scholarly journals Salt Tolerance of Tomato Plants as Affected by Stage of Plant Development

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1260-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. del Amor ◽  
V. Martinez ◽  
A. Cerdá
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Plant Growth Stages ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

In order to simulate the usage of brackish irrigation water in greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Daniela) culture in perlite, plants were supplied with nutrient solutions containing 0, 20, 40, and 60 mm NaCl. The three highest salinity treatments were applied at three different plant growth stages, during early vegetative growth [16 days after transplanting, (DAT)], beginning of flowering (36 DAT), and starting fruit development (66 DAT). Salt tolerance of tomato plants increased when the application of salinity was delayed. Salinity significantly decreased size and number of marketable fruits, but increased fruit quality by increasing total soluble solids and sugar content. Leaf and fruit calcium and potassium concentrations were decreased significantly by increasing salinity levels. This was compensated for the accumulation of sodium. Anion accumulation was increased by increasing chloride concentration. These results indicate that it is feasible to use brackish water for growing tomato with minimum yield losses if salt concentration and duration of exposure are carefully monitored.

scholarly journals Salinity Duration and Concentration Affect Fruit Yield and Quality, and Growth and Mineral Composition of Melon Plants Grown in Perlite

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1234-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. del Amor ◽  
V. Martinez ◽  
A. Cerdá
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

The shortage of good quality water in semiarid zones necessitates the use of saline water for irrigation. In order to simulate the usage of brackish irrigation water in greenhouse melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Galia) culture in perlite, plants were supplied with nutrient solutions containing 0 (control), 20, 40, and 60 mm NaCl applied at four different times. Treatments were applied during early vegetative growth [14 days after transplanting (DAT)], beginning of flowering (37 DAT), beginning of fruit set (56 DAT), and beginning of fruit ripening (71 DAT). All vegetative and fruit yield parameters were significantly reduced when salinization was started 14 DAT. This inhibitory effect of salinity was progressively lessened when salinity was imposed at later dates. This suggests that the response of melons to salinity depends on the duration of exposure to saline water. Salinity treatments increased fruit reducing sugars, acidity, and total soluble solids. Fruit yield reduction at each salinization time was correlated with salinity levels, but there was some evidence of a nutrient imbalance, since leaf concentrations of N-NO3, and especially K, were low at higher salinities. These results indicate that brackish waters can be used for growing melon with minimum yield losses if concentration and duration of exposure are carefully monitored.

scholarly journals Screening for Salt Tolerance in Melons

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 905-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Mendlinger ◽  
Dov Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Mean Time

Twenty melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultigens (cultivars and breeding lines) were tested for salt tolerance. All cultigens were grown in the field using drip irrigation at three salt salinity levels: electrical conductivity (ECw = 1.2, 7.5, or 14.0 dS·m-1. Nineteen of the 20 cultigens proved to be salt-sensitive, as measured by reduction in fruit weight, but not necessarily to the same degree (i.e., some cultigens were tolerant at ECw = 7.5, whereas others were not). One line, `Evan Key', was salt-tolerant at ECw= 14.0. Increasing salinity levels did not affect the number of fruits produced in most cultigens. Overall, increasing salinity reduced netting quality but increased the total soluble solids content and shortened mean time to harvest in seven cultigens.

scholarly journals QTL analysis of salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor during whole‐plant growth stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-465
Author(s):  
Hailian Wang ◽  
Runfeng Wang ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Yanbing Yang ◽  
Ling Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Growth Stages

UTILIZAÇÃO DE ÁGUAS SALOBRAS NO CULTIVO HIDROPÔNICO DA ALFACE

Irriga ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaelly Suzanye Santos ◽  
Daniel Da Costa Dantas ◽  
Fabiola Pascoal Nogueira ◽  
Nildo Da Silva Dias ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Salinity Increase ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Cultivar Variation ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

A salinidade é um problema sério para a agricultura, pois limita o crescimento e o desenvolvimento das plantas sensíveis. A tolerância das culturas à salinidade é influenciada por diversos fatores, incluindo estágio de crescimento, condições ambientais, espécies e cultivares de uma mesma espécie. Foram testados três salinidades da água no preparo da solução nutritiva (0,5; 3,0 e 6,0 dS m-1) em três cultivares de alface (Babá de verão, Verônica e Quatro estações) em sistema hidropônico sob condições protegidas com a finalidade de avaliar a tolerância das cultivares à salinidade. Não foram observados diferenças entre as cultivares estudadas quanto à salinidade da água de irrigação. O aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação provocou redução do número de folhas e da matéria seca da parte aérea.   UNITERMOS: Lactuca sativa L., solução nutritiva, condutividade elétrica.     SANTOS, R. S.; DANTAS, D. C.; NOGUEIRA, F. P.; DIAS, N. S.; FERREIRA NETO, M.; GURGEL. M. T. BRACKISH WATER USE ON HYDROPONIC LETTUCE     2 ABSTRACT   Salinity is a serious problem for agriculture because it can limit the growth and development of salt-sensitive plants. Salt tolerance is affected by several factors, including the growth stage, environmental conditions, species and cultivar variation for each species. In order to compare salt tolerance, three water salinity levels were used to prepare nutrient solutions (0.5; 3.0 and 6.0 dS m-1) and were applied on three different lettuce cultivars in a hydroponic system under greenhouse (cvs. Babá de verão, Verônica and Quatro estações). Differences in salt tolerance of the nutrient solutions were not observed for the studied cultivars. The salinity increase in the nutrient solutions reduced the leaf number and dry matter biomass.   KEYWORDS: Lactuca sativa L., soil solution, electric conductivity.    

scholarly journals The Influence of 1-Triacontanol on the Growth, Flowering, and Quality of PottedBougainvilleaPlants (Bougainvillea glabravar. “Elizabeth Angus”) under Natural Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker ◽  
Golam Faruq ◽  
M. Motior Rahman ◽  
M. Sofian-Azirun ◽  
Amru Nasrulhaq Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Flower Bud

Selected physiological and biochemical parameters were monitored at the vegetative and reproductive growth stages in pottedBougainvilleaplants treated with five different concentrations of TRIA. Advanced flowering, flower bud number, and blooming rate increased significantly with 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L TRIA treatments. Similarly, photosynthetic rate, pigment content, quantum yield, and stomatal conductance increased significantly with 2.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/L TRIA treatments. Higher levels of N, P, and K, as well as increased total soluble solids (TSS) and higher sugar and protein contents, were recorded in treated plants. Furthermore, 46% more flowers, a 1.5-fold increase in bract weight, increased longevity, and 40% less leaf abscission were recorded following 2.5 mg/L TRIA treatment. Phenol and flavonoid contents, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and antioxidant activities were also markedly increased with 2.5 and 1.0 mg/L TRIA treatments. However, ethylene production was significantly lower in the treated plants. Positive correlations were observed between leaf TSS and flowering time and flower number, between leaf sugar content and bract weight, and between net photosynthesis and bract growth and dry matter production. It can be concluded that the foliar spray of TRIA stimulates growth, enhances flowering, and improves the quality of pottedBougainvilleaplants.

Evaluation of tomato hybrids with different level of ripe rate under hydroponic conditions (fitopyramide)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N. AL-Rukabi ◽  
◽  
V.I. Leunov
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Agricultural Method ◽  
Seedling Germination ◽  
Greenhouse Tomatoes ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Variety Testing

Greenhouse tomatoes are divided into early, medium and late-maturing. The days from seedling germination to the first harvest are taken into account. Tomato has a huge potential for heterosis in terms of precocity, overall yield, signs of resistance and uniformity. The preferred agricultural method is hydroponics, which allows you to grow plants without using soil, only using mineral nutrient solutions in water. The cultivation of tomato plants on the " Fitopyramida " will allow to sell their products in the periods with the highest realized prices. An experiment on variety testing of 11 tomato hybrids of different product groups that differ in precocity allowed us to select the most adapted to the conditions of the " Fitopyramida " technology, including the indeterminate beef Ruddy ball F1, cherry hybrids Elf F1 and orange-fruited cherry Magic harp F1. the determinant hybrid Captain F1 showed Good results.

Harvest Field Sizing as a Technique to Remove Undersize French Prunes

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 452a-452
Author(s):  
Richard Buchner ◽  
Seeley Mudd ◽  
Bruce Carroll ◽  
Mark Gilles
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
High Sugar Content

Overall profitability is a major goal in successful prune production and a major component in any prune management system. Large prune crops in 1996 and 1997 have stimulated considerable interest in undersize fruit. Undersize prunes currently have marginal value and may represent a net loss because of costs to haul, dry, and to market order payments on low value prunes. One technique to control delivery size is to field size at harvest. Field sizing involves installing size-sorting devices on harvesters, which allow small prunes to fall out while valuable fruit is collected. Field sizing is considered a “risky” strategy because of the potential to remove prunes with economic value. During the 1997 harvest, 21 infield harvest sizing evaluations were made in prune orchards throughout Tehama county. The first evaluation occurred on 12 Aug. 1997, at the start of prune harvest. The final evaluation was done on 5 Sept. 1997, at the tail end of harvest. The objective was to sample throughout the harvest period to test field sizing under various sugar, size, and fruit pressure scenarios. The test machine was 1-inch bar sizer. Of the 21 sample dates, undersize fruit was clearly not marketable in 20 of the 21 samples. Discarded fruit averaged 133 dry count per pound. Only one sample out of 21 may have had market value at 86 dry count per pound. Although small in size, these prunes had very high sugar content contributing to their dry weight. In this evaluation, a 1-inch bar sizer did a good job of separating fruit with and without market value under the 1997 price schedule. As harvest date becomes later and soluble solids increase, the chances of sorting out marketable prunes also increases.

scholarly journals Preliminary Insights in Sensory Profile of Sweet Cherries

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Vânia Silva ◽  
Sandra Pereira ◽  
Alice Vilela ◽  
Eunice Bacelar ◽  
Francisco Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sensory Data

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is a fruit appreciated by consumers for its well-known physical and sensory characteristics and its health benefits. Being an extremely perishable fruit, it is important to know the unique attributes of the cultivars to develop cultivation or postharvest strategies that can enhance their quality. This study aimed to understand the influence of physicochemical characteristics of two sweet cherry cultivars, Burlat and Van, on the food quality perception. Several parameters (weight, dimensions, soluble solids content (SSC), pH, titratable acidity (TA), colour, and texture) were measured and correlated with sensory data. Results showed that cv. Van presented heavier and firmer fruits with high sugar content. In turn, cv. Burlat showed higher pH, lower TA, and presented redder and brightest fruits. The principal component analysis revealed an evident separation between cultivars. Van cherries stood out for their sensory parameters and were classified as more acidic, bitter, and astringent, and presented a firmer texture. Contrarily, Burlat cherries were distinguished as being more flavourful, succulent, sweeter, and more uniform in terms of visual and colour parameters. The results of the sensory analysis suggested that perceived quality does not always depend on and/or recognize the quality parameters inherent to the physicochemical characteristics of each cultivar.

scholarly journals Individual and Combined Effects of Planting Date, Seeding Rate, Relative Maturity, and Row Spacing on Soybean Yield

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Peder K. Schmitz ◽  
Hans J. Kandel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering

Planting date (PD), seeding rate (SR), relative maturity (RM) of cultivars, and row spacing (RS) are primary management factors affecting soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) yield. The individual and synergistic effects of PD, SR, RM, and RS on seed yield and agronomic characteristics in North Dakota were herein investigated. Early and late PD, early and late RM cultivars, two SR (408,000 and 457,000 seed ha−1), and two RS (30.5 and 61 cm) were evaluated in four total environments in 2019 and 2020. Maximizing green canopy cover prior to the beginning of flowering improved seed yield. Individual factors of early PD and narrow RS resulted in yield increase of 311 and 266 kg ha−1, respectively. The combined factors of early PD, late RM, high SR, and narrow RS improved yield by 26% and provided a $350 ha−1 partial profit over conventional practices. Canopy cover and yield had relatively weak relationships with r2 of 0.36, 0.23, 0.14, and 0.21 at the two trifoliolate, four trifoliolate, beginning of flowering, and beginning of pod formation soybean growth stages, respectively. Producers in the most northern soybean region of the USA should combine early planting, optimum RM cultivars, 457,000 seed ha−1 SR, and 31 cm RS to improve yield and profit compared to current management practices.

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