scholarly journals Salinity Duration and Concentration Affect Fruit Yield and Quality, and Growth and Mineral Composition of Melon Plants Grown in Perlite

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1234-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. del Amor ◽  
V. Martinez ◽  
A. Cerdá
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

The shortage of good quality water in semiarid zones necessitates the use of saline water for irrigation. In order to simulate the usage of brackish irrigation water in greenhouse melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Galia) culture in perlite, plants were supplied with nutrient solutions containing 0 (control), 20, 40, and 60 mm NaCl applied at four different times. Treatments were applied during early vegetative growth [14 days after transplanting (DAT)], beginning of flowering (37 DAT), beginning of fruit set (56 DAT), and beginning of fruit ripening (71 DAT). All vegetative and fruit yield parameters were significantly reduced when salinization was started 14 DAT. This inhibitory effect of salinity was progressively lessened when salinity was imposed at later dates. This suggests that the response of melons to salinity depends on the duration of exposure to saline water. Salinity treatments increased fruit reducing sugars, acidity, and total soluble solids. Fruit yield reduction at each salinization time was correlated with salinity levels, but there was some evidence of a nutrient imbalance, since leaf concentrations of N-NO3, and especially K, were low at higher salinities. These results indicate that brackish waters can be used for growing melon with minimum yield losses if concentration and duration of exposure are carefully monitored.

scholarly journals Salt Tolerance of Tomato Plants as Affected by Stage of Plant Development

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1260-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. del Amor ◽  
V. Martinez ◽  
A. Cerdá
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Plant Growth Stages ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

In order to simulate the usage of brackish irrigation water in greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Daniela) culture in perlite, plants were supplied with nutrient solutions containing 0, 20, 40, and 60 mm NaCl. The three highest salinity treatments were applied at three different plant growth stages, during early vegetative growth [16 days after transplanting, (DAT)], beginning of flowering (36 DAT), and starting fruit development (66 DAT). Salt tolerance of tomato plants increased when the application of salinity was delayed. Salinity significantly decreased size and number of marketable fruits, but increased fruit quality by increasing total soluble solids and sugar content. Leaf and fruit calcium and potassium concentrations were decreased significantly by increasing salinity levels. This was compensated for the accumulation of sodium. Anion accumulation was increased by increasing chloride concentration. These results indicate that it is feasible to use brackish water for growing tomato with minimum yield losses if salt concentration and duration of exposure are carefully monitored.

scholarly journals Morphological, Leaf Nutrient, and Fruit Quality Characteristics of Diverse Tomato Cultivars under Organic Low-Input Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12326
Author(s):  
Leangsrun Chea ◽  
Cut Erika ◽  
Marcel Naumann ◽  
Inga Smit ◽  
Bernd Horneburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Increasing fruit yield and quality of tomatoes under organic low-input conditions remains a challenge for producers and breeders. Therefore, it is necessary to identify superior tomato cultivars that are suitable for production and use as parents in breeding programmes. In the present study, the variations in plant morphology and fruit quality characteristics of tomato cultivars were assessed to reveal the traits associated with improved yield and fruit quality. Sixty diverse tomato cultivars were screened in 2015, and in 2016, a subset of 20 cultivars was selected for further evaluation under organic low-input conditions. The results showed high variability among cultivars in all 28 traits that were observed. Salad cultivars had lower plant growth and fruit quality (minerals, dry matter, total soluble solids, and total phenolics) by 10–70%, but they displayed 10–60% higher fruit yield and leaf minerals than cocktail cultivars. Salad tomato cultivars with superior yield and harvest index were mainly derived from breeding for intensive indoor production. Cocktail cultivars with superior yield were mainly derived from organic and outdoor breeding programs. There was a trade-off between fruit yield and quality, indicating a challenge for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality. The importance of Mg was highlighted because of its contribution to the fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality. Cultivars superior in one trait or trait combination under organic low-input conditions were identified to be used by producers and breeders as superior cultivars to meet their production targets and breeding objectives. The importance of Mg provides a novel path for further research on improving soil-available Mg in organic tomato production to enhance fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality in general.

scholarly journals Fruit production and quality of mini-watermelon with different number of stems, in troughs cultivation system and substrate reuse

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-486
Author(s):  
Josiéle Garcia Dutra ◽  
◽  
Roberta Marins Nogueira Peil ◽  
Tatiana da Silva Duarte ◽  
Cesar Valmor Rombaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The One

Substrate-filled pots are growing systems commonly used for vegetable farming. However, few are the studies available relating them to mini-watermelon cultivation. Our study presents a growing system using substrate-filled troughs and leachate recirculation as a low-cost and less environmentally harmful soilless cultivation system for mini-watermelons. For a growing system to be viable and provide high fruit yield and quality, several aspects must be studied, including substrate physical properties and reuse potential in successive crops, besides plant management-related aspects. Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the effects of a trough system and substrate reuse on changes in the properties of raw rice husk and on fruit yield and quality for mini-watermelons at different stem training. To this purpose, two trials were conducted using nutrient solution recirculation systems. In the first, we evaluated the effects of pot and trough systems. In the second, first- and second-use substrates were compared in the trough system. In both trials, one and two-stem training systems were analyzed. The results of the first trial show that the trough system had a greater positive impact on substrate water holding capacity (WHC), which increased from 7.9 to 15.6%, while the pots increased substrate WHC only to 11.2%. However, both systems neither affected fruit yield (8 kg/m² on average) nor fruit quality. The two-stem training promoted higher fruit yields (4.2 kg/plant) and contents of total soluble solids - TSS (11.4 °Brix) but did not affect average fruit weight. Moreover, the one-stem training provided higher fruit number (7.3 fruits/m²) and fruit yield (9.7 kg/m²). In the second trial, the reused substrate showed a higher WHC (12.4%) than the one used for the first time (9.9%). The reused substrate also provided better results in terms of fruit yield and quality (5.9 fruits/m², 5.3 kg/m², and 10.5o Brix). In the second trial, two-stem training also increased average fruit weight, and hence yields per plant. Nevertheless, the stem number did not affect fruit number per plant, fruit yield per square meter, and fruit quality.

Mixed Fertilizer can Improve Fruit Yield and Quality of Field-Grown Tomatoes Irrigated with Saline Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1981-1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said S. Al-Ismaily ◽  
Rashid A. Al-Yahyai ◽  
Salim A. Al-Rawahy
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Organic cultivation of yellow passion fruit using tall seedlings with long root systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilciléia Mendes Silva ◽  
Sebastião Elviro Araújo Neto ◽  
Luís Gustavo De Souza Souza ◽  
Thays Lemos Uchôa ◽  
Regina Lúcia Félix Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Studies related to adaptation to the environment and different conditions of water availability contribute to decision-making regarding the management of any crop to be implanted. Accordingly, this work aimed to evaluate the yield and quality of organic yellow passion fruit cultivated in a long root system in dryland conditions. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replications with four plants each. The treatments consisted of the alteration of the length of the root system, namely: T1 = 25 cm; T2 = 50 cm; T3 = 75 cm; T4 = 100 cm; and T5 = 125 cm. At 120 days after emergence (DAE), the seedlings were transplanted to the field and the following variables were evaluated: plant height (cm) and base diameter (mm) at 120 DAE; total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), Ratio (TSS/TTA); and fruit yield. The cultivation of tall seedlings with a long root system provides the maintenance of production during the dry season. The TTA, TSS, and the ratio do not change when modifying the length of the root system, although they do change with the harvest season. The cultivation of passion fruit in an organic system using plants with a long root system with an estimated length of 114 cm provides a higher fruit yield (7,472 kg ha-1) in 22 months of cultivation.

scholarly journals Variability Parameters of Yield and Quality Attributes in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Som Prakash ◽  
R. S. Verma ◽  
R. B. Ram ◽  
Bhag Chand Shivran ◽  
Harvindra Pal
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Number Of Branches

The experiment of the present research work was conducted during summer season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Horticulture Research Farm-I, Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya-Vihar, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow (U.P.), India. The analysis of variance clearly reveals significant differences among the genotypes for all characters. The observations recorded on various characters showed that the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient variation (GCV) for all characters. The high phenotypic as well as genotypic coefficient of variation were observed in marketable fruit yield per plant (39.36%) followed by average fruit weight (29.73%) and number of branches per plant (27.18%). High estimates of heritability were recorded for different characters viz., average fruit weight (98.6%) followed by total soluble solids (97.8%), total sugars (97.7%) and days to anthesis of first pistillate flowers (97.2%). The parameters which observed were found to be very high estimate value of genetic advance in per cent of mean of (60.14%) average fruit weight (60.14%) followed by titratable acidity (53.73%), number of branches per plant (53.47%), total soluble solids (52.81%) and marketable fruit yield per plant (47.87%).

scholarly journals Soilless Media and Containers for Greenhouse Production of `Galia' Type Muskmelon

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Rodriguez ◽  
D.J. Cantliffe ◽  
N.L. Shaw ◽  
Z. Karchi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Solids Content

In the spring of 2001 and 2002, different combinations of media (coarse perlite, medium perlite, and pine bark) and containers (polyethylene bags and plastic pots) were used for hydroponic production of `Galia' muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.) to determine their effect on fruit yield and quality, and their influence on costs of production. Marketable yields obtained for `Gal-152' in the spring 2001 and 2002 were 25.5 kg·m–2 and 39.0 kg·m–2 respectively. When data were combined for 2001 and 2002, fruit yield and fruit quality were unaffected by any combination of media and container. Average soluble solids content was generally greater than 10° Brix. It was determined that the use of pine bark media and plastic pots instead of perlite and bags would save $18,200 per year (two crops)—a feasible option for reducing costs of producing `Galia' muskmelons in greenhouses using soilless culture without loss of yield and fruit quality.

scholarly journals Tomato Fruit Yields and Quality under Water Deficit and Salinity

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Mitchell ◽  
C. Shennan ◽  
S.R. Grattan ◽  
D.M. May
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Management Options

Effects of deficit irrigation and irrigation with saline drainage water on processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, cv. UC82B) yields, fruit quality, and fruit tissue constituents were investigated in two field experiments. Deficit irrigation reduced fruit water accumulation and fresh fruit yield, but increased fruit soluble solids levels and' led to higher concentrations of hexoses, citric acid, and potassium. Irrigation with saline water had no effect on total fresh fruit yield or hexose concentration, but slightly reduced fruit water content, which contributed to increased inorganic ion concentrations. Fruit set and marketable soluble solids (marketable red fruit yield × percent soluble solids) were generally unaffected by either irrigation practice. Water deficit and salinity increased starch concentration during early fruit development, but, at maturity, concentrations were reduced to < 1%, regardless of treatment. Higher fruit acid concentrations resulted from water deficit irrigation and from irrigation with saline water relative to the control in one year out of two. These results support the contention that deficit irrigation and irrigation with saline drainage water may be feasible crop water management options for producing high quality field-grown processing tomatoes without major yield reductions. Appropriate long-term strategies are needed to deal with the potential hazards of periodic increases in soil salinity associated with use of saline drainage water for irrigation.

Wood-based biochar for small fruit production in southern Quebec, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Shang ◽  
Chih-Yu Hung ◽  
Barry Husk ◽  
Valerie Orsat ◽  
Joann K. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
First Year ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Small Fruit

The market for small fruits (grapes, blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries) is valued at more than CAD100 million per year in Quebec, Canada. Wood-based biochar is an amendment that improves soil quality, which may boost small fruit growth and production. The objective of this research was to determine if wood-based biochar could increase the yield and quality of grape, blueberry, strawberry, and raspberry in southern Quebec. We evaluated the fruit yield as well as the quality parameters like average fruit weight, fruit firmness, color, juice pH, total soluble solids, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Field trials were established on commercial farms with grape, blueberry, strawberry, and raspberry production systems in plots that received wood-based biochar and no biochar in spring (April to May). Small fruits were harvested at their ripening stage for yield and quality evaluation in fall (July to October). Biochar application did not improve yield and quality parameters of small fruits except it gave a marginal higher yield of grape (3.7 vs. 4.4 t ha-1, P = 0.08) and a higher average fruit weight of strawberry (11.9 vs. 13.2 g, P < 0.05). There was no difference in the quality of the fruit from biochar-amended and control plots in the first year of biochar application, possibly because the quality parameters are affected more by weather conditions, handling, and storage than by soil quality. This work suggests that wood-based biochar (<5 t ha-1) has a limited first-year impact on small fruit yield and quality in southern Quebec, Canada.

Influence of Saline Water on Plant Growth, Yield and Quality of Sunflower Hybrid

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3266-3271
Author(s):  
Long Wang ◽  
Pei Ling Yang ◽  
Shu Mei Ren ◽  
Hao Liang Yu ◽  
Xin He
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Salinity Levels

Sunflower is an important oil crop, which is tolerant to water and salt stress and can be planted in vast areas of China. In our studies, four salinity levels of irrigation were used to irrigate one kind of sunflower (TO01244) under two irrigation low limits (65%FC and 75%FC). Plant growth, Soil salinity and leaf water status, yield and quality were researched. The results showed the means of plant heights under 2g/L, 3.5g/L and 5g/L irrigation water were 9.07%, 12.45% and 18.35% lower than the tap water respectively. In soil salinization the means of ECe increased by 271.13%, 173.22%, 132.98% and 4.73% respectively under irrigation water of four salinity levels. It can be found that the seed under 3.5g/L irrigation water had more linoleic acid, which is healthy to human and contribute to address the cardiovascnlar and cerebrovascular diseases as an important part of the sunflower oil. Facing the increasingly serious lack of fresh water resources, development and utilization of underground saline water would play an important role in agricultural production.

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