scholarly journals Efficiency of Volatile Formaldehyde Removal by Indoor Plants: Contribution of Aerial Plant Parts versus the Root Zone

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang Jin Kim ◽  
Mi Jung Kil ◽  
Jeong Seob Song ◽  
Eun Ha Yoo ◽  
Ki-Cheol Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Formaldehyde Concentration ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Indoor Plants ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Formaldehyde Removal ◽  
Internal Concentration ◽  
Gaseous Formaldehyde ◽  
Formaldehyde Metabolism

The contribution of aerial plant parts versus the root zone to the removal of volatile formaldehyde by potted Fatsia japonica Decne. & Planch. and Ficus benjamina L. plants was assessed during the day and night. The removal capacity of the entire plant, aerial plant parts, and root zone was determined by exposing the relevant parts to gaseous formaldehyde (2 μL·L−1) in airtight chambers (1.0 m3) constructed of inert materials. The rate of formaldehyde removal was initially rapid but decreased as the internal concentration diminished in the chamber. To compare the removal efficiency between species and plant parts, the time interval required to reach 50% of the initial concentration was determined (96 and 123 min for entire plants of F. japonica and F. benjamina, respectively). In both species, the aerial plant parts reduced the formaldehyde concentration during the day but removed little during the night. However, the root zone eliminated a substantial amount of formaldehyde during the day and night. The ratio of formaldehyde removal by aerial plant parts versus the root zone was similar for both species, at ≈1:1 during the day and 1:11 at night. The effectiveness of the root zone in formaldehyde removal was due primarily to microorganisms and roots (≈90%); only about 10% was due to adsorption by the growing medium. The results indicate that the root zone is a major contributor to the removal of formaldehyde. A better understanding of formaldehyde metabolism by root zone microflora should facilitate maximizing the phytoremediation efficiency of indoor plants.

Adaptation and acclimatization to formaldehyde in methylotrophs capable of high-concentration formaldehyde detoxification

Microbiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 151 (8) ◽  
pp. 2615-2622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rotsaman Chongcharoen ◽  
Thomas J. Smith ◽  
Kenneth P. Flint ◽  
Howard Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Formaldehyde Concentration ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
Methylobacterium Extorquens ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Metabolic Intermediate ◽  
Formaldehyde Removal ◽  
Methylotrophic Growth ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Formaldehyde Metabolism

Formaldehyde is a highly toxic chemical common in industrial effluents, and it is also an intermediate in bacterial metabolism of one-carbon growth substrates, although its role as a bacterial growth substrate per se has not been extensively reported. This study investigated two highly formaldehyde-resistant formaldehyde utilizers, strains BIP and ROS1; the former strain has been used for industrial remediation of formaldehyde-containing effluents. The two strains were shown by means of 16S rRNA characterization to be closely related members of the genus Methylobacterium. Both strains were able to use formaldehyde, methanol and a range of multicarbon compounds as their principal growth substrate. Growth on formaldehyde was possible up to a concentration of at least 58 mM, and survival at up to 100 mM was possible after stepwise acclimatization by growth at increasing concentrations of formaldehyde. At such high concentrations of formaldehyde, the cultures underwent a period of formaldehyde removal without growth before the formaldehyde concentration fell below 60 mM, and growth could resume. Two-dimensional electrophoresis and MS characterization of formaldehyde-induced proteins in strain BIP revealed that the pathways of formaldehyde metabolism, and adaptations to methylotrophic growth, were very similar to those seen in the well-characterized methanol-utilizing methylotroph Methylobacterium extorquens AM1. Thus, it appears that many of the changes in protein expression that allow strain BIP to grow using high formaldehyde concentrations are associated with expression of the same enzymes used by M. extorquens AM1 to process formaldehyde as a metabolic intermediate during growth on methanol.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Formaldehyde in Indoor Environment With Common House Plants and Pseudomonas Chlororaphis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Seemaa Ghate ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Pseudomonas Chlororaphis ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Indoor Pollutants ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Epipremnum Aureum ◽  
Formaldehyde Removal ◽  
Chlorophytum Comosum ◽  
Gaseous Formaldehyde ◽  
Air Circulation

Low light survivor house plants were assessed for their formaldehyde removal capacity from indoor environment. Low ventilation leading to poor air circulation in indoor environment has become a matter of grave concern as it leads to health issues. Phytoremediation technology is being studied in such situations. The capacity of plants in absorbing indoor pollutants can be enhanced through use of bacteria helping phytoremediation process. The gaseous formaldehyde of about 5 ppm was released into the static chamber of volume 1 m3 . Selected test plants were Aglaonema commutatum, Chlorophytum comosum, Sansevieria trifasciata and Epipremnum aureum. Medium in which plants were growing was inoculated with Pseudomonas chlororaphis, which helps the process of phytoremediation. Activated charcoal was also added in the medium, to increase the absorptive surface. The exposure given was for 24 hours. Experiment was replicated for three times. Air quality in the chamber was monitored on advanced Formaldehyde meter, at the start of the experiment and after 24 hours. Leaves of the plants were analysed by DNPH on LCMS method for quantification of Formaldehyde. Quantification of Formaldehyde from leaves ranged between 0.03–4.7 ppm. Formaldehyde meter showed reduction in formaldehyde quantity ranges from 1.999 to 0 ppm in 24 hours. This clearly indicates that selected plants have enhanced limited capacity of formaldehyde absorption in synergy with Pseudomonas chlororaphis.

Plastic Mulch Color Effects on Light Micro-environment and Watermelon Plant Growth

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 474d-474
Author(s):  
N.K. Damayanthi Ranwala ◽  
Dennis R. Decoteau
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Total Light ◽  
Dry Mass Partitioning

This study was conducted to evaluate the spectral properties of various colored plastic color mulches and to determine the effects of upwardly reflected light from the mulch surfaces on watermelon plant growth when differences in root zone temperatures are minimized. Two-week-old watermelon plants were grown with black mulch, red-painted mulch, SRM-Red mulch (Sonoco, Inc., Harstville, S.C.), and white mulch. Total light reflection (58 μmol·m–2·s–1 in 400–700 nm) and red: far-red (R:FR = 0.44) of reflected light were lower in black mulch and highest in white mulch (634 and 0.92, respectively). Both black mulch and white mulch had same blue:red (B:R = 0.6) while white mulch had higher B:FR (0.58) in reflected light compared to black mulch (0.26). Reflective properties of red mulches were somewhat similar, and R:FR, B:R, and B:FR were 0.8, 0.2, and 0.18, respectively. However, SRM-Red mulch had highest total light (355 μmol·m–2·s–1 in 400–700 nm) transmission through the mulch, and R:FR, B:R, and B:FR were 0.84, 0.28, and 0.23, respectively. Light transmission through the other mulches was nonsignificant. Watermelon plants grown with black mulch and red mulches had higher internode lengths compared to white mulch after 20 days. Further, plants grown under black had significant higher petiole elongation accompanied with higher dry mass partitioning to petioles, and lower partitioning to roots, stems, and leaves. There was no effects of surface mulch color on total plant dry mass or photosynthesis although plants with black had higher transpiration rate. This suggests the differential regulation of dry mass partitioning among plant parts due to mulch color. The similar plant responses with black mulch and white mulch to plants treated with FR or R light at the end of photoperiod implies the involvement of phytochrome regulation of growth due to mulch surface color.

scholarly journals Variation in Formaldehyde Removal Efficiency among Indoor Plant Species

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1489-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang Jin Kim ◽  
Myeong Il Jeong ◽  
Dong Woo Lee ◽  
Jeong Seob Song ◽  
Hyoung Deug Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Osmunda Japonica ◽  
Foliage Plants ◽  
Formaldehyde Removal ◽  
Selaginella Tamariscina ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum ◽  
Gaseous Formaldehyde

The efficiency of volatile formaldehyde removal was assessed in 86 species of plants representing five general classes (ferns, woody foliage plants, herbaceous foliage plants, Korean native plants, and herbs). Phytoremediation potential was assessed by exposing the plants to gaseous formaldehyde (2.0 μL·L−1) in airtight chambers (1.0 m3) constructed of inert materials and measuring the rate of removal. Osmunda japonica, Selaginella tamariscina, Davallia mariesii, Polypodium formosanum, Psidium guajava, Lavandula spp., Pteris dispar, Pteris multifida, and Pelargonium spp. were the most effective species tested, removing more than 1.87 μg·m−3·cm−2 over 5 h. Ferns had the highest formaldehyde removal efficiency of the classes of plants tested with O. japonica the most effective of the 86 species (i.e., 6.64 μg·m−3·cm−2 leaf area over 5 h). The most effective species in individual classes were: ferns—Osmunda japonica, Selaginella tamariscina, and Davallia mariesii; woody foliage plants—Psidium guajava, Rhapis excels, and Zamia pumila; herbaceous foliage plants—Chlorophytum bichetii, Dieffenbachia ‘Marianne’, Tillandsia cyanea, and Anthurium andraeanum; Korean native plants—Nandina domestica; and herbs—Lavandula spp., Pelargonium spp., and Rosmarinus officinalis. The species were separated into three general groups based on their formaldehyde removal efficiency: excellent (greater than 1.2 μg·m−3 formaldehyde per cm2 of leaf area over 5 h), intermediate (1.2 or less to 0.6), and poor (less than 0.6). Species classified as excellent are considered viable phytoremediation candidates for homes and offices where volatile formaldehyde is a concern.

scholarly journals Estimation of Ascorbic Acid Content in Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Cultivar K1

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Nag ◽  
Arjit Chaturvedi ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Shashi Bidawat ◽  
L. K. Pareek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Prosopis Cineraria ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Callus Tissues

The callus tissues of Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce established and maintained for a period of eight months on MS supplemented with 2 mg/l, 2, 4-D and its plant parts were used for estimation of ascorbic acid. The tissue thus grown was transferred to fresh MS and MS singly supplemented with 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% of glucose. The growth indices and ascorbic acid contents in tissues were determined at time interval of two, four, six and eight weeks. Six weeks old tissue cultures showed an increase in the amount of endogenous ascorbic acid as well as growth indices in all the samples. The cultures grown on MS supplemented with 1.5% of glucose showed maximum ascorbic acid content (174.23 mg/100 gdw) and growth index (19.68). Tissues reared with different concentration of glucose showed remarkably high content of ascorbic acid content as compared to control and plant parts. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 27-32, 2012 (June) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11244 

scholarly journals Improving Formaldehyde Removal from Water and Wastewater by Fenton, Photo-Fenton and Ozonation/Fenton Processes through Optimization and Modeling

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2754
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Ali Asghar Najafpoor ◽  
Ali Asghar Navaei ◽  
John L. Zhou ◽  
Ali Altaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Formaldehyde Concentration ◽  
H2o2 Concentration ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Formaldehyde Removal ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Rsm Model

This study aimed to assess, optimize and model the efficiencies of Fenton, photo-Fenton and ozonation/Fenton processes in formaldehyde elimination from water and wastewater using the response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). A sensitivity analysis was used to determine the importance of the independent variables. The influences of different variables, including H2O2 concentration, initial formaldehyde concentration, Fe dosage, pH, contact time, UV and ozonation, on formaldehyde removal efficiency were studied. The optimized Fenton process demonstrated 75% formaldehyde removal from water. The best performance with 80% formaldehyde removal from wastewater was achieved using the combined ozonation/Fenton process. The developed ANN model demonstrated better adequacy and goodness of fit with a R2 of 0.9454 than the RSM model with a R2 of 0. 9186. The sensitivity analysis showed pH as the most important factor (31%) affecting the Fenton process, followed by the H2O2 concentration (23%), Fe dosage (21%), contact time (14%) and formaldehyde concentration (12%). The findings demonstrated that these treatment processes and models are important tools for formaldehyde elimination from wastewater.

scholarly journals Penerapan Irigasi Tetes Emiter Tali Dengan Bebagai Selang Waktu Irigasi Pada Tanaman Semangka

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Muhammad Idrus Idrus ◽  
Surya Surya
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Irrigation Water Productivity

The objectives of the research were (1) To know watermelon yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon by used drip irrigation with nylon rope emitter on various time irrigation intervals, (2) To determined the good time irrigation interval for watermelon production by using the drip irrigation with nylon rope emitter. The research was conducted at the research field with four-time irrigation intervals were 1,2,3, and 4 days of time irrigation interval. The research was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design. The result of the research showed that the time irrigation interval was not significantly affected yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon. The soil moisture in the root zone at 30 cm depth of 23,23—23,88% before irrigation still in range of the available soil moisture content for plants. The average of watermelon yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon were 5,07—5,45 kg/plant and 115,15—123,79 kg/m3. The good time interval of irrigation for watermelon production by using drip irrigation with rope emitter was 4 days time interval of irrigation.

Efficient removal of gaseous formaldehyde in air using hierarchical titanate nanospheres with in situ amine functionalization

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (27) ◽  
pp. 18161-18168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Shengwei Liu ◽  
Jiaguo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Amine Functionalization ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Formaldehyde Removal ◽  
Formaldehyde In Air ◽  
Gaseous Formaldehyde

Amine-grafted titanate nanospheres are fabricated as efficient and recyclable adsorbents for formaldehyde removal.

scholarly journals On-Line Gaseous Formaldehyde Detection Based on a Closed-Microfluidic-Circuit Analysis

Chemosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaïs Becker ◽  
Christina Andrikopoulou ◽  
Pierre Bernhardt ◽  
Claire Trocquet ◽  
Stéphane Le Calvé
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Liquid Solution ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Formaldehyde Concentration ◽  
Increase Rate ◽  
On Line ◽  
Gaseous Formaldehyde ◽  
Analytical Resolution ◽  
Analytical Device

This paper describes a compact microfluidic analytical device in a closed-circuit developed for the detection of low airborne formaldehyde levels. The detection is based on the passive trapping of gaseous formaldehyde through a microporous tube into the acetylacetone solution, the derivative reaction of formaldehyde with acetylacetone to form 3,5-Diacetyl-1,4-dihydrolutidine (DDL) and the detection of DDL by fluorescence. The recirculation mode of the analytical device means that the concentration measurement is carried out by quantification of the signal increase in the liquid mixture over time, the instantaneous signal increase rate being proportional to the surrounding gaseous formaldehyde concentration. The response of this novel microdevice is found to be linear in the range 0–278 µg m−3. The reagent volume needed is flexible and depends on the desired analytical resolution time and the concentration of gaseous formaldehyde in the environment. Indeed, if either the gaseous concentration of formaldehyde is high or the reagent volume is low, the fluorescence signal of this recirculating liquid solution will increase very rapidly. Consequently, the sensitivity simultaneously depends on both the reagent volume and the temporal resolution. Considering a reagent volume of 6 mL, the hourly and daily detection limits are 2 and 0.08 µg m−3, respectively, while the reagent autonomy is more than 4 days the airborne formaldehyde concentration does not exceed 50 µg m−3 as it is usually the case in domestic or public indoor environments.

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