Soaking Temperature of Dried Tuberous Roots Influences Hydration Kinetics and Growth of Ranunculus asiaticus (L.)

The published literature is inconsistent with recommendations for hydrating Ranunculus asiaticus (L.) dried tuberous roots, a common practice in commercial production systems for this ornamental geophyte. Imbibition rate increased with hydration temperature but to lower equilibrium moisture content than when hydrated at cooler temperatures. In the greenhouse, survival was predicted to be greatest when tubers were hydrated at 20 °C. Plant height, visual quality, and foliar dry weight followed a similar trend 4 weeks after planting. These results demonstrate that a hydration temperature between 15 and 25 °C is required to obtain good quality when growing R. asiaticus from its dried tuberous roots.

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354 REDUCING ROOTING-OUT PROBLEMS IN POT-IN-POT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.481d ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 481d-481

Author(s):

John M. Ruter

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Production Systems ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Weight Percent ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Copper Hydroxide ◽

Latex Paint ◽

Commercial Formulation ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight

A study was conducted with Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei `Acom a' to evaluate methods for reducing rooting-out problems in a PIP production system. The products tested were Biobarrier™, a geotextile fabric impregnated with trifluralin; Root Control'” fabric bag material; and Spin Out™, a commercial formulation of copper hydroxide (7.1%) in latex paint. Biobarrier™ reduced plant height, shoot dry weight, percent root dry weight outside of the planted container and total biomass compared to the non-treated control. For the control, 7.1% of the total root dry weight was found between the holder pot and planted container compared to 0.2% for the Biobarrier™ treatment. When the holder pot and planted container or the planted container and Root Control™ fabric were both treated with Spin Out™, plant height and shoot dry weight were reduced. Spin Out™ reduced root circling on the sidewalls of the planted containers but not on the bottom of the containers. All treatments except the control reduced rooting-out to a degree that allowed for the manual harvesting of the planted container from the holder pot after seven months in the field.

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Manipulation of Light Environment to Produce High-quality Poinsettia Plants

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.44.3.702 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 702-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Diego A. Mata ◽

Javier F. Botto

Keyword(s):

Light Quality ◽

Production Systems ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Commercial Production ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽

Additive Effects ◽

Transparent Film ◽

Lateral Branches

The phytochromes, a family of photoreceptors that maximally absorb red (R) and far-red (FR) light, play an important role in defining the architecture of the plant and consequently its value in the market. In this work, we evaluated the manipulation of light quality as an alternative to the use of plant growth regulators (PGRs) to produce poinsettia plants (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch) without affecting commercial quality parameters. ‘Freedom Red’ poinsettia plants were cultivated in two light environments characterized by different R/FR ratios in combination with or without one application of PGR. We used a photoselective film that significantly reduced the FR component of the light and a transparent film to obtain high and low R/FR ratios (5.7 and 1.1, respectively). Plants cultivated under a high R/FR ratio were shorter and more compact than those grown under transparent film. Other quality characters like bract and leaf area, dry weight, stem diameter, number of lateral branches, and plant width did not differ significantly between light treatments. Flowering time was slightly delayed in plants grown under a high R/FR ratio compared with those cultivated under the control treatment. Additive effects were detected between light quality and PGR factors indicating that light quality manipulation is an alternative strategy to reduce or to replace the use of PGRs in commercial production systems that usually require several PGR applications.

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Tolerance of Otebo Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to New Herbicides in Ontario

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-05-144.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 862-866 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Peter H. Sikkema ◽

Darren E. Robinson ◽

Christy Shropshire ◽

Nader Soltani

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Plant Height ◽

Weed Management ◽

Safety Margin ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Trials ◽

High Rate ◽

Seed Moisture Content ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Seed Moisture

Weed management is a major production issue facing otebo bean growers in Ontario. Field trials were conducted at six Ontario locations during a 2-yr period (2003 and 2004) to evaluate the tolerance of otebo bean to the preplant incorporated (PPI) application of EPTC at 4,400 and 8,800 g ai/ha, trifluralin at 1,155 and 2,310 g ai/ha, dimethenamid at 1,250 and 2,500 g ai/ha,S-metolachlor at 1,600 and 3,200 g ai/ha, and imazethapyr at 75 and 150 g ai/ha. EPTC, trifluralin, dimethenamid, andS-metolachlor applied PPI resulted in minimal (less than 5%) visual injury and with exception of the low rate of dimethenamid causing a 16% reduction in shoot dry weight and the high rate causing an 8% plant height reduction had no adverse effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, seed moisture content, and yield. Imazethapyr applied PPI caused up to 7% visual injury and reduced plant height, shoot dry weight, and yield 8, 18, and 12% at 75 g/ha and 19, 38, and 27% at 150 g/ ha, respectively. Seed moisture content was also reduced by 0.4% with both rates. Based on these results, otebo bean is not tolerant of imazethapyr applied PPI at rates as low as 75 g/ha, the proposed use rate. EPTC, trifluralin, dimethenamid, andS-metolachlor applied PPI have a 2× rate crop safety margin for use in otebo bean weed management.

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Tolerance of White Beans to Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-03-043r3 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 893-901 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Peter H. Sikkema ◽

Nader Soltani ◽

Christy Shropshire ◽

Todd Cowan

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Plant Height ◽

Weed Control ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seed Moisture Content ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Seed Moisture ◽

White Bean

Weed control in white beans is currently limited by the small number of registered herbicides. The tolerance of two white bean cultivars, ‘AC Compass’ and ‘OAC Thunder’, to various postemergence (POST) herbicides at the maximum use rate and twice the maximum use rate for soybean or corn was evaluated at two Ontario locations in 2001 and 2002. Generally, the two cultivars did not differ in their response to the POST herbicides. POST applications of imazamox plus fomesafen, imazamox plus bentazon, and cloransulam-methyl decreased plant height, shoot dry weight, and yield by as much as 29, 41, and 55%, respectively, and increased seed moisture content up to 3.9%. POST applications of thifensulfuron, chlorimuron, and bromoxynil decreased plant height as much as 57%, shoot dry weight by up to 71%, yield as much as 93% and increased seed moisture content up to 15.5%. Based on these results, AC Compass and OAC Thunder white beans do not possess sufficient tolerance to support the registration of imazamox plus bentazon, imazamox plus fomesafen, cloransulam-methyl, thifensulfuron, chlorimuron, and bromoxynil.

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Storage Temperature and Moisture Content Affect Respiration and Survival of Ranunculus asiaticus Dry Tuberous Roots

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.46.11.1523 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (11) ◽

pp. 1523-1527 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Christopher B. Cerveny ◽

William B. Miller ◽

Alan G. Taylor

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Glycerol Water ◽

Water Solutions ◽

Tuberous Roots ◽

Ranunculus Asiaticus ◽

Flow Through ◽

Closed Systems

Ranunculus asiaticus (L.) is an ornamental geophyte with some commercial production challenges presumed to be related to the storage of its desiccation tolerant tuberous roots (TRs). We investigated the influence of temperature and relative humidity during storage on viability of R. asiaticus TRs. The TRs were stored in specialized chambers for controlling relative humidity under flow-through or closed systems. In the flow-through system, air was bubbled through glycerol–water solutions to create relative humidities of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, or 100% and then passed through storage chambers held at 5, 20, or 35 °C for up to 20 weeks. In closed storage, tissue was equilibrated to a given moisture content (fresh basis) at 15 °C by suspending TRs over glycerol–water solutions (35%, 60%, or 85% relative humidity) with fans to circulate air. These containers were closed for 4 weeks and then tissue was transferred to sealed jars for up to 17 weeks at 5 or 25 °C. In both systems, TRs held with elevated temperature and relative humidity had the largest decrease in percent survival when planted after storage. Flow-through storage gave greater variability in TRs moisture content than closed storage. Tuberous roots at 25 °C had higher respiration rates than at 5 °C under closed storage; elevated moisture content also led to increased respiration. From these results it can be concluded that R. asiaticus dry TRs should be stored cool and dry for long-term viability.

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COTTON GIN TRASH AS A CONSTITUENT OF BEDDING PLANT MEDIA

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.28.4.273f ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 273F-273

Author(s):

Allen D. Owings

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Visual Quality ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Pine Bark ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Greenhouse Study ◽

Quality Ratings ◽

Bedding Plant ◽

Potting Media ◽

Cotton Gin

A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the influence of media containing varying volumetric proportions of composted cotton gin trash and pine bark on the growth of Coleus × hybridus 'Golden Bedder'. All media treatments were amended with 1.5 lbs/yd3 Micromax and 8 lbs/yd3 dolomite. Plant height, shoot dry weight, and visual quality ratings were determined six weeks after potting. Media composed of 100% cotton gin trash produced plants with significantly less height and shoot dry weight. Height inhibition was apparent by 3 weeks after potting. Coleus grown in media composed of 60-1002 pine bark had higher visual quality ratings than those grown in media having cotton gin trash as the primary constituent.

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Evaluation of Control Strategies for Reducing Rooting-Out Problems in Pot-In-Pot Production Systems

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-12.1.51 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 51-54

Author(s):

John M. Ruter

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Production Systems ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Weight Percent ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Copper Hydroxide ◽

Latex Paint ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Research has shown that a problem in pot-in-pot (PIP) production systems has been the growth of roots out of the planted container, through holes in the holder pot and into the surrounding soil. A study was conducted with Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei ‘Acoma’ to evaluate methods for reducing rooting-out problems in a PIP production system. The products tested were Biobarrier™, a geotextile fabric impregnated with trifluralin; Root Control™ fabric bag material; and Spin Out™, a commercial formulation of copper hydroxide (7.1%) in latex paint. Biobarrier™ reduced plant height, shoot dry weight, percent root dry weight outside of the planted container and total biomass compared to the non-treated control. For the control, 7.1% of the total root dry weight was found between the holder pot and planted container compared to 0.2% for the Biobarrier™ treatment. When the holder pot and planted container or the planted container and Root Control™ fabric were both treated with Spin Out™, plant height and shoot dry weight were reduced. Spin Out™ reduced root circling on the sidewalls of the planted containers but not on the bottom of the containers. All treatments except the control reduced rooting-out to a degree which allowed for the manual harvesting of the planted container from the holder pot after seven months in the field.

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Reducing Substrate Moisture Content (SMC) during Greenhouse Production and Postproduction of Angelonia and Heliotrope Improves Crop Quality and Economic Value

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci12910-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (7) ◽

pp. 1006-1011

Author(s):

Yanjun Guo ◽

Terri Starman ◽

Charles Hall

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Economic Value ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Visual Quality ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Production Costs ◽

Greenhouse Production ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Total Plant ◽

Substrate Moisture

Retail environments are rarely optimal for ornamental plants, and wilting caused by water stress is a major cause of postproduction shrinkage. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of two levels of substrate moisture content (SMC) applied during greenhouse production on angelonia (Angelonia angustifolia) ‘Angelface Blue’ and heliotrope (Heliotropium arborescens) ‘Simply Scentsational’ growth and physiological parameters and subsequent postproduction quality during simulated retail conditions. At the end of production, angelonia total plant shoot dry weight (DW) was reduced with 20% SMC compared with 40% SMC, and plants grown with 20% SMC had higher shoot coloring percentage, reduced internode length, and required less irrigation labor–related costs compared with 40% SMC. Heliotrope grown at 20% SMC produced the same size plant as 40% SMC, but had a higher shoot coloring percentage at the end of production and postproduction, indicating lower SMC resulted in higher visual quality compared with 40% SMC. For both species, 20% SMC increased plant visual quality compared with 40% SMC and reduced irrigation water input throughout production, resulting in reduced production costs and increased floral crop economic value.

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THE EFFECT OF SALINITY OF IRRIGATION WATER AND SPRAYING BY HUMIC ACID IN SOME OF MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Iraqi Journal of Desert Studies ◽

10.36531/ijds/20100101 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

E. K. Al-Fahdawe ◽

A. A. Al-Sumaidaie ◽

Y. K. Al-Hadithy

Keyword(s):

Humic Acid ◽

Plant Height ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium

A pots experiment was conducted at the Department of Biology/College of Education for Girls/University of Anbar during Autumn season of 2018-2019 to study the effect of the salinity irrigation water and spray by humic acid in some of morphological, physiological, growth and yield traits of wheat cv. IPa. The experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was assigned for irrigation by saline water at four level (S0, S1, S2 and S3), while the second factor was the foliar spraying of humic acid in three level (0.0, 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1). The results showed that there was significant reduction in plant height, vegetative dry weight, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content when the plants were irrigated by saline water approached to 41.09 cm, 0.747 g, 0.849 g plant-1 and 38.67 SPAD, respectively at salinity level of 8.3 ds m-1 compared with the plants which irrigated by fresh water. The total carbohydrates were significantly decreased at the treatment of 8.3 ds m-1 reached 18.71 mg g-1. Spray levels humic acid achieved a significant increase in plant height, dry weight of the vegetative part, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content sprayed at 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1 compared to no sprayed. Nitrogen concentration was significantly increased, while both phosphorus and potassium were decreased in the vegetative parts of wheat as the salinity of irrigation water increased. However, the increase of humic acid levels led to significant increasing in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration.

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Effects of an Autoregulatory Senescence-inhibitor Gene Construct on Nicotiana alata Link and Otto.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.519d ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 519d-519 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kenneth R. Schroeder ◽

Dennis P. Stimart

Keyword(s):

Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽

Plant Height ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Nicotiana Alata ◽

Wild Type ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Delayed Senescence ◽

Gene Construct ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Inhibitor System

Nicotiana alata Link and Otto. was transformed via Agrobacterium tumefaciens encoding a senescence-specific promoter SAG12 cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana fused to a Agrobacterium tumefaciens gene encoding isopentenyl transferase (IPT) that catalyzes cytokinin synthesis. This was considered an autoregulatory senescence-inhibitor system. In 1996, we reported delayed senescence of intact flowers by 2 to 6 d and delayed leaf senescence of transgenic vs. wild-type N. alata. Further evaluations in 1997 revealed several other interesting effects of the SAG12-IPT gene construct. Measurement of chlorophyll content of mature leaves showed higher levels of both chlorophyll a and b in transgenic material under normal fertilization and truncated fertilization regimes. At 4 to 5 months of age transgenic plants expressed differences in plant height, branching, and dry weight. Plant height was reduced by 3 to 13 cm; branch counts increased 2 to 3 fold; and shoot dry weight increased up to 11 g over wild-type N. alata. These observations indicate the system is not tightly autoregulated and may prove useful to the floriculture industry for producing compact and more floriferous plants.

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