scholarly journals Comparison Formwork Wood Sloof to Batako Viewed from the Aspect of Time and Cost

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Michael Tedja ◽  
Hendra Halim ◽  
Kezia Divaninta ◽  
Valentina Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
Mold Making ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Efficient Construction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Concrete-Mold is one of the most important elements of a building’s structural system. Like other structural systems, the concrete mold placed right after the main wiring structure placed. The function of the concrete mold is to specify the size of the concrete structure itself. The needs of an efficient construction timeand cost are some reasons of the decent and fast development of home-design structure. Sloof’s concrete-mold for two-floor houses can be done with two different materials, i.e. wooden plywood material and bricks. The difference usage of these two materials is the background of this research. The purpose of research is to find out the best way in time and cost efficiency of these two materials. This research carried out using the method of library studies, survey, and comparative study. The result of this research showed that the cost of the brick making the job of sloof concrete mold cheaper and faster. Thus, sloof concrete mold making is one of the project solutions that are more efficient in terms of time and cost.

scholarly journals The cost efficiency of Vietnamese banks – the difference between DEA and SFA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-227
Author(s):  
Phong Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Duyen Thi Bich Pham
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Time Consistency ◽  
Efficiency Frontier ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

PurposeThe paper aims to enrich previous findings for an emerging banking industry such as Vietnam, reporting the difference between the parametric and nonparametric methods when measuring cost efficiency. The purpose of the study is to assess the consistency in issuing policies to improve the cost efficiency of Vietnamese commercial banks.Design/methodology/approachThe cost efficiency of banks is assessed through the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). Next, five tests are conducted in succession to analyze the differences in cost efficiency measured by these two methods, including the distribution, the rankings, the identification of the best and worst banks, the time consistency and the determinants of efficiency frontier. The data are collected from the annual financial statements of Vietnamese banks during 2005–2017.FindingsThe results show that the cost efficiency obtained under the SFA models is more consistent than under the DEA models. However, the DEA-based efficiency scores are more similar in ranking order and stability over time. The inconsistency in efficiency characteristics under two different methods reminds policy makers and bank administrators to compare and select the appropriate efficiency frontier measure for each stage and specific economic conditions.Originality/valueThis paper shows the need to control for heterogeneity over banking groups and time as well as for random noise and outliers when measuring the cost efficiency.

FAILURE MECHANISM AND ITS CONTROL OF BUILDING STRUCTURES UNDER EARTHQUAKES BASED ON STRUCTURAL SYSTEM CONCEPT

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIEPING YE ◽  
ZHE QU
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Structural System ◽  
System Concept ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Mechanism Control ◽  
The Difference

By taking building structures as systems, the difference between the safety margins of a structure and that of its element is clarified and the robustness of the structure to resist unexpected disasters is discussed. The system concept is further used to introduce the concepts of importance levels and functionality levels in structural systems, the designability of structural systems is then pointed out. The local and global failure mechanisms of building structures under earthquake are summarized, and the failure mechanism control method is discussed based on the concepts of system and designability. For global failure mechanism, the desirable seismic performance is put forward, and at last some practical methods to control the seismic failure mechanism and the failure procedures are proposed based on the hierarchy concept of the structural system.

Aneurysm coil embolization: cost per volumetric filling analysis and strategy for cost reduction

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Wang ◽  
Esteban Cheng Ching ◽  
Ferdinand K Hui
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Unit Price ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Inventory Management System ◽  
Detachable Coils ◽  
Filling Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Logarithmic Ratio ◽  
The Cost

BackgroundOne of the primary device expenditures associated with the endovascular treatment of aneurysms is that of detachable coils. Analyzing the cost efficiency of detachable coils is difficult, given the differences in design, implantable volume, and the presence of additives. However, applying a volume per cost metric may provide an index analogous to unit price found in grocery stores.MethodsThe price information for 509 different coils belonging to 31 different coil lines, available as of September 2013, was obtained through the inventory management system at the study site, and normalized to the price of the least expensive coil. Values were used to calculate the logarithmic ratio of volume over cost.ResultsOperator choice among coil sizes can vary the material costs by five-fold in a hypothetical aneurysm.ConclusionsThe difference in coil costs as a function of cost per volume of coil can vary tremendously. Using the present pricing algorithms, using the longest available length at a particular helical dimension and system yields improved efficiency.

scholarly journals Improvement of Logistic Processes Management as a Method of Improving the Activity of Enterprise

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 430-435
Author(s):  
I. S. Lutsenko ◽  
◽  
I. V. Konovalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Logistic Functions ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Is Outsourcing

The article is aimed at defining the role of improving the management of logistic processes as a method of improving the activity of enterprise. The relevance of application of logistic approach in the management of enterprise and definition of the concept of «management of logistic processes» is explored. The reasons for the relevance of the problem of improving the management of logistic processes of enterprise, especially during the period of instability in all countries of the world because of the COVID-19 pandemic, are allocated; factors influencing the efficiency of the supply chain are defined. The goals of supply processes management and supply chains management for the enterprise and logistic system are indicated. The importance of established communications and transparency of information flows of the logistic system in the process of regulation of activities at different levels of organization of logistic processes is substantiated. It is emphasized that the most common type of organization of logistic processes is outsourcing. A definition of logistics outsourcing is provided, the advantages and disadvantages of using outsourcing in logistics activities are considered, since the cost-efficiency of its use is quite a complex parameter, as is the service itself. The expediency of using a methodical approach in the management of logistic processes is examined, according to which the effectiveness of outsourcing of logistic functions is considered as the difference between the costs of the process. The research showed that improvement of management of logistic processes is of particular importance, since their competent organization is the key to improving the efficiency of production and economic activity of enterprise along with rapid adaptation to a changing environment.

scholarly journals Structural Systems in local trading centers in Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Osamah Abdulmunem Al-Temeemi ◽  
Anees Mohsin Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Technical Material ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Way

Structural System in trading center is considered a most important of the major components of the building, which significantly influenced in the formulation of mode and language of architecture throughout its development. It is considered the most changing of the building through the proceeding of time because of the rapid changes of the technology. And because of the importance of the trading centers and what they have of qualities that have significant effects on the beauty and attractiveness in general and on its streets in particular. Structural system hasn’t changed much throughout the ages regardless of the difference in design and its function. Therefore, the research problem arose in the form of lack of clarity in previous literature when putting out the structural system in the trading centers. Despite the numerous theses and studies that discussed the trading centers but they were recognized by the obscurity and lack of comprehensiveness when talking about structure aspects. Therefore, the research here emphasized on exploring the nature of the system of services from its technical, material and economic aspects and even the expressional aspects. Considering the influence of services system on the architecture of the trading centers of what it has of features and qualities in the way contributed in the continuity of its motifs through the time. The research has adopted the method of the analytical study for the structural system in trading centers in a comprehensive way aiming to deepen the understanding of the designer for the requirements of the components to achieve a perfect integration.

scholarly journals Which One is More Efficient? German or Japanese Automobile Industry: A Meta-frontier with Technology Gap Comparison

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Yi-Cheng Liu ◽  
Ying-Hsiu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Technology Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Observation Period

The goal of this paper is to compare the cost efficiency of the automobile industry in Germany and Japan during the period of 1980–2014 by applying the Meta-Frontier Cost Function. Despite the constant competition and the global automobile industry crisis during 2008-2010, only a few existing studies compare the efficiency of the industry cross countries. However, these all fail to address various types of technology adopted and the environment faced by automakers across countries. The meta-frontier model became a recognized and useful tool to evaluate technical efficiency of firms applying dissimilar technologies. Overall, the results signify that the cost efficiency of the German automobile industry by average is better than that of the Japanese one and the German one uses more superior production technique though it was lower the Japanese one in the 1980s. The difference reversed in the 1990s and has been enlarging since the 1990s to the end of the observation period.

scholarly journals Optimal cost-efficiency solution of acoustic treatment for a complex meeting room

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 02073
Author(s):  
Catalin BAILESCU ◽  
Vlad IORDACHE ◽  
Tiberiu CATALINA
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Acoustic Measures ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Room Model ◽  
Acoustic Treatment ◽  
Optimum Solution ◽  
The Cost

Achieving high acoustic quality in meeting rooms is important for intelligibility therefore several measures are needed especially in reflective high volume rooms. This article tackles the method and the solution to renovate a complex enclosure. The study is divided in multiple stages: development of the 3D room model exported in ODEON acoustic software, validation of the actual condition of the room with measurements, proposing and analysing different acoustic ceiling tiles and finally selecting the optimum solution based on the cost and efficacy in reducing the reverberation time (RT). The measured RT was four times higher (3.45 sec at f=1kHz) than the recommended value (0.9 sec at f=1kHz). The numerical simulation results were in accordance with the experimental measurements with errors of less than 0.2 sec. Using the difference between the RT obtained with the acoustic measures and the optimum RT we were able to calculate an efficiency that was later on compared with the cost of the solution. As a conclusion, due to a large diversity of acoustic ceiling types with different prices and sound absorption coefficients it is important, especially for complex room geometries, to run simulations and to perform a cost-efficiency analysis.

A generalized fuzzy cost efficiency model

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1775-1791
Author(s):  
Nazila Aghayi ◽  
Samira Salehpour
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Fuzzy Environment ◽  
Decision Making Unit ◽  
Production Possibility Set ◽  
Fuzzy Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Generalized Cost

The concept of cost efficiency has become tremendously popular in data envelopment analysis (DEA) as it serves to assess a decision-making unit (DMU) in terms of producing minimum-cost outputs. A large variety of precise and imprecise models have been put forward to measure cost efficiency for the DMUs which have a role in constructing the production possibility set; yet, there’s not an extensive literature on the cost efficiency (CE) measurement for sample DMUs (SDMUs). In an effort to remedy the shortcomings of current models, herein is introduced a generalized cost efficiency model that is capable of operating in a fuzzy environment-involving different types of fuzzy numbers-while preserving the Farrell’s decomposition of cost efficiency. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, the present paper is the first to measure cost efficiency by using vectors. Ultimately, a useful example is provided to confirm the applicability of the proposed methods.

SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  

COMPREHENSIVE REFORMING OF TECHNOLOGICAL, FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS OF SKIN UNITS OF HOSPITALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Владимир Григорьевич Донцов ◽  
Елена Владимировна Донцова ◽  
Любовь Анатольевна Новикова ◽  
Лариса Николаевна Борзунова
Keyword(s):  
Service System ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Structural Units

В статье доказана порочность переустройства только одной структурной системы (реструктуризации), так как это чревато поломками элементов, звеньев и блоков, сомой системы кожной службы. Допустимо лишь незначительная адаптация к конкретным условиям больниц, где это будет внедряться. Сформулированы понятия конечного результата работы врачей и структурных подразделений медицинских стационаров в современных условиях общественно-политической формации. Описаны преимущества реконструкции комплекса систем судебно-медицинской экспертизы как экспериментальной службы для кожного отделения городской многопрофильной больницы и работы самого кожного отделения. Описана форма структурного построения судебно-медицинской и кожной служб. По аналоги с экспертным учреждением ожидаются аналогичные изменение конечного результата в кожном подразделении многопрофильного стационара The article proves the viciousness of the reorganization of only one structural system (restructuring), since this is fraught with breakdowns of elements, links and blocks, the soma of the skin service system. Only slight adaptation to the specific conditions of the hospitals where it will be implemented is acceptable. The concepts of the final result of the work of doctors and structural units of medical hospitals in the modern conditions of the socio-political formation are formulated. The advantages of reconstruction of a complex of forensic medical examination systems as an experimental service for the skin department of a city multidisciplinary hospital and the work of the skin department itself are described. The form of structural structure of forensic and skin services is described. By analogy with an expert institution, a similar change in the final result is expected in the skin department of a multidisciplinary hospital

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