scholarly journals Assessment of metallic trace elements contamination in a mining area of the processing of Djebel Onk phosphate ore (Algeria)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Bilal BOUMAZA ◽  
◽  
Tatyana Vladimirovna CHEKUSHINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristic ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Mine Site ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Metallic Trace Elements ◽  
Phosphate Mine ◽  
Eastern Algeria

Research relevance. Phosphate mining activities are one of the main sources of contamination by heavy metals since they harmfully affect the soil and lead to the degradation of the ecosphere. Research aim. This study aims at characterizing and evaluating the metallic contamination of soils in the vicinity of the Djebel Onk mine in the town of Bir El Ater (Wilaya of Tébessa) in eastern Algeria, and particularly focusing on estimating the spatial variability of this contamination and the extent of the contaminated area. Methodology. The physicochemical characteristic (pH) was determined by pH-meter, whereas AAS was used for the determination of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd) in the examined soil Research results. The results reveal that soils that are close to the mine site studied and even those that are far away are heavily contaminated with heavy metals — lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd); the results also point out to a high variability of concentrations not only between sampling sites but also within the same mine site. The analysed soil pollution index is generally high even for soils sampled downstream more than 30 km from the mine site, whereas it is extremely high on the surface of the tailings slopes, underlining the fact that tailings are considered perennial sources of heavy metal contamination in their current state. Conclusion. The unhealthy area affected by metal pollution from mining sites in the Djebel Onk is very large as a result of the dispersion, by wind and water transport, of residual pollutants from the mine wastes abandoned on site. Remediation measures must be put into place to immobilize the pollutants and limit their spread to the environment Keywords: Soil contamination, Algeria, heavy metals, phosphate mine, pollution index.

scholarly journals Heavy metal composition of maize and tomato grown on contaminated soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-426
Author(s):  
A.O. Adekiya ◽  
A.P. Oloruntoba ◽  
S.O. Ojeniyi ◽  
B.S. Ewulo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

Abstract The study investigated the level of heavy metal contamination in plants {maize (Zea mays) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)} from thirty soil samples of three locations (Epe, Igun and Ijana) in the Ilesha gold mining area, Osun State, Nigeria. Total concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Spatial variations were observed for all metals across the locations which was adduced to pH and the clay contents of the soils of each location. The results showed that heavy metals are more concentrated in the areas that are closer to the mining site and the concentrations in soil and plants (maize and tomato) decreased with increasing perpendicular distance from the mining site, indicating that the gold mine was the main sources of pollution. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in plants (tomato and maize) samples were considered to be contaminated as As, Cd and Pb respectively ranged from 0.6 - 2.04 mg kg-1, 0.8 - 5.2 mg kg-1, 0.8 - 3.04 mg kg-1 for tomato and respectively 0.60 - 2.00 mg kg-1, 1.50 - 4.60 mg kg-1 and 0.90 - 2.50 mg kg-1 for maize. These levels exceeded the maximum permissible limits set by FAO/WHO for vegetables. In conclusion, monitoring of crops for toxic heavy metals is essential for food safety in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Studies for Risk Identification, Assessment, and Characterization of Artisanal Barite Mining in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 12982
Author(s):  
David Oluwasegun Afolayan ◽  
Carrick McAfee Eggleston ◽  
Azikiwe Peter Onwualu ◽  
Adelana Rasak Adetunji ◽  
Mingjiang Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Sites

Over 90% of barite mining activities in Nigeria are carried out by artisanal and small-scale miners (ASMs), and up to 75% of these miners operate informally, without mining license and rights. Such mining activities endanger human lives through the uncontrolled release of toxic heavy metals and other pollutants which are major causes and consequences of severe health hazards in children and adults living close to the mining sites. This paper is in two parts. The first section assesses the extent of heavy metal contamination of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ba, and Zn in drinking water by the mine water and tailing effluents. The second section estimates heavy metals’ toxicity and exposure level and analyzes and characterizes other human health risks in tailing effluents selected from three barite mining sites in Nigeria. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) results show that the concentrations of Ba and Pb among other heavy metals are above the allowable limits for drinking water. Index of geo-accumulation (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF) for Ba, Fe, and Pb were classified as moderately to extremely polluted (based on the Igeo) and highly contaminated (based on the CF). The calculated non-carcinogenic risk for Ba is 0.87 and 0.99 for Pb. HQ/HI (health quotient/health index) for Zn, Cu, and Fe is ≤0.005. The results indicate that some precautionary measures should be taken to avert the non-carcinogenic risk of Ba and Pb. It is important that barite mining is carried out in a responsible manner, respecting local and national mining laws and global environmental standards.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Levels in Soil and Vegetables in Some Farms Around Mining Sites in Mangu Local Government Area Plateau State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nanven D Nimyel ◽  
Elizabeth S. Chundusu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Human Food Chain ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Slight Contamination

When the mining process is not properly controlled, it can be a source of heavy metals pollution in the environment. The uptake of these heavy metals in edible parts of vegetables can be a direct source of the metals into the human food chain. This study assessed the concentrations of lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) in soil and vegetables obtained from nine (9) farms around mining sites in Mangu LGA. Concentrations of heavy metals in soil and vegetables were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results revealed the concentrations of the heavy metals at the farms to be within the recommended maximum levels of world soils but were higher than their respective controls. This implies that the artisanal mining contributed to the increased values of these heavy metals in the environment. Also, the mean concentrations of the heavy metals at Mangu Halle mining site decreased in the order Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cd whereas at Alogwom it decreased in the order Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr > Cd. The enrichment factor (EF) of the elements showed deficiency to minimum enrichment for all the heavy metals whereas the pollution index (PI) of the metals indicated very slight contamination to moderate pollution. The results of the heavy metals in the vegetables showed that the bioaccumulation of the metals followed a pattern: Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd > Ni. Levels of Cd, Pb and Ni in the vegetables were observed to be higher than the recommended limit for vegetables whereas Cu, Cr and Zn exhibited lower values than recommended standards. Thus, their consumption might pose health risk to consumers and therefore there is the need for proper monitoring of the illegal mining activities to reduce health risk and the extent of heavy metals contamination.

scholarly journals Measures of Harm from Heavy Metal Pollution in Battery Technicians’ Workshop within Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Olawale SAWYERR ◽  
Morufu Olalekan RAIMI ◽  
Adedotun Timothy ADEOLU ◽  
Oluwaseun Emmanuel ODIPE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Slight Contamination

Soil pollution with Heavy Metals (HMs) has been of much interests lately and is one of the major issues to be faced globally and requires attention because heavy metals above their normal ranges are extremely threatened to both biotic and abiotic life. It was therefore of interest to conduct study to assess the extent of heavy-metal contamination of soils within battery technicians’ workshops within Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of twenty-five composite soil samples were collected from six selected battery charger workshop within Ilorin metropolis and analyzed for the presence of heavy metals using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Result reveals significant positive relationship between Mn and Fe (r=0.511**, p<0.001), Mn and Cu (r=0.565**, p<0.001), Fe and Cr (r=0.895**, p<0.001), Fe and Cu (r=0.823**, p<0.001) and between Cr and Cu (r=830**, p<0.001). Result also shows significant negative relationship between Mn and Cr (r=-0.679**, p<0.001), Pb and Cu (r=-0.468*, p<0.05) respectively. The pollution status of heavy metals in soils was evaluated using quantitative indices (pollution index–PI). The result shows that Zn was moderately contaminated while other heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu) had very slight contamination (pollution index<0.1). The Ilorin metropolis soils of Kwara State were found to have a moderate to very slight contamination respectively. Large variations in PI values of Zn revealed that soil in those areas of the city, which are influenced by anthropogenic activities, have moderate concentrations of Zn resulting in “considerable risk”. The findings of this study recommend comprehensive continuous annual monitoring and auditing and further studies on the level of these heavy metals in the near future to ascertain long-term effects of anthropogenic impact is forestalled to protect the men and the environment. This should also involve larger coverage with studies on ground water around such locations. Furthermore, continuous metals speciation should be carried out so that the form and extent of metal bioavailability can be evaluated further.

scholarly journals Heavy metal contamination of the Curonian Lagoon bottom sediments (Lithuanian waters area)

Baltica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kęstutis Jokšas ◽  
Arūnas Galkus ◽  
Rimutė Stakėnienė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Curonian Lagoon ◽  
Aquatic Area ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations

Samples of surface (0–3 cm) bottom sediments of the Lithuanian aquatic area of the Curonian Lagoon and Nemunas River delta were taken from 41 sites in 2013 and 2014. Sediment parameters, such as the percentage of particles, concentration of organic carbon and heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Hg), were determined. The heavy metal contamination of the surface layer of bottom sediments was determined using the Nemerov’s pollution index applied to soil. The spatial distribution of contamination indices and the dependence of contamination dynamics on sedimentation factors were analysed. It was determined that heavy metal concentrations had a tendency to increase as sediment particles became finer and as Corg concentration increased. A greater amount of pollutants got into the aquatic area of the Curonian Lagoon that was closer to the Klaipėda harbour than into other lagoon zones. The heavy metals for the integral pollution index for the Curonian Lagoon and Nemunas River delta surface bottom sediments could be arranged in the following order: Cd>Pb>Cu>Ni>Hg>Cr>Zn.

scholarly journals Real-Time Detection Method for Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil of Mining Area

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Real Time Detection

<p>Solid wastes and acid wastewater lead to the enrichment of heavy metals in the soil of mining area. Heavy metal pollution causes the decline of soil quality, ecosystem degradation, crop yield reduction, and even threatens human health. For this reason, the real-time detection method for heavy metal pollution in mining area is studied. Taking a mining area as an example, the data of heavy metal content in mining area soil are collected by PLSR model. Based on the collected data, the real-time detection model of heavy metal pollution in mining area soil based on improved analytic hierarchy process and weighted average method is adopted to real-time detect the heavy metal pollution index in the soil of mining area. The results show that the pollution index of Cu, Zn and Pb in the soil of this mining area belongs to heavy pollution, and the pollution of Cd is relatively small. Among them, the pollution index of Pb is the largest among the four heavy metals, and the pollution is quite serious. The pollution sources of Pb, Zn and Cu in this mining area are the same, and the pollution sources of Cd are different from those of other three heavy metals.</p>

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soils around Coal Mine Spoil Piles in Shiguai District of Baotou, Inner Mongolia, Northern China

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2068-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Xin Zhao ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Wen Hui Sun ◽  
Wei Nan Gao ◽  
Xiao Ling Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Mine Spoil ◽  
Pollution Level

The concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn and Fe) were studied around coal mine spoil piles in Shiguai district of Baotou located in Inner Mongolia grassland and desert transition zone. Aim of the study is to control soil heavy metal pollution of coal mining area and provide the basic data information. The results indicated that concentrations of Cu, Cr, Ni and Zn in the soil along the roadsides were higher than other sampling areas. The pollution characteristic and the elements of heavy metal contamination were corresponding with the concentrations of the different types of coal mine spoils. According to the single factor pollution index, soils from different regions were contaminated by Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn and Fe in varying degree. The pollution degree was in order: Cu > Cr > Fe > Zn > Ni > Mn. Nemerow’s synthetical pollution index indicated that soils from the roadsides had the most serious heavy metal contamination, the index was 3.11. The order of pollution level in different regions was: roadsides > flood land > farmland > woodland. The health and stabilization of environmental quality are being threatened by soil heavy metals.

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Paddy Soils from Daye Mining Area of Hubei Province, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 434-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Qin Yin ◽  
Qing Bin Sun ◽  
Xue Qiang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Metal Mine ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination

The occurrence and distribution of heavy metals (including copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn)) in paddy soils from the Daye mining area were investigated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) using the flame and graphite furnace method. The pollution of all metals investigated was found in paddy soil samples from the Daye mining area. Additionally, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations at the sampling sites near the quarries and mines located in the central and eastern part of Daye were higher than those at the other sampling sites. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) of the heavy metal concentrations showed that the mine might be an important contributor to heavy metals contamination. PCA analysis extracted two factors that explained 67% of the total variables. The source of Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb would be primarily the deposition of aerosol particles emitted by metal smelting, manufacturing and traffic, acid mine drainage and metal mine waste rock and long-term stockpiling of tailings. Ni and Cr were controlled by parent material in the soils. Evaluation of heavy metals contamination of paddy soils indicated that the Cd contamination was the most widespread, followed Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb.

scholarly journals Estimation of heavy metal contamination in the Hindon River, India: an environmetric approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Mishra ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Prabhakar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Freshwater Resource ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
Index Value

AbstractThe Hindon River is a major freshwater resource predominantly for the rural population of the western region in Uttar Pradesh, India. The river receives industrial wastewaters having heavy metals concentration at potentially toxic levels. The focus of this study is to estimate the heavy metals (such as Fe, Cu, Zn and Cr) contamination in the Hindon River using Nemerow pollution index followed by environmetrics to identify their pollution source. The water samples are collected from 28 industrial discharge sites in the river to analyze metals concentration during pre- and post-monsoon months. The estimated Nemerow pollution index value is more than 3 indicating severely contaminated river water. Principal component analysis results confirm that Fe and Cu are the major contaminants in the river, which indicates the direct input of wastewater from electroplating industries. Therefore, it is suggested that a strategic eco-conservation plan should be formulated and implemented in advance to prevent the deterioration of the water quality and aquatic life.

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