scholarly journals Pesan Suci yang Terkontaminasi: Suatu Tinjauan atas Pendekatan Pascakolonial Sugirtharajah dan Konteks Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Haleluya Timbo Hutabarat
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Biblical Criticism ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Persistent Violence ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Abstract The history of religions records the existence of persistent violence in religions. Many rulers, with the help of clergies, misuse sacred texts for their conquering interests. The coming of Christianity to Indonesia was linked to Western colonialism with its exploitating ambition. Todate, the fruit of the agenda of misusing Scriptures can still be found in the theology and traditions of the Indonesian churches. This study presents the post-colonial biblical criticism of Sugirtharajah as an inclusive, collaborative hermeneutic umbrella for efforts to liberatetexts, traditions, and contexts of Indonesia. Rasiah S. Sugirtharajah has pioneered the post-colonial biblical criticism as a hermeneutics that criticizes domination and alienation. This study looks at the relevance of Sugirtharajah’s thinking for the context of Indonesian Christianity. The methods used include qualitative literature review on the postcolonialpublication in Indonesia to find out the progress of the existing post-colonial hermeneutic works. Abstrak Sejarah agama-agama mencatat hadirnya kekerasan secara persisten. Penguasa, dengan bantuan rohaniwan, sering kali menyisipkan kepentingan penaklukannya ke dalam penggunaan ayat-ayat suci. Kekristenan di Indonesia datang berkaitan dengan kolonialisme Barat dengan ambisi eksploitatifnya. Dalam hal itu terjadi juga kolaborasi saling menguntungkan antara misionaris dan penguasa (ekonomi dan militer) kolonial. Produk agenda penundukan dan pembodohan yang menggunakan ayat-ayat Kitab Suci masih terasa dalam teologi dan tradisi gereja Indonesia hingga sekarang. Bentuk kolonialismebaru juga terus bermekaran di dalam dan sekitar gereja. Studi ini menyelidiki pendekatanhermeneutik yang dapat melawan upaya mengkontaminasi Kitab Suci. Studi ini menyuguhkan Kritik Alkitabiah Pascakolonial Sugirtharajah sebagai payung hermeneutis kolaboratif inklusif bagi banyak upaya membebaskan teks, tradisi, dan konteks. Metode yang dipakai adalah analisis historis mengikuti kerangka teori Sugirtharajah. Juga dilakukan tinjauan literatur terhadap buku-buku teologi bernafas pascakolonial yang banyak dipakai di Indonesia guna melihat sejauh mana upaya pascakolonial telah ada sekaligus perlu dikembangkan sesuai pemikiran Sugirtharajah. Hasil studi ini diharapkan bisa membantu kekristenan Indonesia untuk lebih merdeka dan terampil dalam membebaskan teks, teologi, tradisi, dan penafsiran Alkitab secara pascakolonial berdasarkan konteks semesta dan manusia Indonesia.

Religion in the Making? Animality, Savagery, and Civilization in the Work of A. N. Whitehead

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-304
Author(s):  
Clare Palmerl
Keyword(s):  
Writing Process ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
Colonial Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behaviors

AbstractConstructions of the animal and animality are often pivotal to religious discourses. Such constructions create the possibility of identifying and valuing what is "human" as opposed to the "animal" and also of distinguishing human beliefs and behaviors that can be characterized (and often disparaged) as being animal from those that are "truly human." Some discourses also employ the concept of savagery as a bridge between the human and the animal, where the form of humanity but not its ideal beliefs and practices can be displayed. This paper explores the work of the influential scientist, philosopher, and theologian A. N. Whitehead in this context. His ideas of what constitutes "the animal." the "primitive" and the "civilized" are laid out explicitly in his now little-used history of religions text, Religion in the Making.This paper explores these ideas in this history and then considers how the same ideas permeate his currently more popular philosophical and theological writing Process and Reolity. Drawing on some work in post-colonial theory the paper offers a critique of this understanding of animality, savagery, and civilization and suggests that using Whitehead to underpin modern theological work requires considerable caution.

Religion in the Making? Animality, Savagery, and Civilization in the Work of A. N. Whitehead

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Writing Process ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
Colonial Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behaviors

AbstractConstructions of the animal and animality are often pivotal to religious discourses. Such constructions create the possibility of identifying and valuing what is "human" as opposed to the "animal" and also of distinguishing human beliefs and behaviors that can be characterized (and often disparaged) as being animal from those that are "truly human." Some discourses also employ the concept of savagery as a bridge between the human and the animal, where the form of humanity but not its ideal beliefs and practices can be displayed. This paper explores the work of the influential scientist, philosopher, and theologian A. N. Whitehead in this context. His ideas of what constitutes "the animal," the "primitive" and the "civilized" are laid out explicitly in his now little-used history of religions text, Religion in the Making. This paper explores these ideas in this history and then considers how the same ideas permeate his currently more popular philosophical and theological writing Process and Reality. Drawing on some work in post-colonial theory, the paper offers a critique of this understanding of animality, savagery, and civilization and suggests that using Whitehead to underpin modern theological work requires considerable caution.

A literature review of the evolution of British prefabricated low-rise housing

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O'Neill ◽  
Samantha Organ
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Research Area ◽  
First Century ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Journal Publication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore academic papers and reports and present a chronology of the evolution of British low-rise prefabricated housing. The paper provides chronological information for construction and surveying researchers undertaking research in associated areas. Design/methodology/approach – This is a qualitative literature review, providing an exploration and analysis of academic papers and reports on low-rise prefabricated housing. Findings – A substantial literature was discovered. However, there are gaps in the available literature. The history of British construction technology is a rich research area but is under-researched. Prefabricated housing has a long history dating back to the eleventh century. Stigmatised from the failures of housing in the twentieth century, it is being increasingly used again in the twenty-first century when considering mass housing supply. Research limitations/implications – This paper provides researchers with an overview of the history of low-rise prefabricated housing in Britain. It is not a comprehensive in-depth study; such would require numerous larger individual studies. Originality/value – From reviewing literature it was evident that there was a broad literature, but there was no single journal publication exploring the evolution of British low-rise prefabricated housing. The research provides an overview, exploration and analysis of the literature while providing a chronology. The evolution of prefabricated housing is chronologically presented. Areas for further research are also recommended.

The Qur'an's Contribution to Biblical Criticism

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-176
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khalifa Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Biblical Criticism ◽  
Critical Awareness ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Science ◽  
Muslim Scholars ◽  
The Way ◽  
Ibn Hazm

The Islamic science of Biblical Criticism is one of the earliest to emerge from the study of the Qur'an. It was developed by Muslim scholars specialising in the history of religions and reached its peak with the contributions of Ibn Ḥazm al-Andalūsī in the fifth/twelfth century. This ‘traditional’ Islamic science has more recently been complemented by the incorporation of Western Biblical Criticism Theory in the works of Raḥmat Allah al-Hindī, Ismāʿīl al-Fārūqī, Muḥammad Khalīfa Ḥasan, and others. This study will seek to determine the role of the Qur'an in the establishment of the Islamic science of Biblical Criticism and its centrality as a source for this discipline, through the elaboration of certain principles, such as the moderating position of the Qur'an between the Tanakh and Christian Bible, and the moderating position of Islam between Judaism and Christianity. Among these principles are the Qur'an's critical awareness and theories of taḥrīf and tabdīl, for example. The objectivity of the Qur'an is shown in the way it accepts previous revealed texts, and acknowledges them as a matter of belief, while seeking at the same time to conclusively clarify the revelation. In conclusion, this paper urges the usefulness of the Qur'an as a source of Biblical Criticism and Jewish and Christian interpretation and exegesis of the Tanakh and the Christian Bible.

Pneumomediastinum: A Rare Presentation of Inflicted Injuries in Infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lee ◽  
Adam Bajinting ◽  
Abby Lunneen ◽  
Colleen M. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Gustavo A. Villalona
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Nonaccidental Trauma ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
History Of

AbstractReports of incidental pneumomediastinum in infants secondary to inflicted trauma are limited. A retrospective review of infants with pneumomediastinum and history of inflicted trauma was performed. A comprehensive literature review was performed. Three infants presented with pneumomediastinum associated with inflicted trauma. Mean age was 4.6 weeks. All patients underwent diagnostic studies, as well as a standardized evaluation for nonaccidental trauma. All patients with pneumomediastinum were resolved at follow-up. Review of the literature identified other cases with similar presentations with related oropharyngeal injuries. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in previously healthy infants may be associated with inflicted injuries. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of an oropharyngeal perforation related to this presentation.

Interfaith relations in the context of freedom of religion

1996 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Babiy
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Freedom Of Religion ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
International Round ◽  
International Round Table

This is extremely relevant and very important both in theoretical and practical dimensions, the problem was at the center of the discussions of the international scientific conference, which took place on May 6-7, 1996 in Lviv. The mentioned conference was one of the main events within the framework of the VI International Round Table "History of Religions in Ukraine", at its meetings 3-6, as well as on issues of outstanding dates in the history of the development of religious life in Ukraine on the 8th of May: "400 "the anniversary of the Brest Union", and "400th anniversary of the birth of Peter Mohyla"

Perfection Makes Practice

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-100
Author(s):  
Muhamad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Psychological Dimension ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Complex Dimensions ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of

Studies of Islam in Southeast Asia have sought to better understand its multifacetedand complex dimensions, although one may make a generalizedcategorization of Muslim beliefs and practices based on a fundamental differencein ideologies and strategies, such as cultural and political Islam.Anna M. Gade’s Perfection Makes Practice stresses the cultural aspect ofIndonesian Muslim practices by analyzing the practices of reciting andmemorizing the Qur’an, as well as the annual competition.Muslim engagement with the Qur’an has tended to emphasize the cognitiveover the psychological dimension. Perfection Makes Practice analyzesthe role of emotion in these undertakings through a combination ofapproaches, particularly the history of religions, ethnography, psychology,and anthropology. By investigating Qur’anic practitioners in Makassar,South Sulawesi, during the 1990s, Gade argues that the perfection of theQur’an as a perceived, learned, and performed text has made and remade thepractitioners, as well as other members of the Muslim community, to renewor increase their engagement with the holy text. In this process, she suggests,moods and motivation are crucial to preserving the recited Qur’an and revitalizingthe Muslim community.In chapter 1, Gade begins with a theoretical consideration for her casestudy. Drawing from concepts that emphasize the importance of feeling andemotion in ritual and religious experience, she develops a conceptualizationof this engagement. In chapter 2, Gade explains memorization within thecontext of the self and social relations. She argues that Qur’anic memorizershave a special relationship with its style and structure, as well as with thesocial milieu. Although Qur’anic memorization is a normal practice for mostMuslims, its practitioners have learned how to memorize and recite beautifullysome or all of the Qur’an’s verses, a process that requires emotion ...

Muslim Contributions to the History of Religions

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-421
Author(s):  
Ghulam-Haider Aasi
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Comparative History ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Spain ◽  
Muslim Scholars ◽  
The Middle Ages

History of Religions in the WestA universal, comparative history of the study of religions is still far frombeing written. Indeed, such a history is even hr from being conceived, becauseits components among the legacies of non-Western scholars have hardly beendiscovered. One such component, perhaps the most significant one, is thecontributions made by Muslim scholars during the Middle Ages to thisdiscipline. What is generally known and what has been documented in thisfield consists entirely of the contribution of Westdm scholars of religion.Even these Western scholars belong to the post-Enlightenment era of Wsternhistory.There is little work dealing with the history of religions which does notclaim the middle of the nineteenth century CE as the beginning of thisdiscipline. This may not be due only to the zeitgeist of the modem Wstthat entails aversion, downgrading, and undermining of everything stemmingfrom the Middie Ages; its justification may also be found in the intellectualpoverty of the Christian West (Muslim Spain excluded) that spans that historicalperiod.Although most works dealing with this field include some incidentalreferences, paragraphs, pages, or short chapters on the contribution of thepast, according to each author’s estimation, all of these studies are categorizedunder one of the two approaches to religion: philosophical or cubic. All ofthe reflective, speculative, philosophical, psychological, historical, andethnological theories of the Greeks about the nature of the gods and goddessesand their origins, about the nature of humanity’s religion, its mison dsttre,and its function in society are described as philosophical quests for truth.It is maintained that the Greeks’ contribution to the study of religion showedtheir openness of mind and their curiosity about other religions and cultures ...

Jumbos and Jumping Devils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha P R
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Social History ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

Jumbos and Jumping Devils is an original and pioneering exploration of not only the social history of the subcontinent but also of performance and popular culture. The domain of analysis is entirely novel and opens up a bolder approach of laying a new field of historical enquiry of South Asia. Trawling through an extraordinary set of sources such as colonial and post-colonial records, newspaper reports, unpublished autobiographies, private papers, photographs, and oral interviews, the author brings out a fascinating account of the transnational landscape of physical cultures, human and animal performers, and the circus industry. This book should be of interest to a wide range of readers from history, sociology, anthropology, and cultural studies to analysts of history of performance and sports in the subcontinent.

The Oxford History of the Novel in English

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book History ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Novel ◽  
History Of The Novel ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Volume Nine of this series traces the development of the ‘world novel’, that is, English-language novels written throughout the world, beyond Britain, Ireland, and the United States. Focusing on the period up to 1950, the volume contains survey chapters and chapters on major writers, as well as chapters on book history, publishing, and the critical contexts of the work discussed. The text covers periods from renaissance literary imaginings of exotic parts of the world like Oceania, through fiction embodying the ideology and conventions of empire, to the emergence of settler nationalist and Indigenous movements and, finally, the assimilations of modernism at the beginnings of the post-imperial world order. The book, then, contains chapters on the development of the non-metropolitan novel throughout the British world from the eighteenth to the mid twentieth centuries. This is the period of empire and resistance to empire, of settler confidence giving way to doubt, and of the rise of indigenous and post-colonial nationalisms that would shape the world after World War II.

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