scholarly journals SOFT POWER STRATEGY OF CHINA IN 21ST CENTURY:STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-467
Author(s):  
Zerine Tanzim ◽  
◽  
Fatema- Tuj-Juhra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
Television Shows ◽  
Power Strategies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Government Initiative

Generally speaking, hard power refers to the coercion and payment through military and economic means, while soft power refers to attraction through cultural diplomacy. This paper aims to analyze how Chinese state policies are being influenced by soft power strategy of government. Further the paper focuses on four areas such as health, culture, Human Rights and Information and technology to analyze Chinese governments soft power strategy globally.The paper confines the concept of the soft powerwhich has followed four consecutive sections analyzing Chinese soft power strategies in 21st century based on government initiative during the spread of COVID 19, usage and policiesregarding television shows and movies, consideration of Human Rights and last of all strategies in controlling of Information and communication technology. The paper concludes discussing some strengths and shortcomings of Chinas soft power and suggests measures that can be taken to improve Chinas soft power practice while West has disclosed the idea of sharp power contesting Chinas authoritarian attitude towards freedom of expression and human rights as well.

Media Baru dan Fenomena Komunikasi Politik pada Pemilukada di Provinsi Banten 2011

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Afdal Makkuraga Putra
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
New Order ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Fair Balance

Political system in Indonesia after New Order regime has entered into a new phase, which is both fundamentally and practically different. With the growth of freedom of expression and the rise of information and communication technology (ICT), the use and practices of political communication is also striking a fair balance, two-ways direction, no longer dominated by government-only apparatuses. The use of internet and New Media in political communication realm has been pioneered since 1997, and has been growing ever since, thanks to the new practices of local election (Pilkada). This paper will address firstly, the theoretical framework of political communication in e-Democracy, and secondly, the application of New Media (website, blog, and social media sites) in local-based political communication, namely Pilkada in Banten at October 23, 2011. Having analysed the phenomenon in question, a surprising result appears. Even though all candidates of Governor and Deputy Governor of recent Pilkada Banten have used New Media as their communication and campaign media, nevertheless the interactivity factor embedded within those “New Media use” are largely neglected. Keywords: e-Democracy, political communication, New Media, interactivity.

scholarly journals Role of Documentation and Legal Information Network (JDIH) Efforts in Fulfillment of Human Rights

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Dewi Sukmaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Information Network ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
The People ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Right

Indonesia is a country of law, and one of the characteristics of a state of law is the guarantee and protection of human rights, one of which is the right to obtain information, including the legal information that is information about the legislation both national and local. The principle of fiction (fictie) law states that any person considered to determine the existence of a legislation after its enactment, the ignorance of the people on the legislation, can not be excused. To that end, legislation information should be easily accessible. Issuance of Presidential Decree No. 33 of 2012 on Information and Documentation Network of National Law (JDIHN) isin order to fulfill the right to obtain legal information, especially information legislation. Management of Legal Documentation and Information Network by utilizing information and communication technology (ICT) makes legal information can be accessed quickly, easily, complete and accurate, thereby supporting the fulfillment of human rights, namely the right to obtain legal information properly.Keywords: Documentation and Legal Information Network, Efforts, Fulfillment, Human Rights

ICT Policies Favouring Human Rights

2014 ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf H. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Right To Development ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure

The tremendous developments in information and communication technologies (ICTs) over the last 20 years have substantially changed communication practices across the world. The Internet and mobile phones help to open new horizons for connections between people, leading to a global network for the sharing of information and ideas. In this new environment, human rights need to have a place, and traditional notions related to mass media need to be adapted to the needs of civil society. Freedom of expression has become much more individualistic, with information exchanges no longer relying on the traditional intermediaries (mass media) but on the exchange of ideas on social networking and other platforms. Civil society participation in the information world requires the necessary infrastructure however. And since states have an obligation to see to it that human rights are realized in practice, this may mean the facilitation of private investments to improve the ICT infrastructure. In this context, ICT policies favoring human rights must encompass a right to development.

ICT Ethical Issues, Globalization and Knowledge Society

2012 ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Maslin Masrom ◽  
Zuraini Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Societal Transformation ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Wealth Generation

In this chapter, the authors will parse the current ethical issues in the information and communication technology research associated with the economic phenomenon of globalization. These issues will include: the digital divide between developed and developing countries, poverty, piracy, cybercrimes, human rights, and gender equality. The chapter will go on to discuss themes in the development of the “knowledge society” that are germane to the ethics of globalization such as societal transformation and wealth generation. The chapter will develop a framework that will associate ICT ethical issues with knowledge society. Finally, the authors will present conclusions and details some of the findings discussed in the previous sections. A glimpse of the future will be provided.

scholarly journals Affecting migration: Public information campaigns and the intimate spatialities of border enforcement

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1198-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M Williams
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Border Enforcement ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Feminist Geopolitics ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
Power Strategies ◽  
Depth Interviews

A broad body of research has examined the shifting spatialities of contemporary border enforcement efforts, drawing particular attention to how border enforcement efforts increasingly take place away from the territorial edges of border enforcing states. However, existing research largely focuses on border enforcement efforts that mobilize strategies of militarization, securitization, and criminalization. In response, this paper draws on work in the fields of emotional and feminist geopolitics, to broaden understandings of the sites, modalities, and spatialities of border governance. Drawing on in-depth interviews, archival research, and discourse analysis, this paper examines public information campaigns launched by US border enforcement agencies between 1990 and 2012. In doing so, I show how these campaigns aim to affect migrant decision-making and reduce unauthorized migration by circulating strategically crafted messages and images into the intimate spaces of everyday life where potential migrants and their loved ones live and socialize. Unlike the hard power strategies of militarized borders and migrant criminalization, public information campaigns work as soft-power tools of governance that target the emotional registers of viewers and both respond to and counter particular gender ideologies. As this analysis suggests, understanding the full complexity of contemporary border governance requires that we broaden the scope of analysis beyond the hard power strategies of militarization, securitization, and criminalization to examine the softer side of border governance, a project that the insights of feminist political geography are particularly well suited for.

scholarly journals Teacher Candidates’ Views about the Effects of Information and Communication Technologies on Human Rights and Freedoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazike Karagözoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Information And Communication

The recent rapid developments in technology have caused great changes in all areas of human life. This study aimed to determine the views of teacher candidates on the rights and freedoms affected by information and communication technologies (e.g., telephone, computer, and internet). The study was carried out in the spring term of the 2020-2021 academic year, and the sample consisted of 100 volunteer teacher candidates studying the "Human Rights and Democracy Course" at the Faculty of Education of Yozgat Bozok University. The data of this qualitative research were collected through teacher candidates’ compositions and were analyzed using content analysis. According to the results of the research, the rights and freedoms that are thought to be positively affected by the use of information and communication technologies are as follows: freedom to obtain and disseminate information, freedom of communication, right and duty of education, right to congregate / right of organization, right to legal remedies, freedom of expression and dissemination of thought, and right to enter public services. The negatively affected rights and freedoms are determined as privacy of private life, right to request the protection of his/her personal data, personal liberty and security, freedom of information and dissemination, and right to health. To minimize the negative impact of information and communication technologies on rights and freedoms, teacher candidates expressed some suggestions such as information and communication technologies education, human rights education, sanction/punishment, personal security measures, and increasing supervision.

scholarly journals COMBINING SOFT POWER WITH THE GEOPOLITICAL APPROACH - HOW DIFFICULT IS FOR THE EU TO CHANGE ITS ATTITUDE?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (72) ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Radu CARP
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Hard Power ◽  
Union Leaders ◽  
Current Stage ◽  
The Eu

After gradually evolving from an economic project to a political one, European Union leaders declare nowadays that it is time to go forward and to build a geopolitical actor on the international stage. This paper does make an account on the current stage of relevant geopolitical actors and how they view EU. In order to address this issue, EU have to focus more on its soft power instruments, like multilateralism and the promotion of democracy, rule of law and human rights, and also climate change, apart from hard power instruments like trade, security and defense, cybersecurity and data privacy.Keywords: democracy, European Union, geopolitics, human rights, multilateralism, rule of law, soft power.

scholarly journals “Soft” Power of China: Efficiency and Response to the Current Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Lesia Dorosh ◽  
◽  
Myroslava Yablonska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Political System ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
The Political ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hard Power

The features of the “soft” power of the PRC, which are significantly based on its indicators of "hard" power – economic and military power, – have been studied. It is noted that there is a difference in the assessment of the state of “soft” power of China by Western countries and, accordingly, by China itself. Emphasis was placed on the prospects for the embodiment of China’s cultural “soft” power and its obstacles. Vulnerabilities in China’s “soft” power have been explored, including the political system and civil society. The importance of the tools of "mask" and "vaccine" diplomacy in the arsenal of "soft" power of China used to minimize the negative effects of the pandemic on China’s image and elevate its status as a leader in global health, have been analyzed. The effectiveness of the Chinese “soft” power has been analyzed through the studies conducted by the “Pew Research Centre” and “Portland Communication” agency. The importance of economic “soft” power in China’s conquest of new allies, including Asia and Africa, has been noted. It is emphasized that the most successful “soft” power is among countries where China is not burdened with accusations of human rights violations. It is noted that one of the main problems in China’s implementation of “soft” power policy is the dissonance between the image that China seeks to project and the country’s actions.

ICT Policies Favouring Human Rights

2015 ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Rolf H. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Right To Development ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure

The tremendous developments in information and communication technologies (ICTs) over the last 20 years have substantially changed communication practices across the world. The Internet and mobile phones help to open new horizons for connections between people, leading to a global network for the sharing of information and ideas. In this new environment, human rights need to have a place, and traditional notions related to mass media need to be adapted to the needs of civil society. Freedom of expression has become much more individualistic, with information exchanges no longer relying on the traditional intermediaries (mass media) but on the exchange of ideas on social networking and other platforms. Civil society participation in the information world requires the necessary infrastructure however. And since states have an obligation to see to it that human rights are realized in practice, this may mean the facilitation of private investments to improve the ICT infrastructure. In this context, ICT policies favoring human rights must encompass a right to development.

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