scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Cultivated Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) Using RAPD Markers

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwen Huang ◽  
Desmond R. Layne ◽  
Thomas L. Kubisiak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Asimina Triloba ◽  
Selection History ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis

Thirty-four extant pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] cultivars and advanced selections representing a large portion of the gene pool of cultivated pawpaws were investigated using 71 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to establish genetic identities and evaluate genetic relatedness. All 34 cultivated pawpaws were uniquely identified by as few as 14 loci of eight primers. Genetic diversity of the existing gene pool of cultivated pawpaws, as estimated by Nei's gene diversity (He), was similar to that of wild pawpaw populations. The genetic relatedness among the cultivated pawpaws examined by UPGMA cluster analysis separated 34 cultivars and selections into two distinct clusters, a cluster of PPF (The PawPaw Foundation) selections and a cluster including a majority of the extant cultivars selected from the wild and their derived selections. The results are in general agreement with the known selection history and pedigree information available. The consensus fingerprint profile using the genetically defined RAPD markers is a useful and reliable method for establishing the genetic identities of the pawpaw cultivars and advanced selections. This also proved to be an improved discriminating tool over isozyme markers for the assessment of genetic diversity and relatedness. RAPD profiling of data presented in this study provides a useful reference for germplasm curators engaged in making decisions of sampling strategies, germplasm management and for breeders deciding which parents to select for future breeding efforts.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Diversity Among Maize Inbred Lines as Inferred From DNA Microsatellites

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 2117-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kejun Liu ◽  
Major Goodman ◽  
Spencer Muse ◽  
J Stephen Smith ◽  
Ed Buckler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Core Sets ◽  
Maize Inbreds ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity

AbstractTwo hundred and sixty maize inbred lines, representative of the genetic diversity among essentially all public lines of importance to temperate breeding and many important tropical and subtropical lines, were assayed for polymorphism at 94 microsatellite loci. The 2039 alleles identified served as raw data for estimating genetic structure and diversity. A model-based clustering analysis placed the inbred lines in five clusters that correspond to major breeding groups plus a set of lines showing evidence of mixed origins. A “phylogenetic” tree was constructed to further assess the genetic structure of maize inbreds, showing good agreement with the pedigree information and the cluster analysis. Tropical and subtropical inbreds possess a greater number of alleles and greater gene diversity than their temperate counterparts. The temperate Stiff Stalk lines are on average the most divergent from all other inbred groups. Comparison of diversity in equivalent samples of inbreds and open-pollinated landraces revealed that maize inbreds capture <80% of the alleles in the landraces, suggesting that landraces can provide additional genetic diversity for maize breeding. The contributions of four different segments of the landrace gene pool to each inbred group's gene pool were estimated using a novel likelihood-based model. The estimates are largely consistent with known histories of the inbreds and indicate that tropical highland germplasm is poorly represented in maize inbreds. Core sets of inbreds that capture maximal allelic richness were defined. These or similar core sets can be used for a variety of genetic applications in maize.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity on a sample of cocoa accessions resistant to witches' broom disease based on RAPD and pedigree data

Bragantia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
José Luís Pires ◽  
Uilson Vanderley Lopes ◽  
Karina Peres G. Gramacho ◽  
Acassi Batista Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
Coefficient Of Parentage ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Broom Disease ◽  
Different Sources

Genetic diversity in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) has been assessed based on morphological and molecular markers for germplasm management and breeding purposes. Pedigree data is available in cocoa but it has not been used for assessing genetic relatedness. The geneitic diversity of 30 clonal cocoa accessions resistant to witche´ broom disease, from the CEPEC series, were studied on the basis of RAPD data and pedigree information. Twenty of these accessions descend from the TSA-644 clone, originated from a cross between the Upper Amazon germplasm called Scavina-6, the main source of resistance to witches' broom disease, and IMC-67. The ten remaining clones come from different sources including Amazon and Trinitario germplasm. RAPD data was collected using 16 primers and pedigree information was obtained from the International Cocoa Germplasm Database. Genetic similarities, genetic distances and coefficient of parentage were calculated using available software. Relatively low genetic diversity was observed in this germplasm set, probably because of great genetic relatedness amongst accessions studied and the poor representation of the germplasm. The TSA-644 descendants were more diverse than the other accessions used in the study. This might be due to the origin of the TSA clone, which was derived from highly divergent genotypes. Association between genetic similarities based on RAPD data and coefficient of parentage, based on pedigree data, was very low, probably due to the homogeneity of the breeding stocks and poor pedigree information. These findings are useful to cocoa breeders in planning crosses for the development of hybrid and clonal cultivars.

Genetic Diversity among Calamus brandisii Becc. (Arecaceae) Populations in Kerala Part of Western Ghats

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Kavungal Priya ◽  
◽  
Indira . ◽  
Vadakkethil Balakrishnan Sreekumar ◽  
Renuka . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Two Populations

Calamus brandisii Becc. is one of the endemic slender rattans found in the Western Ghats of India. The genetic diversity of two main populations available in Kerala was investigated using 20 RAPD and 9 ISSR markers. Two parameters viz., gene diversity and genetic diversity within and among populations were analyzed. ISSR analysis showed quite high genetic diversity in Pandimotta compared to Bonacaud population whereas in RAPD markers both these populations were moderately diverse. The percentage of total genetic differentiation (Gst) among two populations is relatively higher than the mean Gst value indicating high genetic diversity within the populations. The genetic distance between these two populations was 0.1739 with ISSR markers and 0.1971 with RAPD markers. Because of its high genetic diversity, Pandimotta population can be treated as an important population of gene diversity with potentially useful genes. This may be included in the high priority reservoir for genetic conservation also.

ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity in Morinda Spp. For Its Enhanced Collection, Conservation and Utilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Arya ◽  
Ramya Kossery Narayanan ◽  
Anjali Kak ◽  
Chitra Devi Pandey ◽  
Manjusha Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Morinda (Rubiaceae) is considerably recognized for its multiple uses viz. food, medicine, dyes, firewood, tools, oil, bio-sorbent etc. The molecular characterization of such an important plant would be very useful for its multifarious enhanced utilization. In the present study, 31 Morinda genotypes belonging to two different species Morinda citrifolia and Morinda tomentosa collected from different regions of India were investigated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Fifteen ISSR primers generated 176 bands with an average of 11.7 bands per primer, of which (90.34%) were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands, mean Nei’s gene diversity, mean Shannon’s information index in Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia was [(69.89%, 30.68%); (0.21 ± 0.19, 0.12 ± 0.20); (0.32 ± 0.27 0.17 ± 0.28)] respectively, revealing higher polymorphism and genetic diversity in Morinda tomentosa compared to Morinda citrifolia. Structure, and UPGMA cluster analysis placed the genotypes into well-defined separate clusters belonging to two species Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia revealing the utility of ISSR markers in species differentiation. Distinct ecotypes within a particular species could also be inferred emphasizing the collection and conservation of Morinda genotypes from different regions, in order to capture the overall diversity of respective species. Further higher diversity of M. tomentosa must be advanced for its utilization in nutraceutical, nutritional and other nonfood purposes.

Temporal diversity changes among 198 Nordic bread wheat landraces and cultivars detected by retrotransposon-based S-SAP analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Chin Hysing ◽  
Torbjörn Säll ◽  
Hilde Nybom ◽  
Erland Liljeroth ◽  
Arnulf Merker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Frequent Exchange ◽  
Wheat Landraces

The sequence-specific amplified polymorphism (S-SAP) method was used to genotype 198 Nordic bread wheat landraces and cultivars from the 19th to the 21st centuries. It was shown that theSukkula-9900-LARD retrotransposon primer was highly suitable for resolving closely related wheat materials. Cluster analysis was generally consistent with pedigree information and revealed a clear separation for growth habit but not for countries. A principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed a separation into different time periods (before 1910, 1910–1969 and 1970–2003). These results are consistent with the breeding history and pedigree information, indicating that little hybridization has occurred between winter and spring wheat, in contrast to frequent exchange of germplasm between the Nordic countries. Estimates of gene diversity, the PCoA results, and changes in band frequencies across time indicate that plant breeding has led to substantial genetic shifts in Nordic wheat. Diversity was reduced through selections from landraces during the early 20th century, followed by a period of relatively lower genetic diversity, and a subsequent increase and net gains in diversity from the late 1960s onwards through the use of exotic germplasm. Thus, an anticipated loss of overall genetic diversity was found to be negligible, although allele losses have occurred at specific loci.

scholarly journals Regional Polymorphism Assessment of Myanmar ‘Sein Ta Lone’ Mango (Mangifera indica Linn) from Sintgaing Township Based on Microsatellite Markers

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
May Sandar Kyaing ◽  
Sein Sandar May Phyo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of

This study was conducted to explore the genetic diversity and relationship of Sein Ta Lone mango cultivars among 20 commercial orchards in Sintgaing Township, Mandalay region. Nine microsatellite (SSR) markers were used to detect genetic polymorphism in a range from (3 to 6) alleles with (4.33) alleles per marker in average. Six out of nine microsatellite markers gave the PIC values of greater than (0.5). Among them, SSR36 held the highest PIC values of (0.691) while MiSHRS39 and MN85 possessed the least PIC values of (0.368) and (0.387) respectively. The genetic diversity was expressed as unbiased expected heterozygosity (UHe) value with an average of (0.561). The genetic relationship was revealed by (UPGMA) dendrogram in a range of (0.69 to 1.00). Based on UPGMA cluster analysis, three main clusters were classified among three different locations. This study was intended to help cultivar characterization and conservation for proper germplasm management with the estimation of genetic variation and relationship in the existing population of Sein Ta Lone mangoes in Sintgaing Township by microsatellite markers.  

scholarly journals Genetic Relationship Among Ten Promising Eggplant Varieties Using RAPD Markers

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Sanaullah Biswas ◽  
Md. Abdullah Yousuf Akhond ◽  
Md. Al-Amin ◽  
Mahmuda Khatun ◽  
Muhammed Rezwan Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Potential Tool

RAPD technique was used as a tool for assessing genetic diversity and varietal relationships among ten varieties of eggplant. Out of 21 primers screened four were selected. With these primers 76 clear and bright fragments were obtained of which 44 fragments considered polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity values across all loci were 57.89% and 0.23, respectively. The UPGMA dendrogram based on genetic distance segregated the ten varieties of eggplant into two main clusters. Dohazari, Kazla, Nayantara and ISD-006 were grouped together in cluster I whereas Uttara, Islampuri, Khatkhatia, Singnath, BARI Begun-08 and Eggplant Line-083 into cluster II. Kazla and Nayantara variety pair was very close to each other with the highest intervarietal similarity index (92.54%) and lowest genetic distance (0.14). On the other hand, Khatkhatia and Nayantara pair was the lowest intervarietal similarity index (41.67%) with highest genetic distance (0.48). Therefore, identification of genetically distinct varieties using RAPD markers could be a potential tool for eggplant improvement. Key words: Eggplant, Polymorphism, Genetic relationship, RAPD D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5006 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 119-126, 2009 (December)

Genetic diversity in Cinnamomum tamala Nees. accessions through DNA fingerprinting using molecular markers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Zafar Haider ◽  
Ujjwal . Bhandari ◽  
Gaurav . Naik ◽  
Nirpendra . Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Cinnamomum Tamala ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Rapd And Issr ◽  
Uttarakhand Himalaya

The present study aims to investigate the genetic variation in Cinnamomum tamala Nees. (Lauraceae) accessions collected from different locations of Uttarakhand Himalaya. The leaves samples were analyzed by using RAPD and ISSR markers. A total 22 primers were used for initial screening in order to select the ones giving good amplification. Seven primers (OPA-12, OPA-18, OPB-10, OPB-17, ISSR-21, ISSR-24 and ISSR-30) were found to be polymorphic in eight accessions. Based on combined profile of ISSR and RAPD markers the dendrogram was constructed by using UPGMA cluster analysis and all the accessions showed discrimination from one another. All the accessions were clustered into two major groups, one containing T1-T4 and second T5-T8. The percentage of polymorphic bands was 86.3 % for three ISSR markers and 70.5 % for four RAPD markers. This emphasize that ISSR markers were found to be the best for genetic variation in the species.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity analysis in Brassica varieties through RAPD markers

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
KK Ghosh ◽  
ME Haque ◽  
S Parvin ◽  
F Akhter ◽  
MM Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Pair Group

This investigation was aimed at exploring the genetic diversity and relationship among nine Brassica varieties, namely BARI Sharisha-12, Agrani, Sampad, BINA Sharisha-4, BINA Sharisha-5, BARI Sharisha-13, Daulot, Rai-5, Alboglabra using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. In total, 59 reproducible DNA bands were generated by four arbitrary selected primers of which 58 (98.03%) bands were proved to be polymorphic. These bands ranged from 212 to 30686 bp in size. The highest proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity values were 37.29% and 0.1373, respectively, for BARI Sharisha-12 and the lowest proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity values were 8.47% and 0.0318, 8.47% and 0.0382 for BINA Sharisha-4 and Rai-5, respectively. A dendrogram was constructed using unweighted pair group method of arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The result of cluster analysis indicated that the 9 accessions were capable of being classified into 2 major groups. One group consists of BARI Sharisha-12, Agrani, Sampad, Daulot, Rai-5, Alboglabra. where Daulot and Rai-5 showed the lowest genetic distance of 0.049. And another group contains BINA Sharisha-4, BINA Sharisha-5, and BARI Sharisha-1 3, where BINA Sharisha-5 and BARI sharisha-13 showed genetic distance of 0.071. Key Words: RAPD, Brassica, genetic distance, polymorphic band. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3976 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 493-5032, September 2009

scholarly journals Determining Genetic Diversity of Some Jute Varieties and Accessions Using RAPD Markers

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiul Haque ◽  
Selina Begum ◽  
R.H. Sarker ◽  
Haseena Khan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Corchorus Capsularis ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
The Relationship

The genetic diversity of 18 jute genotypes of the two cultivated species Corchorus capsularis L. and C. olitorius L. which include released varieties and collected races, referred to as accessions was evaluated. DNA profiling was generated using sequence independent RAPD markers. A total of 140 scorable loci were observed and a dendrogram was constructed with these markers. The relationship that is portrayed by this clustering also agreed with the available pedigree information on jute. Two major clusters representing the two species were resolved among the genotypes that were examined in the study. This genetic distance information could be useful in breeding programs in order to introduce agronomically important traits such as short field duration, low temperature tolerance, snow white fibre, higher harvest index etc. From the study one C. olitorius and two C. capsularis varieties were found more suitable for their selection as seed parent against different accessions for improvement because of their higher genetic distant relationship within species. However, more extensive molecular data are needed in order to reach a general conclusion about the relationship between jute genotypes.  Key words: Jute, Polymorphism, Genetic diversity, RAPD D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v17i2.3239 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 17(2): 183-191, 2007 (December)

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