scholarly journals (384) Raisin Production of `Fiesta Seedless' on Freedom Rootstock under Different Plantation Densities

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069C-1069
Author(s):  
Manuelde Jesus Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽  
Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras ◽  
Fabián Robles-Contreras ◽  
Rubén Macias-Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Training System ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Nematode Control ◽  
Northwestern Mexico

Grape is one of the more important crops in northwestern Mexico (Sonora), especially for table grape. Although raisin production is a good option, it must be efficient and productive due to the problems of shortage and high cost of water, salinity, and nematodes. The objective of this research was the evaluation of `Fiesta Seedless' on Freedom rootstock for raisin production with different plantation densities. This study was carried out in the INIFAP Caborca research station in 2002. Four plant separations (1.0, 1.5, 1.7, and 2.0 m) were evaluated on furrows 4 m apart. Plants were grafted on Freedom rootstock in 1999. We also considered a control treatment (4 × 2 m on its own feet) and fertilized it with 80N–60P–80K. All experiments were carried out under the espalier training system with double crossbeam; watering was under a drip-irrigation system; and the statistical design was completely randomized. Statistical differences between the evaluated spacings were not observed, but all densities surpassed the control. Greatest yields were obtained with 1.5- and 1.7-m spacings, at 6.1 and 6.0 t·ha-1 of raisin, respectively, which were 2.2 t·ha-1 more than the control (3.8 t·ha-1). There were no differences in sugar content and harvest time, since all treatmens, including the control, were harvested at 24 °Brix. Freedom rootstock had 100% nematode control, 30% less water consumption, and was not fertilized.

scholarly journals (122) Productivity of `Superior Seedless' Grafted on Rootstocks Harmony and Freedom for Table Grape

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1068E-1069
Author(s):  
Manuel de Jesus Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽  
Fabián Robles-Contreras ◽  
Rubén Macias-Duarte ◽  
Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Northwest Mexico ◽  
Berry Size

Grapes are one of the more important fruit crops in northwest Mexico, mainly dedicated for the production of table grape, with the most important cultivar being `Superior Seedless'. The shortage and high cost of extraction of the water, infestation of nematodes, and salinity, are the main problems that limit the production in the region. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the productivity of `Superior Seedless' grafted on the rootstocks Harmony and Freedom. The present study was carried out in the INIFAP-Caborca Research Station in 2005, and consisted of 15 plants for treatment grafted to each rootstock. We used `Superior Seedless' in their own foot as control; watering was under a drip-irrigation system, and we used a completely randomized statistical design, where each plant was the experimental unit. Statistical differences were not observed in production among the two rootstocks (Freedom and Harmony), which yielded 2225 and 2112 boxes/ha, respectively (boxes of 10 kg) and an average of 1000 boxes/ha over the control. The quality (berry size and cluster weight) of the fruit on both rootstocks was superior to the control. They were no differences in the sugar content and the phonological stages (bud-break, flowering, and harvest time). In both rootstocks, we obtained 100% nematode control, a 35% savings of water consumption, and a 40% savings in fertilizer use.

scholarly journals (383) Effect of Harmony and Freedom Rootstocks on Yield and Quality of `Red Globe' Table Grapes

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069B-1069
Author(s):  
Manuelde Jesus Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽  
Fabián Robles-Contreras ◽  
Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras ◽  
Rubén Macias-Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Nematode Control ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Yield And Quality

The region of Caborca, Sonora, Mexico, is one of the main area producers of table grapes, in particular the cultivar Red Globe. However, the main problems in the region include shortage and high cost of water, nematode infestation, and salinity. The objective of the present research was to determine the behavior of `Red Globe' cultivated on the rootstocks Harmony and Freedom. This study was carried out in the INIFAP Caborca research station in the year 2002, and consisted of 10 plants for treatment (on each rootstock). When water was low, a drip irrigation system was used. There was a completely randomized statistical design. We observed no differences among the two rootstocks in the different phonological stages (budbreak, flowering, and harvest time). The results indicated statistical differences between the rootstocks. Yield was higher on Freedom rootstock, with 2120 boxes/ha (boxes of 10 kg), an average of 470 boxes/ha more than on Harmony rootstock. Freedom rootstock also improved the quality of the grape (better color, bigger size of berry, and clusters, and the foliage was also more developed with this rootstock). In both rootstocks, nematode control was 100%, 30% in water consumption, and no fertilizer was used.

scholarly journals Effect of the Harmony Rootstock on Yield and Qualiy `Flame Seedless' Table Grape

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 828D-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel de Jesus Valenzuela-Ruiz ◽  
Fabian Robles-Contreras ◽  
Raul Leonel Grijalva-Contreras* ◽  
Ruben Macias-Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Nematode Control ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Negative Effect

In the Northwest of Mexico, grape is one of the main crops, specially for table grape (18,000 ha), the `Flame seedless' is one of the important cultivars. Some of the main problems present in this region is the shortage and high cost of the water, nematode and salinity. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of `Harmony' rootstock on `Flame seedless' for table grape. This study was caried in the INIFAP Caborca during 2001 cycle and consisted of ten plants of `Flame Seedless' on `Harmony' rootstock and ten control plants under the drip irrigation system, the statistical design used was completely randomized. The results obtained observe not negative effect for the `Harmony' rootstock on the phenology of `Flame seedless' (budbreak, flowering and color develpment). The effect was positive since harvest date advanced in 4 days (4 June), where as the control harvest was in 8 June, as far as color were no differences, because both treatments colored well, as far as quality this was better on rootstock than that was not grafted (greather berry size and cluster uniformity). The yield was 1,200 boxes/ha when we used rootstock, 335 boxes more than control and obtaining a saving cost of 100% in the nematode control and 30% in water consumption.

scholarly journals Effect of 'Gutingen V' as an intensive training system on agromorphological characters of some apple cultivars in Karaj region of Iran

Genetika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Dadashpour ◽  
Alireza Talaei ◽  
Ali Shahi-Gharahlar
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Training System ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Apple Cultivars

V-shape systems represent an efficient and popular option to increase yields and fruit quality in fruit trees. Hence, this paper attempts to compare some vegetative and yield characteristics of five apple cultivars grown at horticultural research station in Karaj, Iran. The selected apple cultivars were included: 'Golab-kohans' (Iranian cultivar), 'Fuji', 'Gala', 'Starking' and 'Delbar estival' (commercial foreign cultivars) that were grafted on M.9 rootstock which were trained in a V system. All of these trees were planted in winter 2005. The time of irrigation started from the second experimental year after planting and the method of irrigation was drip irrigation system. Results showed that the 'Golab-kohans' had the most tree height (278.63 cm), trunk cross sectional area (7.308 cm2) and mean shoot length (100.58 cm). Also 'Delbar estival' had the most yield (0.98 kg), yield efficiency (0.550 kg/cm2). Consistently, Results revealed that among the investigated cultivars, 'Delbar estival' can be introduced as a prone and productive cultivar for V system in Karaj's climatic conditions.

ESTIMATION OF CONSUMPTIVE USE OF POTATO CROP PIANTED UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM BY USING SWRT TECHNOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
J.N. Abedalrahman ◽  
R.J. Mansor ◽  
D.R. Abass
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Spring Season

A field experiment was carried out in the field of the College of Agriculture / University of Wasit, located on longitude  45o   50o   33.5o   East and latitude 32o 29o 49.8o North, in Spring season of the agricultural season 2019, in order to estimate the water consumption of potato crop using SWRT technology and under the drip irrigation system. The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and four treatments that include of the SWRT treatment (the use of plastic films under the plant root area in an engineering style), and the treatment of vegetal fertilizer (using Petmos), organic fertilizer (sheep manure), and the control treatment . Potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.)  var. Burin was planted for spring season on 10/2/2019 at the soil depth of 5-10 cm. The highest reference water consumption for the potato crop during the season was calculated by Najeeb Kharufa, which was 663.03 mm. The highest actual water consumption for the potato crop during the season for the control treatment was 410.1 mm. The results showed increase in the values of the crop coefficient (Kc) in the stages of tubers formation and tubers filling stage as compared to the vegetative and ripening stages, ranged from 1.37-1.92 for the two stages of tubers formation and tubers filling. The SWRT treatment gave the highest water use efficiency during the season, was 3.46 kg m-3 .

scholarly journals Effects of cadmium stress on growth and physiological characteristics of sassafras seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyi Zhao ◽  
Juelan Guan ◽  
Qing Liang ◽  
Xueyuan Zhang ◽  
Hongling Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Gas Exchange

AbstractThe effects of cadmium stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of Sassafras tzumu Hemsl. were studied in pot experiments. Five Cd levels were tested [CT(Control Treatment) : 0 mg/kg, Cd5: 5 mg/kg, Cd20: 20 mg/kg, Cd50: 50 mg/kg, and Cd100: 100 mg/kg]. The growth and physiological characteristics of the sassafras seedlings in each level were measured. The results showed that soil Cd had negative influences on sassafras growth and reduced the net growth of plant height and the biomass of leaf, branch and root. Significant reductions were recorded in root biomass by 18.18%(Cd5), 27.35%(Cd20), 27.57%(Cd50) and 28.95%(Cd100). The contents of hydrogen peroxide decreased first then increased while malondialdehyde showed the opposite trend with increasing cadmium concentration. Decreases were found in hydrogen peroxide contents by 10.96%(Cd5), 11.82%(Cd20) and 7.02%(Cd50); increases were found in malondialdehyde contents by 15.47%(Cd5), 16.07%(Cd20) and 7.85%(Cd50), indicating that cadmium stress had a certain effect on the peroxidation of the inner cell membranes in the seedlings that resulted in damage to the cell membrane structure. Superoxide dismutase activity decreased among treatments by 17.05%(Cd5), 10,68%(Cd20), 20.85%(Cd50) and 8.91%(Cd100), while peroxidase activity increased steadily with increasing cadmium concentration; these results suggest that peroxidase is likely the main protective enzyme involved in the reactive oxygen removal system in sassafras seedlings. Upward trends were observed in proline content by 90.76%(Cd5), 74.36%(Cd20), 99.73%(Cd50) and 126.01%(Cd100). The increase in proline content with increasing cadmium concentration indicated that cadmium stress induced proline synthesis to resist osmotic stress in the seedlings. Compared to that in CT, the soluble sugar content declined under the different treatments by 32.84%(Cd5), 5.85%(Cd20), 25.55%(Cd50) and 38.69%(Cd100). Increases were observed in the soluble protein content by 2.34%(Cd5), 21.36%(Cd20), 53.15%(Cd50) and 24.22%(Cd100). At different levels of cadmium stress, the chlorophyll content in the seedlings first increased and then decreased, and it was higher in the Cd5 and Cd20 treatments than that in the CT treatment. These results reflected that cadmium had photosynthesis-promoting effects at low concentrations and photosynthesis-suppressing effects at high concentrations. The photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and photosynthetic light-response parameters showed downward trends with increasing cadmium concentration compared with those in CT; these results reflected the negative effects of cadmium stress on photosynthesis in sassafras seedlings.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF PLANT GROWTH INHIBITORS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SORGHUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1431-1440
Author(s):  
N. M. Abood ◽  
E. M. SHALAL ◽  
M. I. HAMDAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Growth Inhibitors ◽  
Plant Growth Inhibitors

Field experiment was carried out during the spring and fall seasons of 2019 at the Abu Ghraib Research Station of the Agricultural Research Office/ Ministry of Agriculture, was aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth inhibitors on growth and yield of several sorghum varieties .Randomized Complete Block Design within split plot arrangement with three replications was used. The main plot consists of three growth inhibitors (Cycocel, Ethiphon, and Mebiquat), which were added at stages six and eight leaf stage, in addition to the control treatment (distilled water only), the sub plot was included three cultivars (Mabrouk, Buhooth 70 and Giza 113). The results showed in both seasons significant interaction between cultivars and growth inhibitors in most of the studied traits. The plants of the variety Giza 113 sprayed with Ethiphon recorded the lowest period of reaching physiological maturity, the highest average dry matter yield, and the highest weight of 1000 grains (89.00 days, 17.32 ton ha-1, and 39.33 gm) respectively. The same variety recorded the highest content of chlorophyll in the leaves and the highest grain yield due to the effect of Mebiquat (49.50 spad, 3.93 ton ha-1. The cultivar Buhooth 70 with the effect of Cycocel achieved the highest average of dry matter yield of 33.27 ton ha-1.

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation and potassium application in melon (Cucumis melo L.) production. II: Quality

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ribas ◽  
M.J. Cabello ◽  
M.M. Moreno ◽  
A. Moreno ◽  
L. López-Bellido
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

The influence of different watering regimes and of potassium applications on the quality of the melon cultivar «Pielde Sapo» was studied over a two-year period (1995 and 1996). The statistical design was a split-plot with four replications,where irrigation was the main factor and applied potassium was the secondary factor. Water levels were determinedaccording to the watering needs (NRc) calculated on the basis of crop evapotranspiration. Four irrigationtreatments were tested: 1.25 NRc; 1.00 NRc; 0.75 NRc and 0.50 NRc. Two potassium treatments were applied: K0 (0UF) and K1 (375 UF K2O in 1995 and 2 L ha–1 of a commercial product for spraying 20% of K2O in 1996). The potassiumdoses tested did not significantly influence any of the quality parameters studied except for flesh firmness inthe placenta area in 1995. Both in 1995 and 1996, the water deficit significantly reduced fruit size and flesh thickness.The severe water restriction caused a strict decrease in the percentage of fruits with recorded weight above 2.5kg. However, the weight percentage of the placenta plus the seeds in relation to the whole fruit, and the sugar content,both increased significantly in water deficient treatments. In 1995, skin thickness decreased with less irrigation whileflesh firmness increased. Following quality concerns, and in order to obtain large fruits with appropriate levels ofsugar, it is advisable to provide water amounts that meet the crop’s watering needs

scholarly journals The Effect of Amino Acids and The Date of Planting on Yield and Some Yield Components of Three Maize Varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
Y A Al-Janabi ◽  
N M Abood ◽  
M I Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Biological Yield

Abstract The experiment was carried out according to the randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) and the arrangement of split-split plot with three replications, at the Field Crops Research Station of the Agricultural Research Department - Abu Ghraib during the spring season for the years 2019 and 2020. With the aim of studying the effect of amino acids, planting dates and their effect on some of the yield characteristics and its components for three varieties of maize in the spring season. Planting dates (March 15, March 25 and April 5) occupied the main plots, while amino acids and the control treatment (proline, arginine, and distilled water) occupied the sub-plot, whereas the varieties (Rabi, Baghdad 3 and Fajr 1) occupied the sub-sub-plot, and the most important results were summarized as follows:The two cultivars, Rabi and Fajr-1, achieved a significant increase in most of the yield characteristics and its components for the seasons. The addition of the amino acid proline also led to a significant increase in most of the studied traits (the number of grains in ear, weight of 500 grains, total grain and biological yield, and harvest index), planting dates also have a significant effect on most of the studied traits. The first date (15/3) recorded increase in the number of grains per ear, the weight of 500 grams, and the grain and biological yield. The plants of the Rabi variety when cultivated on March 15 th and sprayed with the amino acid proline achieved the highest average for the grain yield, which reached 7.48 ton. ha-1 for spring 2019.

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation System and Soil Conditioners on Growth and Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Cultivated in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed Omer ◽  
Saber Hendawy ◽  
Abdel Nasser ElGendy ◽  
Alberto Mannu ◽  
Giacomo L. Petretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Soil Conditioners ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

A relevant improvement of the cultivar conditions of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in desert areas was achieved by a specific combination between irrigation system and soil conditioner. A drastic reduction of water employment was obtained without affect the quality of the plants, determined by monitoring growth parameters and essential oil characteristics. In particular, the effect of surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems and different soil conditioners on growth parameters, yield, and essential oil constituents of rosemary plant was assessed. Field experiments at the Agricultural Research Station (Al-Adlya farm), SEKEM group Company, El-Sharkiya Governorate, Egypt, conducted over the two seasons revealed the effectiveness of the subsurface irrigation system in obtaining better performances, especially in terms of water saving. The combination of subsurface irrigation and the conditioner Hundz soil with bentonite showed the maximum mean values of growth characters compared with other soil amendments during both seasons. The possibility to employ a water-saving irrigation system as the subsurface one without any drawback in the resulting plants was also explored in terms of molecular composition. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil extracted from plants growth under different irrigation conditions revealed a comparable composition in both cases. The goodness of the most performing system was also confirmed by the comparable yield of the essential oil.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document