scholarly journals The Self-Concordance Model: The Effects of Autonomy, Effort and Goal Progress on Subjective Well-Being in the US and Russia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry D. Suchkov
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Goal Progress ◽  
The Us

Heterogenizing and Enriching the Self

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert J. M Hermans
Keyword(s):  
Communication Channels ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Dynamic Relationship

A central feature of a democratic self is its heterogeneity, expressed in its diversity of positions and richness of experience. Heterogeneity is explored by examining three phenomena: the multiplicity of subjective well-being; the polarity between shadow and shining positions in the self; and the dynamic relationship between comfort, challenge and danger zones in the self-space. The existence of shadow positions is elaborated by a discussion of scapegoating and the construction of an enemy image. Furthermore, the concepts of homophily and heterophily are compared. Homophily refers to the finding that contact between similar people occurs at a higher rate than among dissimilar people. Heterophily refers to the tendency to communicate with people who are dissimilar to one’s own views, values, and experiences. Enlarging the communication channels between I-positions requires both tendencies, because homophily facilitates efficiency of communication, while heterophily stimulates innovation.

The Covid-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom and subjective well-being: Have the self-employed suffered more due to hours and income reductions?

2021 ◽  
pp. 026624262098676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yue ◽  
Marc Cowling
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Rare Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Hours Of Work ◽  
Period Data ◽  
The Uk

It is well documented that the self-employed experience higher levels of happiness than waged employees even when their incomes are lower. Given the UK government’s asymmetric treatment of waged workers and the self-employed, we use a unique Covid-19 period data set which covers the months leading up to the March lockdown and the months just after to assess three aspects of the Covid-19 crisis on the self-employed: hours of work reductions, the associated income reductions and the effects of both on subjective well-being. Our findings show the large and disproportionate reductions in hours and income for the self-employed directly contributed to a deterioration in their levels of subjective well-being compared to waged workers. It appears that their resilience was broken when faced with the reality of dealing with rare events, particularly when the UK welfare support response was asymmetric and favouring waged employees.

scholarly journals Screening Using the SDQ Total Difficulties Scale: An Analog Test of Three Cutoff Values

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler L Renshaw
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Analog Test ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Cutoff Values ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties

This brief report presents an analog test of the relative classification validity of three cutoff values (CVs; 16, 18, and 20) derived from responses to the self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: Total Difficulties Scale. Results from Bayesian t-tests, using several school-specific subjective well-being indicators as dependent variables, yielded evidence suggesting all CV models effectively differentiated between students with lower and higher levels of risk. Evidence also indicated that the lowest CV (16) was more effective than the higher CVs (18, 20) at identifying students with greater levels of risk, and that the higher CVs functioned comparably well. Implications for future research and practice are noted.

scholarly journals Feeling Interpersonally Controlled While Pursuing Materialistic Goals: A Problematic Combination for Moral Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1330-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennon M. Sheldon ◽  
Nicolas Sommet ◽  
Mike Corcoran ◽  
Andrew J. Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Goal ◽  
Immoral Behavior ◽  
Complex Approach

We created a life-goal assessment drawing from self-determination theory and achievement goal literature, examining its predictive power regarding immoral behavior and subjective well-being. Our source items assessed direction and energization of motivation, via the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic aims and between intrinsic and extrinsic reasons for acting, respectively. Fused source items assessed four goal complexes representing a combination of direction and energization. Across three studies ( Ns = 109, 121, and 398), the extrinsic aim/extrinsic reason complex was consistently associated with immoral and/or unethical behavior beyond four source and three other goal complex variables. This was consistent with the triangle model of responsibility’s claim that immoral behaviors may result when individuals disengage the self from moral prescriptions. The extrinsic/extrinsic complex also predicted lower subjective well-being, albeit less consistently. Our goal complex approach sheds light on how self-determination theory’s goal contents and organismic integration mini-theories interact, particularly with respect to unethical behavior.

General Need for Autonomy and Subjective Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis of Studies in the US and East Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1863-1882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Yu ◽  
Chantal Levesque-Bristol ◽  
Yukiko Maeda
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Declining well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic reveals US social inequities

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254114
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Bathina ◽  
Marijn ten Thij ◽  
Danny Valdez ◽  
Lauren A. Rutter ◽  
Johan Bollen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Communities Of Color ◽  
The Us ◽  
Over Time

Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to mental health fallout in the US; yet research about mental health and COVID-19 primarily rely on samples that may overlook variance in regional mental health. Indeed, between-city comparisons of mental health decline in the US may provide further insight into how the pandemic is disproportionately affecting at-risk groups. Purpose This study leverages social media and COVID-19-city infection data to measure the longitudinal (January 22- July 31, 2020) mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in 20 metropolitan areas. Methods We used longitudinal VADER sentiment analysis of Twitter timelines (January-July 2020) for cohorts in 20 metropolitan areas to examine mood changes over time. We then conducted simple and multivariate Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regressions to examine the relationship between COVID-19 infection city data, population, population density, and city demographics on sentiment across those 20 cities. Results Longitudinal sentiment tracking showed mood declines over time. The univariate OLS regression highlighted a negative linear relationship between COVID-19 city data and online sentiment (β = -.017). Residing in predominantly white cities had a protective effect against COVID-19 driven negative mood (β = .0629, p < .001). Discussion Our results reveal that metropolitan areas with larger communities of color experienced a greater subjective well-being decline than predominantly white cities, which we attribute to clinical and socioeconomic correlates that place communities of color at greater risk of COVID-19. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic is a driver of declining US mood in 20 metropolitan cities. Other factors, including social unrest and local demographics, may compound and exacerbate mental health outlook in racially diverse cities.

scholarly journals PROCRASTINATION AND SELF-CONCEPT IN MORE/LESS CONSCIENTIOUS STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Berinšterová ◽  
◽  
Miroslava Bozogáňová ◽  
Monika Magdová ◽  
Jana Kapová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated

"Given its significant negative consequences for university students, procrastination has been studied extensively and shown to be associated with conscientiousness as a personality trait. Involving 333 university students doing teacher training programmes (68.5% female; Mage=20.51 (SD=1.61); 83.48% undergraduates doing a bachelor’s degree), our study aimed to explore the association between procrastination among more/less conscientious students and selected self-concept variables (self-control, self-efficacy, etc.). Our questionnaire was based on the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (Gosling, Rentfrow, Swann, 2003), the Self-Control Scale (Finkenauer, Engels, Baumeister, 2005), the Self-efficacy Scale (Ko?š, Hefteyova, Schwarzer, Jerusalem, 1993), and the Procrastination Scale for Student Populations (Gabrhelík, 2008); our control variables were gender and well- being (Subjective Well-Being Scale, Chan-Hoong, Soon, 2011). The sample was divided into two groups – (1) less conscientious and (2) more conscientious) – using the method of visual binning in SPSS 20. A t-test for independent samples and linear regression were used for data analysis. The less conscientious students in our sample reported a higher level of procrastination (t=6.479; df=310; p?0.001; Cohen's d=0.681). A linear model was conducted for both groups (the dependent variable being the level of procrastination, the independent variables being gender and the levels of self-control, self-efficacy, and well-being). Both models were significant ((1) F=8.449; p?0.001; R2=32.6; (2) F= 7.277; p?0.001; R2=25.7). Among the less conscientious students, the levels of self-control (?=-0.546; t=-5.262; p?0.001) and self-efficacy (?=-0.238; t=-2.092; p?0.001) were negatively associated with procrastination. Among the more conscientious students, the level of self-control (?=0.404; t=-3.929; p?0.001) was negatively associated with procrastination and “being a man” (0–man; 1–woman) (?=-0.307; t=-3.219; p?0.05) was significantly associated with the level of procrastination. The results of our study show trait and personality differences in the level of procrastination, highlighting the importance of self-control and self-efficacy development among university students. Interactive programmes with an impact on students’ self-concept can be a significant contribution to students’ ability to cope with their study requirements effectively. It could be argued that the limits of this study include cross-sectional and self-reported data."

scholarly journals Subjective Social Class and Life Satisfaction: The Role of Class Consistency and Identity Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bek Wuay Tang ◽  
Jacinth Jia Xin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
Relative Benefit ◽  
The Us ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Subjective Social Class

Drawing on a recent perspective that inconsistent class identities can negatively impact psychological outcomes, the current research explored if the relative benefit of higher subjective social class for life satisfaction would differ depending on whether it is consistent with one’s objective social class. In Study 1, across two independent samples from Singapore (N = 1045) and the US (N = 492), higher subjective social class predicted higher life satisfaction more strongly among those high in objective social class, but less strongly among those low in objective social class. In Study 2, these patterns were replicated in another large US sample (N = 1030), and appeared to be driven by lower status-based identity uncertainty (SBIU) linked to higher subjective social class perceptions among high objective social class participants. The role of class-identity perceptions in explaining social class disparities in subjective well-being is discussed.

scholarly journals ASPEK DAN PENILAIAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF: KEBAHAGIAAN, KEGEMBIRAAN, KEPUASAN DAN KUALITI HIDUP

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-112
Author(s):  
Nik Shahrizan Nik Mad ◽  
Marzudi Md Yunus ◽  
Muhammad Shamsinor Abdul Azziz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Self Assessment

Subjective well-being is the self-assessment of happiness, pleasure, satisfaction and quality of life, measured specifically and holistically. The assessment of subjective well-being is varied based on the area of focus of the researcher. Events that occur over some time also could affect an individual’s evaluation. Various factors assess well-being, such as character, love, wisdom, excitement and experiences leading to a good life. The evaluation of the positive and negative effects also affects the subjects’ emotions and mood during a study. Earlier studies showed that well-being is not merely related to income and ownership, but issues on health, activities, personality, emotions, mood, family, environment and various other factors. Therefore, this article aims to discuss aspects, assessment methods, theories and progress based on articles, books and research related to subjective well-being. This study utilises the literature review approach to collect data on subjective well-being. The finding shows that the level of subjective well-being is diverse and dynamic, and not limited to certain aspects and factors that could affect humans. Keywords: subjective well-being; self-assessment; happiness; life satisfaction; quality of life.

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