 970

Author(s):

Park ◽

Woo ◽

Kwak ◽

Lee ◽

Leti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Sustainable Management ◽

Net Present Value ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Home Gardens ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Home Garden ◽

West Java ◽

Quality Of Living ◽

Traditional Agroforestry

Home garden is a traditional agroforestry system, which is an ecologically and socio-economically sustainable land use system in West Java, Indonesia. It plays a fundamental role in providing subsistence food and income to local people through a multi-strata structure. Despite the importance of the home garden, which is strongly linked with quality of living, there is still a lack of quantitative data and information. Therefore, we quantified the economic and ecological characteristics of home gardens in the present study to evaluate their diverse roles. In addition, general strategies that are applicable to home gardens in West Java were developed for sustainable management. The results of this study indicated that: (1) large landholding size showed a significantly higher Net Present Value (NPV) than small landholding size when the home gardens were dominated by fruit tree species, (2) species richness, species diversity, and carbon stock did not differ significantly among the different types and sizes of home gardens in West Java, and (3) multi-layered and diverse species composition is considerable for sustainable management of home gardens in terms of income generation and against urbanization and commercialization in West Java, Indonesia. Further studies should be considered for developing a standardized and generalized model that is able to evaluate and quantify the various ecosystem values that are generally acceptable and applicable in rural areas.

Download Full-text

Homocysteine Levels Show Significant Differences among Mediterranean Dietary Quality Index Variables Compared to Folate and Vitamin B12 Status in Women

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000237 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 85 (3-4) ◽

pp. 202-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ivona Višekruna ◽

Ivana Rumbak ◽

Ivana Rumora Samarin ◽

Irena Keser ◽

Jasmina Ranilović

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Quality Index ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Vitamin B ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Diet ◽

The Mediterranean

Abstract. Results of epidemiologic studies and clinical trials have shown that subjects following the Mediterranean diet had lower inflammatory markers such as homocysteine (Hcy). Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess female diet quality with the Mediterranean diet quality index (MDQI) and to determine the correlation between MDQI, homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 levels in the blood. The study participants were 237 apparently healthy women (96 of reproductive age and 141 postmenopausal) between 25 and 93 years. For each participant, 24-hour dietary recalls for 3 days were collected, MDQI was calculated, and plasma Hcy, serum and erythrocyte folate and vitamin B12 levels were analysed. Total MDQI ranged from 8 to 10 points, which represented a medium-poor diet for the subjects. The strength of correlation using biomarkers, regardless of group type, age, gender and other measured parameters, was ranked from best (0.11) to worst (0.52) for olive oil, fish, fruits and vegetables, grains, and meat, in this order. Hcy levels showed the best response among all markers across all groups and food types. Our study shows significant differences between variables of the MDQI and Hcy levels compared to levels of folate and vitamin B12 in participants with medium-poor diet quality, as evaluated according to MDQI scores.

Download Full-text

Health effects of vegetarian and vegan diets

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1079/pns2005481 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 35-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 178

Author(s):

Timothy J. Key ◽

Paul N. Appleby ◽

Magdalena S. Rosell

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Health Effects ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Concentration ◽

Vitamin B ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Western Countries ◽

Vegetarian Diets ◽

Long Chain

Vegetarian diets do not contain meat, poultry or fish; vegan diets further exclude dairy products and eggs. Vegetarian and vegan diets can vary widely, but the empirical evidence largely relates to the nutritional content and health effects of the average diet of well-educated vegetarians living in Western countries, together with some information on vegetarians in non-Western countries. In general, vegetarian diets provide relatively large amounts of cereals, pulses, nuts, fruits and vegetables. In terms of nutrients, vegetarian diets are usually rich in carbohydrates, n−6 fatty acids, dietary fibre, carotenoids, folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and Mg, and relatively low in protein, saturated fat, long-chain n−3 fatty acids, retinol, vitamin B12 and Zn; vegans may have particularly low intakes of vitamin B12 and low intakes of Ca. Cross-sectional studies of vegetarians and vegans have shown that on average they have a relatively low BMI and a low plasma cholesterol concentration; recent studies have also shown higher plasma homocysteine concentrations than in non-vegetarians. Cohort studies of vegetarians have shown a moderate reduction in mortality from IHD but little difference in other major causes of death or all-cause mortality in comparison with health-conscious non-vegetarians from the same population. Studies of cancer have not shown clear differences in cancer rates between vegetarians and non-vegetarians. More data are needed, particularly on the health of vegans and on the possible impacts on health of low intakes of long-chain n−3 fatty acids and vitamin B12. Overall, the data suggest that the health of Western vegetarians is good and similar to that of comparable non-vegetarians.

Download Full-text

Householders Attitude, Preferences, and Willingness to Have Home Garden at Time of Pandemics

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae8010056 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Aydin Basarir ◽

Noura M. N. Al Mansouri ◽

Zienab F. R. Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Leisure Time ◽

Online Survey ◽

Significant Contribution ◽

Home Gardens ◽

Green Spaces ◽

Ecological Environment ◽

Home Garden ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

The Social

The value of home gardens has become more apparent among tenants forced into isolation in difficult and uncertain times arising since the COVID-19 pandemic started at the beginning of 2020. While gardens make a significant contribution to the social and ecological environment of cities, most studies have focused on public green spaces. Investigating householder preferences for gardens during and after the mandatory lockdown period in the UAE is required. The main objective of this study is to analyze the householder’s attitude, preferences, and willingness to have home gardens during the pandemic and after. The data were collected via an online survey of randomly selected respondents. A logistic econometrical model was utilized to analyze the factors affecting respondent preferences regarding having a garden. According to the results, the probability of having a garden increases among respondents who produce some crops, have attained Msc/PhD. level, a backyard, and a larger space to cultivate. It decreases among those who are married, find it hard to take care of a garden, and face a weed problem. In conclusions, it is highly recommended for householders to have home gardens, which can provide a quality lifestyle and enhance leisure time during the pandemic and after.

Download Full-text

PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN MELALUI PEMBANGUNAN JARINGAN EKONOMI PEDESAAN (Sebagai Suatu Strategi)*

Populasi ◽

10.22146/jp.11583 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Prijono Tjiptoherijanto

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Rural Families ◽

Small Scale ◽

Family Development ◽

Small Scale Industry ◽

Poor Families ◽

National Family ◽

National Family Planning ◽

Poverty Elimination

Various policies have been implemented by Indonesian government in its efforts to eliminate poverty. This paper proposes BKKBN's (National Family Planning Coordinating Agency) attempts which stress on poverty elimination in non-backward area by way of prosperous family development through expanding rural economic network. The program is started with improving movement of "pride of village" through programs of Plaju (that of Harvesting, Processingand Selling), Pemaju (that of Packaging and Selling), and Penguja (that of Services entrepreneurs) followed by Takesra ( that of Savings for People's Prosperity) and Kukesra (that of Entrepreneurial Credit for Prosperous Family). Through the programs, rural families are expected to play roles in agribusiness and agrobusiness sectors, as well as in small-scale industry. With the benefit gotfrom the programs, it is then expexted that levels of families' income increase consequently, and number of poor families in rural areas can be eliminated.

Download Full-text

SUATU PENDEKATAN ANALISIS MULTIVARIAT TENTANG TINGKAT KELAHIRAN PADA BEBERAPA KELOMPOK DAN ETNIS WANITA PERNAH KAWIN DI IRIAN JAYA

Populasi ◽

10.22146/jp.10809 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pieter J. Soumokil

Keyword(s):

Rural Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Women ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Low Fertility ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

High Fertility ◽

Irian Jaya ◽

Lower Fertility

It has been argued by many demographers that socio economic development with its associated fundamental changes in the role of women and the value of children is the dominant factor in the transition from high to low fertility. Research in less developed countries has found lower fertility levels in urban population compared to rural population. It was therefore assumed that the modernizing role of urbanlife helped bring about a decline infertility levels.This study in Irian Jaya, however, convincingly shows that fertility of urban women in Irian Jaya is higher than that of rural women. This differential infertility in favour of urban women in Irian Jaya appears to be real and not a result of underreporting of total live births in rural areas.The reasons for lower fertility in the rural areas in IrianJaya remain unknown, and more research is therefore needed. However, this study strongly suggests that the traditional system of swidden agricultyure in Irian Jaya, which places a highvalue on the labour input of women, may play a major role in constraining fertility in rural area of this province. On the other hand, high fertility in urban areas takes place because urbanwomen have their first birth earlier thanwomen inthe rural areas.

Download Full-text

Influencing Factors of Rural Families’ Migration to Urban Area: The Case of Kabul, Afghanistan

Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology ◽

10.9734/ajaees/2019/v37i430286 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Abdul Ahad Hakim ◽

Ismet Boz

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Rural Families ◽

Study Data ◽

Manuscript Preparation ◽

Gender Inequalities ◽

Urban Migration ◽

Face To Face ◽

Urban Migrants ◽

Rural Urban Migration

Aims: This study aimed to determine factors influencing rural families’ migration to urban areas in Kabul, Afghanistan. Place and Duration of Study: Data were collected in different neighbourhoods of Kabul, Afghanistan during the July-September period of 2019. Data analyses and manuscript preparation were completed in the October-December period of 2019. Methodology: First, the most populated neighbourhoods of Kabul, particularly those areas where the majority of families migrated from rural areas were determined. The data of the study were collected from 400 rural-urban migrants in Kabul city. The questionnaires were filled during face to face informal meetings with households. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, and means. The questionnaire included socio-economic characteristics of rural-urban migrants, pushing and pulling factors which affected rural migration, reasons for insecurity in rural areas, and satisfaction and reintegration of migrants in Kabul city. Results: The results show that unemployment with 9.53 and fear of terror with 9.15 are the most effective pushing factors for rural families to migrate. However, the most important pulling factors which make Kabul city attractive for rural families are the issues regarding rights (women rights with 8.82, having right to vote with 8.73 and human rights with 8.71). Conclusion: In the last five years Afghanistan had huge number immigration internally (1.1 million person) and internationally (1.7 million people) Results of this study suggest that to slower rural-urban migration in Afghanistan, rural development programs should be implemented, and the priority of these programs should be given to the creation of employment opportunities and eliminating gender inequalities in rural areas. Otherwise, either rural-urban migration or dissatisfaction of being in Kabul and preferring not reintegrating back to their villages will make rural-urban migrants seek international migration.

Download Full-text

SPECIES DIVERSITY, UTILIZATION AND CONSERVATION IN HOME GARDENS OF SOME RESIDENTIAL AREAS, COIMBATORE, INDIA.

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj71 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 71-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jamuna S ◽

Subhasree R ◽

Karthika K ◽

Paulsamy S ◽

Thenmozhi K

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Plant Species ◽

Ocimum Basilicum ◽

Home Gardens ◽

The Other ◽

Home Garden ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Important Species ◽

Celosia Cristata ◽

Number Of Plant Species

The present study was aimed at documenting species composition, utilization and conservation of plant species growing in home gardens of 10 residential areas of Coimbatore city, India. Household interviews and home garden surveys revealed that all the 109 plant species included in 60 families included have someeconomic uses or with ornamental significance. Higher number of species was herbs followed by shrubs, trees, climbers, succulent herbs, vines and sub-shrubs. The families viz., Asteraceae, Apocynaceae and Acanthaceae contributed higher number of plant species than the other families to the home gardens. Thespecies namely, Celosia cristata, Chrysanthemum odoratum and Ocimum basilicum have registered 50% frequency among the home gardens sampled which indicates that these species have distributed and maintained in comparatively higher number of home gardens. The home garden species are mainly under thecategories of vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, economic important species and medicinal. These results further report revealed that homegardens satisfy various household needs like food, ornamentals, medicines, building material, religious and ceremonial uses.

Download Full-text

Performance-oriented architecture and urban design

Form Akademisk - forskningstidsskrift for design og designdidaktikk ◽

10.7577/formakademisk.2963 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Michael Ulrich Hensel ◽

Søren S. Sørensen

Keyword(s):

Urban Design ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Computational Design ◽

Research Centre ◽

Integrative Approach ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

Peripheral Areas ◽

Architecture And Design

This article discusses a performance-oriented approach to architectural and urban design that seeks to intensify the interaction between architectures and their specific settings and environments. The overarching aim is to expand performance-oriented design in architecture to urban design and to integrate architectural, urban design and landscape design into a multi-scalar and multi-domain approach. This effort is currently comprised of three distinct research by design efforts: [i] designs for urban areas with a focus on demographic and environmental aspects, [ii] designs for peripheral areas with a focus on preserving or restoring vital local bio-physical conditions and interrelations, and [iii] designs for rural areas that elaborate an integrative approach towards constructions and correlating land uses. In order to facilitate this approach, computational information-based design is linked with systems-thinking. The portrayed research was undertaken at the Research Centre for Architecture and Tectonics and the Advanced Computational Design Laboratory at the Oslo School of Architecture and Design over a period of five years from 2014 to 2018.

Download Full-text