scholarly journals Comparisons of Water Content of Growing Media and Growth of Potted Kalanchoe Among Nutrient-flow Wick Culture and Other Irrigation Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Min Oh ◽  
Young Yeol Cho ◽  
Kee Sung Kim ◽  
Jung Eek Son
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Nutrient Flow ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Pot Size ◽  
The Media ◽  
Water Contents

To determine the adequate irrigation conditions in a nutrient-flow wick culture (NFW) system, the water contents of root media were analyzed with different wick lengths (2 and 3 cm), pot sizes (6-, 10-, and 15-cm diameter), and media compositions (mixtures of 5 peatmoss : 5 perlite and 7 peatmoss : 3 perlite). The growth of potted ‘New Alter’ kalanchoe (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana) in the NFW system was also compared with that of plants grown in other irrigation systems, such as nutrient-stagnant wick culture and ebb-and-flow culture. All factors, such as wick length, pot size, and medium composition, influenced the water content of the medium in the NFW system. Pots that included more peatmoss with a shorter wick could easily take up the nutrient solution. The water content of the media increased by more than 8% and 5% in 2- and 3-cm wick lengths within 15 minutes respectively. The fluctuation of water content became greater with a decrease of pot size in the NFW system. Kalanchoe plants grew well in the NFW system with four irrigations for 15 min per day each. The dry weight and leaf area of the plants were higher in the NFW system (4×) and considerably lower in the NFW system with two irrigations for 15 min per day each. Therefore, more precise irrigation is required in the NFW system than in other systems.

scholarly journals A linear model for leaf area measurement to screen potential leaf material for herbal drug in Adhatoda vasica L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
J. V. Thaker ◽  
R. P. Kuvad ◽  
V. S. Thaker
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Adhatoda Vasica ◽  
Linear Correlations

Leaf area is an important parameter in physiology and agronomy studies. Linear models for leaf area measurement are developed for plant species as a nondestructive method. The plant Adhatoda vasica L. (a medicinal plant) was selected and the leaves of this plant were used for development of linear model for leaf area using Leaf Area Meter (LAM) software. Planimetric parameters (length, length2, width and width2) and gravimetric (dry weight and water content) parameters are considered for the development of linear model for this plant species. Single factor ANOVA and linear correlations were worked out using these parameters and leaf area. The plant was showed significant relationship with the parameters studied. The best correlation as represented by regression coefficient (R2) was used and improved R2 is worked out. It is observed that with increase in leaf area, water content is also increased and showed best correlation with the leaf area. Thus water content can be taken as a parameter for developing linear model for leaf area is concluded.

scholarly journals 822 PB 269 PINE BARK SOIL AMENDMENTS AND NUTRITION AFFECT GROWTH AND DROUGHT TOLERANCE OF VIBURNUM PLICATUM VAR. TOMENTOSUM `MARIESII'

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 551b-551
Author(s):  
Carleton B Wood ◽  
Timothy J. Smalley ◽  
Mark Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Ammonium Toxicity ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiencies ◽  
Water Contents

Container-grown Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum `Mariesii' were planted in tilled beds and tilled beds amended with aged pine bark. After transplanting, plants were fertilized at three different rates: no fertilizer, 18.4 g of N m-2, and 36.8 g of N m-2. A 31 day drought was begun 73 days after planting. Fertilization of tilled plots induced ammonium toxicity, which caused a linear reduction in leaf area, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight. Fertilization of amended plots had no effect on shoot growth but reduced mot growth by 54%; thus, amendments ameliorated ammonium toxicity. Between 10 and 28 days after beginning the drought, plants in unfertilized-amended plots maintained higher relative leaf water contents (RLWC) and relative leaf expansion rates (RLER) than plants in unfertilized-tilled plots. Amendment induced nitrogen deficiencies contributed to the increased drought tolerance of plants from unfertilized-amended plots. Since fertilized plants developed symptoms of ammonium toxicity, we were unable to determine if increasing fertility would counteract the drought tolerance conferred by pine bark soil amendments.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN HARA MIKRO MELALUI MEDIA DAN DAUN PADA TANAMAN KANGKUNG (Ipomea reptans Poir)

Agrin ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Bhaskara Anggarda Gathot Subrata ◽  
Stefany Darsan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Media ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian hara mikro melalui akar dan daun. Penelitiandilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal. Perlakuan berupa kontrol,pupuk mikro lewat media, pupuk mikro lewat daun. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang 6 kali. Media tanam berupapasir yang sudah dimasukan ke dalam bak penanaman, setelah itu tanam benih kangkung dengan jarak 10x10 cmpada setiap bak. Lalu aplikasikan pupuk melalui media atau daun seminggu sekali. Pengamatan yang dilakukanmeliputi tinggi tanaman dan kehijauan daun dengan SPAD 502 untuk tiap minggunya; aktivitas nitrate reduktase,kandungan klorofil a, klorofil b, dan klorofil total, bobot kering batang, bobot kering tajuk, bobot kering daun,bobot kering akar, luas daun (LD), serta analisis pertumbuhan tanaman, meliputi nisbah laju daun (NLD), luasdaun khas (LDK), bobot daun khas (BDK). Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, pemberian pupuk cairmelalui media maupun daun belum mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kangkung. Perlakuanpada daun cenderung menunjukan hasil yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan pada media pada semuaparameter pengamatan.Kata kunci: efektivitas, hara mikro, akar dan daunABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to know the effectiveness of micro nutrient giving through root and leaf. Theresearch was conducted by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of single factor. Treatment of control,micro-fertilizer through the media, micro-fertilizer through the leaves. Each treatment was repeated 6 times.Planting media in the form of sand that has been inserted into the tub of planting, after that plant the seeds ofkangkung with a distance of 10x10 cm in each tub. Then apply the fertilizer through the media or leaves once aweek. Observations included plant height and greenery of leaves with SPAD 502 for each week; nitrate reductaseactivity, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll, dry weight of stalk, dry weight of canopy, leaf dryweight, root dry weight, leaf area, and plant growth analysis, including leaf rate ratio, typical leaf area, typicalleaf weight. Based on the research that has been done, the application of liquid fertilizer through the media andleaves has not been to increase the growth and yield of kangkung. Treatment on the leaves tend to show higherresults than treatment on media at all observation parameter.Keywords: effectiveness, micro nutrients, roots and leaves

scholarly journals Coir as an Alternative to Peat in Media for Tomato Transplant Production

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Arenas ◽  
C.S. Vavrina ◽  
J.A. Cornell ◽  
E.A. Hanlon ◽  
G.J. Hochmuth
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Summer Fruit

Sixteen media prepared from peat, coir, vermiculite, or perlite were used to determine the optimum growing media for tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) transplants. Medium composition did not affect tomato seed emergence, although seedling emergence was higher in winter (90%) than summer (85%). Greatest transplant root dry weight, stem diameter, and leaf area were achieved in 50% to 75% peat + 25% to 50% vermiculite in summer. In winter, greatest transplant root dry weight, stem diameter, and leaf area were achieved in eight media: 100% peat, 75% peat + 25% vermiculite, 75% peat + 25% perlite, 50% peat + 50% vermiculite, 50% peat + 50% perlite, 25% peat + 50% coir + 25% vermiculite, 50% peat + 25%coir + 25% vermiculite, and 25% peat +25% coir +25% vermiculite +25% perlite. Transplants grown with >50% coir exhibited reduced plant growth compared to peat-grown transplants, a response that may be associated with high N immobilization by microorganisms and high C:N ratio. Despite transplant growth differences during the summer, fruit yields generally were unaffected by transplant media.

The Growth of Banana Plants in Relation to Temperature

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Turner ◽  
E Lahav
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Relative Water

Bananas (cv. Williams) were grown for 12 weeks in sunlit growth chambers at day/night temperatures of 17/10, 21/14, 25/18, 29/22, 33/26 or 37/30°C. Humidity was not controlled. At 17/10°C, the plants showed chilling injury and heat injury occurred at 37/30°C. Total plant dry weight was greatest at 25/18°C while leaf area was greatest at 33/26°C. At high temperatures proportionately less dry matter was present in the roots and corm compared with plants at 25/18°C. High temperatures produced more horizontal leaves but, to compensate for this, the laminae folded more readily. Lamina folding was closely associated with relative water content of the laminae, except under cool conditions where laminae folded despite high (97-99%) leaf relative water contents. Unit leaf rate (increase in whole plant dry weight per unit leaf area per unit time) was greatest at 21/14°C (5.8 g m-2 day-1) and least at 37/30°C (1.7 g m-2 day-1.) and had a strong negative association with whole-plant leaf resistance. Leaf relative water content was more closely associated with vapour pressure deficit than temperature and even at 37/30°C was high at 94%.

scholarly journals Agronomic response of cauliflower to the addition of silicon to the soil under water deficit1

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Soares Wenneck ◽  
Reni Saath ◽  
Roberto Rezende ◽  
André Felipe Barion Alves Andrean ◽  
Danilo César Santi
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Water Replacement ◽  
Water Conditions

ABSTRACT Water deficit in cauliflower cultivation may impair its development and yield. This study aimed to analyze the agronomic performance of cauliflower grown in a protected environment, under different water conditions and silicon (Si) doses. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, with three levels of water replacement [40, 70 and 100 % of the evapotranspiration (ETc)] and four Si doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1), with four replications. Leaf (SPAD index, area, fresh and dry weight), stem (diameter, height, fresh and dry weight) and inflorescence (diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, water content and commercial classification) characteristics were evaluated. The replacement of 40 % of the ETc showed lower results for the SPAD index in the phases II and III, leaf area, leaf and stem fresh weight and inflorescence diameter. The 70 % replacement cultivation showed a yield similar to that of the 100 % of the ETc. The use of Si was beneficial for the productive performance of the cauliflower at all levels of water replacement.

scholarly journals Earthworm Castings as a Media Amendment for Chrysanthemum Production

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 565C-565b
Author(s):  
Pablo R. Hidalgo ◽  
Richard L. Harkess ◽  
Frank Matta
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
The Media

Castings from earthworm (Eisenia fetida) when fed on sheep (SC), cow (CC), or horse (HC) manures were evaluated on growth of Dendranthema `Miramar' cuttings. Castings were produced placing 100 L of manure and 1 kg of earthworms in a 212-L plastic container for each animal manure. Mixtures of peat moss and castings at 0:1, 1:3, 1:1, or 3:1 were evaluated for each animal waste with 100% peat and Sunshine Mix 1 used as the controls. Each media treatment was replicated eight times with each replication consisting of four cuttings per 1-L (15-cm diameter) plastic container. Leachate pH and nutrient content increased as the amount of castings in the media increased. Plant growth index, leaf area, and number of flowers were greatest in media consisting of SC at 1:1 and 3:1 peat:castings. Similar results for growth index and leaf area were obtained with CC at 3:1 and 1:1, respectively. Increasing the amount of castings in the substrate reduced the plant dry weight and increased shrinkage of the media.

scholarly journals Morphology and Irrigation Efficiency of Gaura lindheimeri Grown with Capacitance Sensor-controlled Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1555-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E. Burnett ◽  
Marc W. van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Nonpoint Source Pollution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Capacitance Sensor ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Phlox Paniculata ◽  
Controlled Irrigation ◽  
Water Contents

Gaura lindheimeri Engelm. & Gray ‘Siskiyou Pink’ (gaura) and Phlox paniculata L. ‘David’ (garden phlox) were grown for 5 weeks in substrates irrigated at volumetric water contents (Θ) of 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, or 0.45 m3·m−3 using a capacitance sensor-controlled irrigation system. Volumetric water contents of the substrate measured by the capacitance sensors controlling irrigation were correlated with measurements with a separate handheld meter (r 2 = 0.83) and with volumetric water content set points throughout the study (r 2 > 0.98). Only 3.8 (at an irrigation set point of 0.10 m3·m−3) to 53 L (0.45 m3·m−3) of water was used to irrigate gaura and phlox and 0 to 7.74 L of this water leached out of the substrates. Significant leaching occurred only at Θ set points of 0.40, or 0.45 m3·m−3. Gaura had shorter and fewer branches and reduced dry weight when grown at lower volumetric water contents, but plants irrigated at set points above 0.25 m3·m−3 were large enough to be marketable. Gaura may be grown with capacitance sensor-automated irrigation using water efficiently and minimizing or eliminating leachate and thus nonpoint source pollution.

Yard Trimmings–Biosolids Co-compost can Substitute for Sphagnum Peatmoss in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Transplant Media

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 488e-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica P. Ozores-Hampton ◽  
Charles Vavrina ◽  
Thomas A. Obreza
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
The Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Large volumes of a compost made by mixing and co-composting yard trimmings (YT) and biosolids (BS) feedstocks have recently become available to the Florida vegetable industry. Compost used as vegetable transplant medium may be less expensive than traditional Sphagnum peatmoss, which is a non-renewable resource. `Agriset 761' tomato seed were planted in five combinations of compost, peat, and vermiculite media: 0:70:30 (control), 18:52:30, 35:35:30, 52:18:30, and 70:0:30 by weight, respectively. The presence of compost in the media increased leaf area, shoot dry weight, and number of leaves 21 days after treatment (DAT), and leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight 28 DAT compared with the control. There were no differences in root dry weight 21 DAT and number of leaves 28 DAT between treatments containing compost and the control. Plants in the compost treatments had greater final leaf area, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and stem diameter but less chlorophyll content compared with the control. There was no effect of compost rate on any of the response variables measured. Neither final leaf number nor stem length were affected by media composition. The results suggest that YT/BS co-compost can be used as an alternative to peat media for tomato transplant production, and that the rate of use is not critical.

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