Substrate pH Affects Nutrient Availability in Fertilized Douglas Fir Bark Substrates

An experiment was conducted to determine how pH and nutrient availability in douglas fir bark (DFB) substrates respond to lime and sulfur (S) rates. The treatment design was a two-by-nine factorial arrangement with two substrate types and nine pH-altering amendments. The two substrates were 100% DFB or 75 DFB:15 sphagnum peatmoss:10 pumice (by volume). Substrate pH-altering amendments included elemental S amended at either 0.6 or 2.4 kg·m−3; calcium carbonate amended at 0.6, 1.5, and 5.9 kg·m−3; calcium hydroxide amended at 4.4, 8.9, or 23.7 kg·m−3; and a nonamended control. All substrates were amended by incorporating 0.9 kg·m−3 Micromax micronutrients before potting and topdressing 8 g/pot of 14N–4.2P–11.6K Osmocote controlled-release fertilizer after potting. A group of controls was also maintained for each substrate that received no fertilizer amendment (no S, lime, Micromax, or Osmocote). Four containers of each treatment were randomly selected and harvested 4 and 8 weeks after potting. Amendment with S decreased pH with increasing rate, whereas both lime types increased pH with increasing rate. The two substrates in general responded similarly to S and lime amendments, although there were some significant effects and interactions caused by substrate type. Ammonium-N and NO3-N both decreased exponentially with increasing substrate pH, whereas water-extractable phosphorus decreased linearly with increasing pH. Water-extractable potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium responded quadratically to increasing pH by initially decreasing and then increasing. The micronutrients boron and iron decreased with increasing pH, whereas DTPA extractions of manganese, zinc, and copper initially increased and then decreased over the range of observed pH.

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Nutrient Availability from Douglas Fir Bark in Response to Substrate pH

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.43.2.478 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 478-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

James E. Altland ◽

M. Gabriela Buamscha

Keyword(s):

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Nutrient Availability ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Lime Treatment ◽

Iron Copper ◽

Overhead Irrigation ◽

Saturated Media ◽

Influence Of Substrate ◽

Substrate Ph ◽

Water Extractable

Two studies were conducted to determine the influence of substrate pH on nutrient availability in Douglas fir bark. Douglas fir bark was amended with either calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] at 13 rates to generate substrates with low to high pH. A nonamended control was also maintained. The substrates received no other fertilizer amendments. Substrates were filled into nursery containers (2.8 L) and maintained in a nursery setting with 1.2 cm·d−1 overhead irrigation. At 1 and 6 weeks after potting, four containers of each lime treatment were harvested to determine substrate pH and availability of 13 nutrients. Substrate solutions used for analysis were obtained with the saturated media extract method. Water-extractable phosphorus and DTPA-extractable boron, iron, copper, and aluminum decreased with increasing substrate pH. Other nutrients were either nonresponsive to substrate pH or the observed response was deemed more likely caused by calcium competition on cation exchange sites.

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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHOLE GRAINS IN COMMON BEANS LANDRACES AND BREEDING GENOTYPES

HOLOS - ISSN 1807-1600 ◽

10.15628/holos.2015.1996 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 81 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gilberto Antonio Peripolli Bevilaqua ◽

Iraja Ferreira Antunes

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Composition ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Manganese Zinc ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

The Common ◽

Iron Manganese ◽

Insoluble Fiber

The common bean has been object of breeding programs aiming the development of new cultivars adapted to varied production system and shown differentiated nutritional characteristics. Due a genetic diversity existent the landraces can be used directly for cropping, for present characteristics desirable. Little information exists about mineral content and other quality traits for those bean landraces. The aim of this paper was to verify the variability for grain nutricional caracters in breeding cultivars and landraces of bean from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 2009/2010 in Experimental Station Cascata, of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture. In whole grain of 54 bean genotypes with black and no black coat were determined macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, calcium, magnesium and sulfur), oligoelements (iron, manganese, zinc and cuprum), protein and ash content, insoluble fiber, digestive nutrient and antioxidant astragalina. The results shown that the landraces varieties presents nutritional composition of macro and oligoelements, fibers, protein and ash contents in whole grain similar than that of breeding lines and cultivars. The black coat grain from breeding programs showed better nutritional quality for macro and oligoelements content than coloured grain, highlighting TB 02-04 e TB 01-01. The landraces with coloured grains TB 02-26, TB 02-24 and TB 03-13 showed the high levels of astragaline.

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MAJOR AND MINOR ELEMENT STATUS OF HEALTHY AND UNHEALTHY ALFALFA

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps58-038 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 241-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K. S. MacLean ◽

W. M. Langille

Keyword(s):

Plant Tissue ◽

Minor Element ◽

Critical Levels ◽

Minor Elements ◽

Manganese Zinc ◽

Calcium Magnesium

A study was made of the major and minor element status of healthy and unhealthy alfalfa. Elements determined were calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, molybdenum, manganese, zinc and boron. Unhealthy alfalfa was found to be deficient in potassium and/or boron, the critical levels being 1 per cent and 20 parts per million respectively.The levels of other major and minor elements were similar in both healthy and unhealthy plants. Available soil boron was apparently positively correlated with plant tissue boron.

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Suitability of pine bark to evaluate pollution caused by cement-lime dust

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/10166-jfs ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 52 (Special Issue) ◽

pp. S93-S98 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Świercz

Keyword(s):

Pine Bark ◽

Test Results ◽

Administrative District ◽

Air Contamination ◽

Dust Fall ◽

Manganese Zinc ◽

Forested Areas ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Variable Content ◽

The Impact

The aim of this paper is to show the application of pine bark to indicate the level of air contamination by cement-lime dust and to determine the impact range of cement plants. The pine bark was analyzed in the forested formed around three cement plants in the Świętokrzyski administrative district (South of Poland). The test results were compared with the results gained from the controlled forested areas, free from alkali contamination. The strongly alkali areas show high pHH2O of bark in the range of 7.2–8.5 and low coefficient of change v% = 2.2. The pine bark values of pHH2O in the alkali areas are on average 2.5 times as high as those achieved in the controlled area (natural pH of bark shows the range of 2.8–3.5). On the basis of the measurements of pHH2O there are five alkali-forested spheres determined. The existence of the forest spheres confirms the variable mineral composition of the bark, and first of all the variable content of calcium, magnesium, potassium, aluminium, manganese, zinc and iron as a function of the distance from the emitter and real dust fall.

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Evaluation of mineral and heavy metal contents in Croatian blackberry wines

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/132/2009-cjfs ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 29 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 260-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

D. Amidžić Klarić ◽

I. Klarić ◽

D. Velić ◽

I. Vedrina Dragojević

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Point Of View ◽

Anthropogenic Source ◽

Cobalt Chromium ◽

Manganese Zinc ◽

Metal Contents ◽

Copper Manganese ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Manganese Magnesium

The mineral and heavy metal contents in 17 commercially available Croatian blackberry wines were determined by FAAS/FAES and GFAAS. The concentrations of potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt, chromium, and cadmium were between (in mg/l) 924–1507, 11.81–120.10, 86.4–457.1, 183.4–381.2, 0.082–6.273, 0.058–0.767, 1.47–11.53, 0.247–6.645, and (in µg/l) 3.21–11.89, 10.08–15.88, and 0.55–9.9, respectively. A negative correlation was found between the concentrations of macro (Mg) and micro (Fe) minerals. Furthermore, positive correlations were observed between the concentrations of manganese, cadmium, and cobalt that indicated the origin of these elements in the anthropogenic source. Multivariate analyses (PCA/LDA) showed that the distinct patterns of the metal contents in blackberry wines could be identified with quite satisfactory accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) with the subregion of the origin. In regard to the results obtained, Croatian blackberry wines could be considered as safe from the health risk point of view and as a good additional source of the essential nutrients investigated such as manganese, magnesium, and potassium.

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Initial quantitative characterization of soil nutrient regimes. II. Relationships among soils, vegetation, and site index

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x87-240 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 1565-1571 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

R. D. Kabzems ◽

K. Klinka

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Nutrient Availability ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Site Index ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Understory Vegetation ◽

Moisture Regime ◽

Soil Nutrient Availability ◽

Total N ◽

Highly Correlated

Relationships between soil properties, understory vegetation, foliar properties, and site index were examined in some Douglas-fir ecosystems on Vancouver Island. Multivariate summaries of variation in understory vegetation and foliar properties were highly correlated with the soil properties (mineralizable N, total N, and exchangeable Ca and Mg) that best characterized soil nutrient regimes of the ecosystems. The increases in soil nutrient availability were correlated with increased foliar N concentrations of the current year foliage. A consistent correlation was found between increased soil nutrient availability (particularly N, Mg, Ca) and decreased foliar Mn and Al. Site index of Douglas-fir was significantly greater on sites with greater quantities of most nutrients (particularly N, Mg, Ca) when sites with equivalent soil moisture regime were compared.

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Distribution of benthic centric diatom Pleurosira laevis (Compère, 1982) in different substrate type and physical and chemical variables

Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia ◽

10.1590/s2179-975x2416 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Moslem Sharifinia ◽

Zohreh Ramezanpour ◽

Javid Imanpour Namin

Keyword(s):

Relative Abundance ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Centric Diatom ◽

Substrate Type ◽

Field Surveys ◽

Physical And Chemical Variables ◽

Phosphate Silicate ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Substrate Types

Abstract: Aim This contribution reports the first regional occurrence of Pleurosira laevis in the Masuleh River, Iran and additionally describes the pattern of occurrence along the Masuleh River and among four substrate types. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of substrate type and physical and chemical variables on distribution of centric diatom P. laevis. Methods At each station, triplicate samples were collected from 4 substrata. Epilithic (assemblages on rock), epidendric (assemblages on wood), epipsammic (assemblages on sand), and epipelic (assemblages on mud) diatom and water quality sampling was done four times at 5 stations. Physical and chemical variables including total nitrate, total phosphate, silicate, Fe2+, EC, and pH were also determined. Samples preserved in 2% for formalin solution and transferred to the laboratory, boiled with acid (HNO3: H2SO4; 2:1), centrifuged, identified, and counted. Cluster analysis was performed to indicate the main differences and similarities in diatom abundance amongst substrates sampled and amongst sampling stations. Results The highest (12.54 ± 1.54) and lowest (0.74 ± 0.10) abundance was obtained from wooden and muddy substrates at stations S5 and S4, respectively. The highest abundance was observed in the wooden substrate among all of sampling stations where showed significant differences (P < 0.05) with the other substrates. The hierarchical clustering based on relative abundance of P. laevis distinguished two clusters amongst the four substrate types. Rougher and more stable substrates (wood, sand, and stone) clearly separated from smooth and unstable substrates (mud). Based on relative abundance of P. laevis on rougher substrates, epidendric and epipsammic species had the highest similarity. Results of Pearson correlation showed that relative abundance of P. laevis had a significant correlation with EC, TN, TP, and Fe2+ concentrations (P < 0.05) whilst no significant correlation was observed with pH, temperature, and SiO2 concentration (P > 0.05). Conclusion We conclude that wood substrata can be substituted for one another during field surveys. Results from this study demonstrate that the type and roughness of the substrate both influence the attachment of P. laevis and its subsequent growth conditions.

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Carbon Dynamics of Rocky Mountain Douglas-Fir: Influence of Water and Nutrient Availability

Ecological Monographs ◽

10.2307/2937170 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 43-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 252

Author(s):

Stith T. Gower ◽

Kristiina A. Vogt ◽

Charles C. Grier

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Availability ◽

Rocky Mountain ◽

Carbon Dynamics ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Influence Of Water

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Substrate Type and Temperature on Germination Parameters of Butterfly Pea

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech04583-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 398-403

Author(s):

Sean M. Campbell ◽

Brian J. Pearson ◽

S. Christopher Marble

Keyword(s):

Commercial Production ◽

Plant Production ◽

Leguminous Plant ◽

Natural Food ◽

Substrate Type ◽

Germination Time ◽

Germination Process ◽

Butterfly Pea ◽

Soilless Substrate ◽

Substrate Types

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) is a unique perennial and leguminous plant that produces brightly colored flowers that can be used as a pH-dependent natural food colorant in culinary and cosmetic preparations. Butterfly pea is commonly propagated from seed. Because of the increased interest in its commercial applications, effective production techniques are necessary to ensure consistent and successful commercial production. The objective of this research was to determine the influence of the substrate type and temperature on butterfly pea germination. Two substrate types (rockwool and commercial soilless substrate mix) and three temperatures (70, 80, and 90 °F) were evaluated to determine their effects on germination of butterfly pea seed. Collected and calculated germination data included germination capacity (G), mean germination time (MT), coefficient of variation of the germination time (cvt), mean germination rate (MR), uncertainty of the germination process (U), and synchrony of the germination process (Z). Differences were observed among substrate temperatures for the MT, cvt, and MR values, with germination greater at both 70 and 80 °F than at 90 °F. Similarly, significant differences among substrate types were observed for the G, MT, cvt, and MR values, with germination of seeds in rockwool outperforming seeds in soilless substrate mix. Because of the high priority for successful and uniform germination in commercial plant production operations, the results suggest that commercial germination of butterfly pea would be best in rockwool at 70 °F. Results of this study can be used for the commercial production of butterfly pea, for which propagation from seed is the primary means of plant production.

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