scholarly journals Food Consumption Patterns of Adult Population in Rural and Urban Areas of Faizabad District of Uttar Pradesh, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 2080-2084 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

The relationship between new media exposure and fast food consumption among Chinese children and adolescents in school: a rural–urban comparison

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Valeria Hansstein ◽  
Yu Hong ◽  
Chen Di
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Fast Food Consumption

Background: In recent decades, China has experienced an exponential growth in the number of internet users, especially among the youngest population, as well as a rapid proliferation of Western-type fast food restaurants. The health consequences of internet availability and fast food consumption among youth have been largely studied in Western countries, but few studies have focused on China. Objectives: This paper has two goals. The first is to evaluate the differences in new media exposure and preferences for fast foods between rural and urban areas. The second goal is to test the association between new media exposure and fast food consumption. The targets of this analysis are Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–18 attending school at the time of the interview. Methods: Research hypotheses were tested using mean-groups comparisons for differences between rural urban sub-samples, and logistic regressions with odds ratios to estimate the relationship between media exposure and preferences towards fast foods. Cross-sectional data from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey were employed. Results: Watching online videos and playing computer games are behaviors associated with higher probabilities of eating at fast food restaurants in both rural and urban young residents, with higher odds in rural areas. Surfing the internet is associated with higher odds of being overweight in both rural and urban settings. Results also show that children living in rural areas spend significantly more time playing computer games, watching TV and videotapes, but less time doing homework than their urban peers. Conclusions: This paper suggests that monitoring the nutritional effects of new media exposure in China is of key importance in order to develop adequate health promotion policies, in both rural and urban areas.

Aflatoxin B1 Contamination in Wheat Grain Samples Collected from Different Geographical Regions of India: A Multicenter Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1463-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. TOTEJA ◽  
A. MUKHERJEE ◽  
S. DIWAKAR ◽  
PADAM SINGH ◽  
B. N. SAXENA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Geographical Regions

In a multicenter study conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research, 1,646 samples of wheat grain collected from rural and urban areas of 10 states representing different geographical regions of India were analyzed for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). AFB1 concentrations of ≥5 μg kg−1 were recorded in 40.3% of the samples, and concentrations above the Indian permissible regulatory limit of 30 μg kg−1 were found in 16% of the samples. The proportion of samples with AFB1 concentrations above the Indian regulatory limit ranged from 1.7 to 55.8% in different states, with the minimum in Haryana and the maximum in Orissa. The variation in wheat contamination among states seems to be mainly the result of unsatisfactory storage conditions. Median AFB1 concentrations of 11, 18, and 32 μg kg−1 were observed in samples from Uttar Pradesh, Assam, and Orissa, respectively; concentrations in other states were <5 μg kg−1. The maximum AFB1 concentration of 606 μg kg−1 was observed in a sample from the state of Uttar Pradesh. The calculated probable daily intakes of AFB1 through consumption of contaminated wheat for the population in some states were much higher than the suggested provisional maximum tolerable daily intake. Human health hazards associated with such AFB1 exposure over time cannot be ruled out.

scholarly journals High sodium food consumption pattern among Malaysian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad ◽  
Cheong Siew Man ◽  
Fatimah Othman ◽  
Feng J. He ◽  
Ruhaya Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Sodium

Abstract Background Sodium is an essential mineral needed by the human body that must be obtained from food. An excess intake, however, can lead to many diseases. As food is the main source of sodium, this study aims to provide information on high sodium food consumption patterns in the Malaysian adult population. Methods The Malaysian Community Salt Study (MyCoSS) was a nationwide cross-sectional study, conducted between October 2017 and March 2018. A multistage complex sample was applied to select a nationally representative sample of respondents aged 18 years and above. Face to face interview by a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) comprising 104 food items was used to gain information on high sodium food consumption patterns. Results A total of 1047 respondents were involved in this study, with 1032 (98.6%) answering the FFQ. From the number, 54.1% exceed the recommendation of sodium intake <2000mg/day by FFQ assessment. The results also demonstrated that fried vegetables (86.4%) were the most common high sodium food consumed, followed by bread (85.9%) and omelet (80.3%). In urban areas, bread was the most common while fried vegetables took the lead in rural areas. By sex, bread was most commonly eaten by males and fried vegetables by females. The results also found that kolok mee/kampua mee contributed the highest sodium, 256.5mg/day in 9.0% adult population, followed by soy sauce 248.1mg/day in 33.2% adult population, and curry noodles 164.2mg/day in 18.5% adult population. Conclusion Fried vegetables, bread, and soy sauce were the main source of sodium consumption among adult. Reducing the amount of sodium added to these foods should be the top priority to reduce population sodium intake and thereby prevent sodium-related diseases in Malaysia.

Factors affecting fear of crime: a study of elderly in a district of Uttar Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-227
Author(s):  
Avanish Bhai Patel
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Purpose Fear of crime is an emerging social problem in Indian society that has a significant impact on the quality of life of the elderly. In the view of this fact, the purpose of this paper is to examine the factors such as (prior victimisation, vulnerability and incivility) which contribute their role in bringing fear of crime among the elderly. Design/methodology/approach Mixed method approach has been applied in this paper. This study has been designed as an exploratory lead-in to a planned wider study into rural–urban context as possible factors in shaping the victimisation experience. The study has been conducted from October 2012 to January 2013 on a sample of 220 elderly living in both rural and urban areas of Lucknow in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Findings The study found that elderly have been victimised by known persons as compared to unknown persons. Further, the study found that immediate neighbourhood was swarming with loiters, unruly teenagers, gangs, beggars and alcoholic people walk in the society which have significantly impact on the elderly and give threat in neighbourhood. Originality/value This is an original work of researcher.

scholarly journals A community based comparative study on gender perceptions among married (reproductive age) women of rural and urban areas of district Gautam Buddha Nagar

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Amit Singh Pawaiya ◽  
Khushboo Juneja ◽  
Ajay Kumar Jha ◽  
Tuhina Shree ◽  
Ankita Makhija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background: The preference for a son over female offspring continues to be a prevailing norm within the ancient Indian family. Sons are expected to work within the fields, give bigger financial gain and look after parents. Additionally, in Indian patriarchal society, sons are a unit responsible for the preservation of the family name. The preference for a son and female feticide continues to be a prevailing norm in ancient Indian families (urban and rural) leading to declining sex ratio to an alarming level. With this background the following study was conducted in Gautam Buddha Nagar with the objective of finding out gender bias in rural and urban area.Methods: A study was carried out in rural and urban field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine, district Gautam Buddha Nagar of Uttar Pradesh. The study was conducted among 270 married women of reproductive age group. The women were interviewed using a semi structure questionnaire.Results: More than half of the respondents in the rural areas (57.7%) preferred son while in the urban areas, 43% of women preferred a son. The most important reason for preferring a son in the rural area was a support to the parents. While in urban area son was preferred because of the continuation of a family line.Conclusions: Preference for son was found to be high. Further amendments in the existing laws and quality education may help in breaking gender stereotypes and minimizing gender bias. 

scholarly journals Consumption patterns of edible insects in rural and urban areas of Zimbabwe: taste, nutritional value and availability are key elements for keeping the insect eating habit

Food Security ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith A. Manditsera ◽  
Catriona M. M. Lakemond ◽  
Vincenzo Fogliano ◽  
Cuthbert J. Zvidzai ◽  
Pieternel A. Luning
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Eating Habit ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Differences in participation rates between urban and rural areas are diminishing in Finland

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 755-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Tolonen ◽  
Päivikki Koponen ◽  
Katja Borodulin ◽  
Satu Männistö ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Increasing within-country migration from rural to urban areas is setting new challenges for survey organization. For example, the educational level of population in urban and rural areas differ, resulting in differences in health behaviours and health outcomes between areas. Data from the national cross-sectional surveys of the FINRISK Study conducted in Finland in 1997–2012 among the adult population were used. Women living in the capital region were more likely to be survey non-participants than women living in rural areas. The differences between rural and urban areas have diminished over time among men, but not among women. Even though participation rates between different levels of urbanizations are becoming similar, observed differences in population profiles – that is, educational level – between areas may bias survey results unless results are adequately adjusted.

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