scholarly journals Chaos from order: a network analysis of in-fighting before and after El Chapo’s arrest

Connections ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Darren Colby
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Bacterial Community Shift and Coexisting/Coexcluding Patterns Revealed by Network Analysis in a Uranium-Contaminated Site after Bioreduction Followed by Reoxidation

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Wei-Min Wu ◽  
David B. Watson ◽  
Erick Cardenas ◽  
Yuanqing Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACTA site in Oak Ridge, TN, USA, has sediments that contain >3% iron oxides and is contaminated with uranium (U). The U(VI) was bioreduced to U(IV) and immobilizedin situthrough intermittent injections of ethanol. It then was allowed to reoxidize via the invasion of low-pH (3.6 to 4.0), high-nitrate (up to 200 mM) groundwater back into the reduced zone for 1,383 days. To examine the biogeochemical response, high-throughput sequencing and network analysis were applied to characterize bacterial population shifts, as well as cooccurrence and coexclusion patterns among microbial communities. A pairedttest indicated no significant changes of α-diversity for the bioactive wells. However, both nonmetric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarity confirmed a significant distinction in the overall composition of the bacterial communities between the bioreduced and the reoxidized sediments. The top 20 major genera accounted for >70% of the cumulative contribution to the dissimilarity in the bacterial communities before and after the groundwater invasion.Castellaniellahad the largest dissimilarity contribution (17.7%). For the bioactive wells, the abundance of the U(VI)-reducing generaGeothrix,Desulfovibrio,Ferribacterium, andGeobacterdecreased significantly, whereas the denitrifyingAcidovoraxabundance increased significantly after groundwater invasion. Additionally, seven genera, i.e.,Castellaniella,Ignavibacterium,Simplicispira,Rhizomicrobium,AcidobacteriaGp1,AcidobacteriaGp14, andAcidobacteriaGp23, were significant indicators of bioactive wells in the reoxidation stage. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that nitrate, manganese, and pH affected mostly the U(VI)-reducing genera and indicator genera. Cooccurrence patterns among microbial taxa suggested the presence of taxa sharing similar ecological niches or mutualism/commensalism/synergism interactions.IMPORTANCEHigh-throughput sequencing technology in combination with a network analysis approach were used to investigate the stabilization of uranium and the corresponding dynamics of bacterial communities under field conditions with regard to the heterogeneity and complexity of the subsurface over the long term. The study also examined diversity and microbial community composition shift, the common genera, and indicator genera before and after long-term contaminated-groundwater invasion and the relationship between the target functional community structure and environmental factors. Additionally, deciphering cooccurrence and coexclusion patterns among microbial taxa and environmental parameters could help predict potential biotic interactions (cooperation/competition), shared physiologies, or habitat affinities, thus, improving our understanding of ecological niches occupied by certain specific species. These findings offer new insights into compositions of and associations among bacterial communities and serve as a foundation for future bioreduction implementation and monitoring efforts applied to uranium-contaminated sites.

scholarly journals A comparative network analysis of eating disorder psychopathology and co-occurring depression and anxiety symptoms before and after treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Smith ◽  
Tyler B. Mason ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
Li Cao ◽  
Rachel C. Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Network Strength ◽  
Eating Disorders Examination ◽  
Feeling Overwhelmed

AbstractBackgroundNetwork analysis is an emerging approach in the study of psychopathology, yet few applications have been seen in eating disorders (EDs). Furthermore, little research exists regarding changes in network strength after interventions. Therefore the present study examined the network structures of ED and co-occurring depression and anxiety symptoms before and after treatment for EDs.MethodParticipants from residential or partial hospital ED treatment programs (N = 446) completed assessments upon admission and discharge. Networks were estimated using regularized Graphical Gaussian Models using 38 items from the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.ResultsED symptoms with high centrality indices included a desire to lose weight, guilt about eating, shape overvaluation, and wanting an empty stomach, while restlessness, self-esteem, lack of energy, and feeling overwhelmed bridged ED to depression and anxiety symptoms. Comparisons between admission and discharge networks indicated the global network strength did not change significantly, though symptom severity decreased. Participants with denser networks at admission evidenced less change in ED symptomatology during treatment.ConclusionsFindings suggest that symptoms related to shape and weight concerns and guilt are central ED symptoms, while physical symptoms, self-esteem, and feeling overwhelmed are links that may underlie comorbidities in EDs. Results provided some support for the validity of network approaches, in that admission networks conveyed prognostic information. However, the lack of correspondence between symptom reduction and change in network strength indicates that future research is needed to examine network dynamics in the context of intervention and relapse prevention.

scholarly journals Don’t cry for me Britannia: The resilience of the European Union to Brexit

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narisong Huhe ◽  
Daniel Naurin ◽  
Robert Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Spatial Model ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Decision To Leave ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

We assess the impact of the United Kingdom’s 2016 decision to leave the European Union on the Council of the European Union, where Brexit is likely to have the clearest observable implications. Using concepts and models from the spatial model of politics and network analysis, we formulate and test expectations regarding the effects of Brexit. We examine two of the most prominent datasets on recent decision-making in the European Union, which include data on cooperation networks among member states before and after the 2016 referendum. Our findings identify some of the political challenges that Brexit will bring, but also highlight the factors that are already helping the European Union’s remaining member states to adapt to Brexit.

Nationalism Versus Animal Rights: A Semantic Network Analysis of Value Advocacy in Corporate Crisis

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimei Yang ◽  
Shari R. Veil
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Business Communication ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Semantic Network Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Corporate Crisis

This case study provides an illustrative example of how nationalism can be exploited to shift media attention in a crisis involving international organizations. Semantic network analysis is used to explore the relationships among different meanings packaged in a corporation’s value advocacy messages. The semantic network analysis shows the semantic structure of the value advocacy messages and maps the structure of media coverage before and after the advocacy messages were released. The findings indicate that the value advocacy campaign effectively diversified the focus of media coverage. Implications for business communication research and practice are provided.

scholarly journals Analysis of publications about strategy as practice: a mapping of the field by means of bibliometric and sociometric studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
André Luís Janzkovski Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Intellectual Structure ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Practice Approach ◽  
Strategy As Practice ◽  
The Web

The objective of this study is to present a comparative board of the evolution of the strategy as practice approach by means of sociometric and bibliometric analyzes combined with statistical techniques applied to the set of papers available on the Web Isi of Knowledge. The analyzes of periods before and after 2007 indicates evolution on the main group of authors of the strategy as practice approach, but yet with a high amount of peripheral authors. Results indicated a relationship between bibliometric and sociometric data and evidenced that network analysis is a relevant tool for treating data allowing the comprehension of the intellectual structure of a discipline, the identification of significant differences between periods in terms of productivity of authors and the inference about possible evolutionary patterns.

scholarly journals Language network reorganization before and after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Olivia Foesleitner ◽  
Benjamin Sigl ◽  
Victor Schmidbauer ◽  
Karl-Heinz Nenning ◽  
Ekaterina Pataraia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
Language Dominance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Left And Right

OBJECTIVEEpilepsy surgery is the recommended treatment option for patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). This method offers a good chance of seizure freedom but carries a considerable risk of postoperative language impairment. The extremely variable neurocognitive profiles in surgical epilepsy patients cannot be fully explained by extent of resection, fiber integrity, or current task-based functional MRI (fMRI). In this study, the authors aimed to investigate pathology- and surgery-triggered language organization in TLE by using fMRI activation and network analysis as well as considering structural and neuropsychological measures.METHODSTwenty-eight patients with unilateral TLE (16 right, 12 left) underwent T1-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and task-based language fMRI pre- and postoperatively (n = 15 anterior temporal lobectomy, n = 11 selective amygdalohippocampectomy, n = 2 focal resection). Twenty-two healthy subjects served as the control cohort. Functional connectivity, activation maps, and laterality indices for language dominance were analyzed from fMRI data. Postoperative fractional anisotropy values of 7 major tracts were calculated. Naming, semantic, and phonematic verbal fluency scores before and after surgery were correlated with imaging parameters.RESULTSfMRI network analysis revealed widespread, bihemispheric alterations in language architecture that were not captured by activation analysis. These network changes were found preoperatively and proceeded after surgery with characteristic patterns in the left and right TLEs. Ipsilesional fronto-temporal connectivity decreased in both left and right TLE. In left TLE specifically, preoperative atypical language dominance predicted better postoperative verbal fluency and naming function. In right TLE, left frontal language dominance correlated with good semantic verbal fluency before and after surgery, and left fronto-temporal language laterality predicted good naming outcome. Ongoing seizures after surgery (Engel classes ID–IV) were associated with naming deterioration irrespective of seizure side. Functional findings were not explained by the extent of resection or integrity of major white matter tracts.CONCLUSIONSFunctional connectivity analysis contributes unique insight into bihemispheric remodeling processes of language networks after epilepsy surgery, with characteristic findings in left and right TLE. Presurgical contralateral language recruitment is associated with better postsurgical language outcome in left and right TLE.

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