scholarly journals Determining Genetic Diversity of Some Jute Varieties and Accessions Using RAPD Markers

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiul Haque ◽  
Selina Begum ◽  
R.H. Sarker ◽  
Haseena Khan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Corchorus Capsularis ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
The Relationship

The genetic diversity of 18 jute genotypes of the two cultivated species Corchorus capsularis L. and C. olitorius L. which include released varieties and collected races, referred to as accessions was evaluated. DNA profiling was generated using sequence independent RAPD markers. A total of 140 scorable loci were observed and a dendrogram was constructed with these markers. The relationship that is portrayed by this clustering also agreed with the available pedigree information on jute. Two major clusters representing the two species were resolved among the genotypes that were examined in the study. This genetic distance information could be useful in breeding programs in order to introduce agronomically important traits such as short field duration, low temperature tolerance, snow white fibre, higher harvest index etc. From the study one C. olitorius and two C. capsularis varieties were found more suitable for their selection as seed parent against different accessions for improvement because of their higher genetic distant relationship within species. However, more extensive molecular data are needed in order to reach a general conclusion about the relationship between jute genotypes.  Key words: Jute, Polymorphism, Genetic diversity, RAPD D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v17i2.3239 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 17(2): 183-191, 2007 (December)

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Cultivated Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) Using RAPD Markers

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwen Huang ◽  
Desmond R. Layne ◽  
Thomas L. Kubisiak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Asimina Triloba ◽  
Selection History ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis

Thirty-four extant pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] cultivars and advanced selections representing a large portion of the gene pool of cultivated pawpaws were investigated using 71 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to establish genetic identities and evaluate genetic relatedness. All 34 cultivated pawpaws were uniquely identified by as few as 14 loci of eight primers. Genetic diversity of the existing gene pool of cultivated pawpaws, as estimated by Nei's gene diversity (He), was similar to that of wild pawpaw populations. The genetic relatedness among the cultivated pawpaws examined by UPGMA cluster analysis separated 34 cultivars and selections into two distinct clusters, a cluster of PPF (The PawPaw Foundation) selections and a cluster including a majority of the extant cultivars selected from the wild and their derived selections. The results are in general agreement with the known selection history and pedigree information available. The consensus fingerprint profile using the genetically defined RAPD markers is a useful and reliable method for establishing the genetic identities of the pawpaw cultivars and advanced selections. This also proved to be an improved discriminating tool over isozyme markers for the assessment of genetic diversity and relatedness. RAPD profiling of data presented in this study provides a useful reference for germplasm curators engaged in making decisions of sampling strategies, germplasm management and for breeders deciding which parents to select for future breeding efforts.

scholarly journals Description and analysis of genetic diversity among squash accessions

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios L. Tsivelikas ◽  
Olga Koutita ◽  
Anastasia Anastasiadou ◽  
George N. Skaracis ◽  
Ekaterini Traka-Mavrona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group

In this work, the part of the squash core collection, maintained in the Greek Gene Bank, was assessed using the morphological and molecular data. Sixteen incompletely classified accessions of the squash were characterized along with an evaluation of their resistance against two isolates of Fusarium oxysporum. A molecular analysis using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers was also performed, revealing high level of polymorphism. To study the genetic diversity among the squash accessions, a clustering procedure using Unweighed Pair Group Method and Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) algorithm was also adopted. Two independent dendrograms, one for the morphophysiological and one for molecular data were obtained, classifying the accessions into two and three main clusters, respectively. Despite the different number of the clusters there were many similarities between these two dendrograms, and a third dendrogram resulting from their combination was also produced, based on Gower's distance and UPGMA clustering algorithm. In order to determine the optimal number of clusters, the upper tail approach was applied. The more reliable clustering of the accessions was accomplished using RAPD markers as well as the combination of the two different data sets, classifying the accessions into three significantly different groups. These groups corresponded to the three different cultivated species of C. maxima Duch., C. moschata Duch., and C. pepo L. The same results were also obtained using Principal Component Analysis.

scholarly journals Study genetic diversity between trichophyton rubrum isolates using ISSR and RAPD markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Milad A. Mezher ◽  
Sanaa Mohammad ◽  
Khalil Wahab ◽  
Zainab Salman ◽  
Suzan Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Main Band ◽  
The Third ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rapd And Issr

        The present study included detection of genetic variability, and identification of genetic relationship and finding a fingerprint of the ten clinical isolates related to Trichophyton rubrum using RAPD and ISSR markers. The experiment was carried out and the results performed using six primer of the RAPD markers  these primers showed 239 amplified  band , out of  these band 90 of them was considered as a main band, and 149 was Polymorphic band , the largest number of bands was 30 in the isolate TR6  and less number of bands in the isolate TR7.   The results clear the value of genetic diversity based on RAPD analysis the lowest value of genetic diversity (0.13005) between the isolate TR3 and TR9while the highest genetic diversity (0.55941) was between the isolates TR5 and TR8. The analysis of the relationship shows that there are three main groups: the first group include isolate TR8, while the second group included three isolates are isolate TR2, isolate TR10 and isolates TR3, The third group included three subgroups included the first isolate TR1,isolates TR4 and second isolate TR3 and isolate TR9 and the third included the isolate TR5 and isolates TR6.The results of ISSR experiments: the use six a primers in the of the ISSR showed 192 bands, in the isolate  of Trichophyton rubrum, two of these primers showed monomorphic bands (in number and location) and six primers showed monomorphic and polymorphic bands, while one showed only polymorphic bands among Trichophyton rubrum isolates. And the largest number of bands was 24 in the TR5 and less number of bands 16 in isolate TR3 and isolate TR8 were finding DNA fingerprint to isolate TR1, isolate TR5, and isolate TR3.    The ISSR markers showed lowest genetic polymorphism was (0.05561) between the isolates TR2 and isolate TR7 and the largest genetic distance was (0.40501) between the isolate TR4 and isolate TR8. The analysis of the relationship of genetic showed that there are three groups key first included isolates and only one isolate TR8 and the second involving isolates TR2 and isolate TR7, isolate TR4 and isolate TR3, while the group included three sub-groups, the first included isolate TR1 and isolate TR6, and the second involving isolate TR5, isolate TR10 and isolate TR9. The results confirmed the efficiency markers of the RAPD and ISSR in contrast, find a genetic fingerprint to the isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, and these markers differ in mechanical detection contrast, and coverage is Genome. Therefore Complementary to each other, although the ISSR markers were more efficient in terms of the number of binding  sites in each type of the isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and so can the initiator of the discovery of a much larger area from  Genome.

scholarly journals Molecular diversity in Lactucaspeciesusing Isozymes and RAPD Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reda H. Helmy Sammour ◽  
A-Z. A. Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Cultivated Species

Abstract Understanding of the molecular basis of genetic diversity in Lactucaaccessions is substantial for the management, improvementand efficient uses of Lactuca accessions. Therefore, this workaimed to evaluate molecular diversity among twenty-six accessions of Lactuca species usingisozymes and RAPD analyses. The polymorphic percentages were 87.09%and 100% in isozymes and RAPD analyses respectively, indicating a high genetic variation within and among Lactuca species. The number of alleles were higher in the wild species compared to the cultivated species, reflecting a reduction in the richness of alleles in the cultivated species due to domestication that caused a reduction in genetic diversity to meet the demand for high crop productivity.Isozymes and RAPD clustering dendrogrames: (1) separated,L. sativa accessions in more than one cluster confirming their polyphyletic origin; (2)collected the accessions of L. vimineain one cluster revealed its homogeneity; and (3) divided the accessions of L.saligna in two clusters varied in the number of alleles, particularly “A” form. The corresponding analysis associated the accessions of the wild species based on the alleles “B”of the tested isozymes and the cultivated species on alleles “A” and “C”, suggesting that: (1) allele “B” might be the primitive form of these loci that can tolerate the environmental stresses which prevails in the habitats of the wild species, and (2) “A” and “C” could be the derived forms. These results are of great interest for the management of Lactuca germplasm and for future breeding programs of lettuce.

scholarly journals RAPD profiling in detecting genetic variation in Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae)

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-362
Author(s):  
Xiaobang Peng ◽  
Majid Khayyatnezhad ◽  
Leila Ghezeljehmeidan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Main Center

Stellaria species are common herbs, preferred humid mountainously slopes, but some grew in desert. Main center of diversification for Stellaria is Eurasia, with a center of distribution in the mountains of central Asia. Some species are also cosmopolitan. It is represented by 9 species in Iran. The genus has high medicinal value. To determine the genetic diversity and understand the species? limits within the Iranian Stellaria, we produced molecular data using 139 randomly collected plants representing 8 species from five provinces of Iran. A total of 122 reproducible bands were generated by 10 of 25 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, with an average of 12.2 bands/primer and 33% polymorphism. Largest number of effective alleles (Ne), genetic diversity (H), and Shannon Index (I) were shown by S. media. Our data depicted highest similarity between S. media and S. pallida and lowest between S. media and S. graminea. S. pallida showed relatively low level of genetic variation. Finally, the Neighbor Joining (NJ) trees based on RAPD markers data divided the populations into two different clusters, indicating their genetic difference which is discussed in details.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Peach (Prunus persica L. Batch) Revealed by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers and Compared to Inbreeding Coefficients

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1012-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn L. Warburton ◽  
Fredrick A. Bliss
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients

Previous studies of peach germplasm using pedigree information and isozyme polymorphism data have shown limited diversity in the U.S. gene pool. To further investigate the genetic diversity among peach cultivars grown in different regions of the United States, 94 RAPD markers were used to estimate the genetic distances among 136 cultivars. Of the 12 clusters formed in a dendrogram, the 90 U.S. cultivars and breeding lines and most of those from Europe and Latin America grouped to only three clusters, while the 23 peach entries from India, Pakistan, Russia, Okinawa, and China, as well as the almond cultivar used as an outgroup, were distributed among the other nine clusters. Therefore, the genetic diversity within temperate U.S. peach germplasm is quite limited, and to expand the variability, additional germplasm should be obtained, especially from Asia. Comparison of genetic similarity based on inbreeding coefficients with similarity coefficients based on the RAPD data produced a correlation of 0.395, which is comparable to values in similar investigations in other crops. Thus, similar conclusions can be drawn from these two sources of information. RAPD data are useful particularly when pedigree information is incomplete, there has been substantial selection within breeding populations, and a high proportion of alleles are identical in state but not by descent.

scholarly journals Respiratory rates and freezing tolerance of embryos of Inga vera Willd. subsp. affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. from different regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmir Vicente Lamarca ◽  
Claudio José Barbedo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Recalcitrant Seeds ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Storage Temperatures

ABSTRACT: Recalcitrant seeds are sensitive to desiccation and low storage temperatures, but there is a gradient of recalcitrance between different species and between populations of the same species. Therefore, tolerance to drying and low temperatures, as well as the respiratory rates of seeds, can be conditioned by the source of the material. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship among desiccation and low temperature tolerance, and respiratory rates of Inga vera embryos from different regions. The embryos were submitted to three drying levels and incubated for up to fifteen days at -4, -2, 2 and 5 °C. Then, they were evaluated for respiration, germination and electrical conductivity. The embryos tolerated freezing at -4 °C since they were associated with certain levels of drying and a consequent change in the energy status of water. In conclusion, the conditions in which the embryos are formed define their degree of maturation at dispersal, hence their tolerance to desiccation and freezing.

scholarly journals Comparative study of genetic diversity using RAPD markers in Salvia (Lamiaceae)

Caryologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid KHAYYATNEZHAD ◽  
Sayed Afzal Shah2
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
The World ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
High Degree

Salvia has a high degree of environmental compatibility and is widespread around the world, especially in tropical and temperate regions. It is represented by 61 species in Iran including 19 endemic species. Salvia species are mostly shrubs or subshrubs, occasionally herbs, typically perennial, sometimes biennial or annual, and often aromatic. The genus has high medicinal, commercial and horticultural value. It is the largest and one of the taxonomically complicated genus of Lamiaceae. To determine the genetic diversity and understand the species’ limits within the Iranian Salvia, we produced both morphological and molecular data using 145 randomly collected plants representing 30 species from 18 provinces of Iran. A total of 107 reproducible bands were generated by 10 of 25 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, with an average of 10.7 bands/primer and 44% polymorphism. Largest number of effective alleles (Ne), genetic diversity (H), and Shannon Index (I) were shown by S. reuterana. Our data depicted highest similarity between S. suffruticosa and S. hydrangea and lowest between S. aristata and S. oligphylla. Salvia limbata showed relatively low level of genetic variation. Finally, the Neighbor Joining (NJ) trees based on RAPD markers data divided the populations into two different clusters, indicating their genetic difference which is discussed in details.

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Characterization and Relationships of Turkish Local Eggplant Heirlooms

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Filiz BOYACI ◽  
Volkan TOPCU ◽  
Akin TEPE ◽  
Isilay Karasahin YILDIRIM ◽  
Mehmet OTEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Good Source ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Local Genotypes ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

A total of 38 eggplant genotypes, of which 32 were heirloom accessions collected from different regions of Burdur province five were different local genotypes from other provinces, and one was a cultivar, were used as reference in this study. The phylogenetic relationships among these heirlooms were evaluated using 40 morphologic descriptors and five randomly amplified polymorphic RAPD markers. The horizontal dendrograms were created by using UPGMA with both morphologic and molecular data. Burdur heirloom accessions showed high genetic diversity based on morphological and molecular data. The genetic similarity rates ranged from 0.29 to 0.91 according to the morphological data, and ranged from 0.84 to 0.98 according to the molecular data. Molecular data generated by RAPD method, compared to morphological data, were insufficient to reveal genetic diversity. Therefore, in order to confirm genetic variations, studies based on other molecular methods are necessary. The regional genetic populations include a wide eggplant genetic diversity which can be good source for the breeding studies performed in the future.

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