scholarly journals Cardioprotective effects of fetal kidney-derived mesenchymal stem cells on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 78 (02) ◽  
pp. 6620-2022
Author(s):  
ORHAN YAVUZ ◽  
BAŞAK BOZTOK ÖZGERMEN ◽  
ALI EVREN HAYDARDEDEOĞLU ◽  
GÜNGÖR ÇAĞDAŞ DINÇEL
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Positive Effect

Cardiotoxicity is one of the most common side effects of doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of many carcinomas. In recent years, stem-cell therapies have been successfully used to prevent cardiotoxicity. This study investigated the efficacy of intraperitoneally administered fetal kidney-derived mesenchymal stem cells (FKD-MSCs) in preventing DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. For this purpose, thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, DOX and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) groups. Adriamycin was injected as a single dose via the tail vein in the DOX and MSC groups in order to induce cardiotoxicity. FKD-MSC was applied to the MSC group by the intraperitoneal route after cardiotoxicity had been established. Then the rats were euthanized, and routine histological procedures were performed on their hearts. H&E and Masson’s stains were used for histopathology. Cardiac Troponin-T and I (cTnT, cTnI), Caspase-3 and BCL-XL antibodies were used for immunohistochemistry. Vacuoles, edema, degeneration and necrosis were observed histopathologically mostly in the DOX group. Lesions in the control and MSC groups were less severe. Fibrosis in the control and MSC groups was milder. cTnT and cTnI immunopositive staining was most commonly seen in the control group, followed by the MSC group. Immunohistochemical staining by Caspase-3 and BCL-XL showed that their expressions in the MSC group were statistically similar to those in the control group. Accordingly, it was concluded that the intraperitoneal application of MSC had a positive effect on histopathological findings, fibrosis, immunohistochemistry, especially apoptosis, neovascularization, and anti-apoptotic development, whereas troponin levels were not found to be therapeutic.

Are Amniotic Fluid Products Stem Cell Therapies? A Study of Amniotic Fluid Preparations for Mesenchymal Stem Cells With Bone Marrow Comparison

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1230-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto J. Panero ◽  
Alan M. Hirahara ◽  
Wyatt J. Andersen ◽  
Joshua Rothenberg ◽  
Fernando Fierro
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies

Background: In vivo amniotic fluid is known to contain a population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and growth factors and has been shown to assist in healing when used as an adjunct in procedures across multiple medical specialties. It is unclear whether amniotic fluid products (AFPs) contain MSCs and, if so, whether the cells remain viable after processing. Purpose: To determine whether MSCs, growth factors, and hyaluronan are present in commercially available AFPs. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Seven commercial companies that provide amniotic fluid were invited to participate in the study; 3 companies (the manufacturers of PalinGen, FloGraft, and Genesis AFPs) agreed to participate and donated AFPs for analysis. The AFPs were evaluated for the presence of MSCs, various growth factors relevant to orthopaedics (platelet-derived growth factor ββ, vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin 8, bone morphogenetic protein 2, transforming growth factor β1), and hyaluronan by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and culture of fibroblast colony-forming units. These products were compared with unprocessed amniotic fluid and 2 separate samples of MSCs derived from human bone marrow aspirates. All groups used the same culture medium and expansion techniques. Identical testing and analysis procedures were used for all samples. Results: MSCs could not be identified in the commercial AFPs or the unprocessed amniotic fluid. MSCs could be cultured from the bone marrow aspirates. Nucleated cells were found in 2 products (PalinGen and FloGraft), but most of these cells were dead. The few living cells did not exhibit established characteristics of MSCs. Growth factors and hyaluronan were present in all groups at varying levels. Conclusion: The AFPs studied should not be considered “stem cell” therapies, and researchers should use caution when evaluating commercial claims that products contain stem cells. Given their growth factor content, however, AFPs may still represent a promising tool for orthopaedic treatment. Clinical Relevance: Amniotic fluid has been proposed as an allogenic means for introducing MSCs. This study was unable to confirm that commercial AFPs contain MSCs.

scholarly journals The The Influence of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jelly toward Prostaglandin E2 Gene Expression on Synoviocyte Cell Osteoarthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1252-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivi Sofia ◽  
Moch Saiful Bachri ◽  
Rizki Rahmadian
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E2 Gene

BACKGROUND: Pharmacological therapy in the management of OA causes many new health problems due to side effects caused by long-term use of drugs, such as long-term use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) will cause gastric ulcers and impaired kidney function. In OA pathogenesis, PGE2 gene is involved in the inflammation process. AIM: This study aims to identify the influence of Wharton Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC-WJ) on PGE2 expression gene in synoviocyte by in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The method used in this study is the co-culture method of primary cells and stem cells in the appropriate media. This research is pure experimental research. The sample used came from synovial tissue of osteoarthritis patients who underwent Total Knee Replacement (TKR) surgery. This study was divided into 6 groups treated with 4 replications. The expression analysis of the Prostaglandin E2 gene was done using qPCR (Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction). The expression analysis of the Prostaglandin E2 gene was carried out before and after the co-culture with Wharton's Jelly and continued with the analysis of statistical data processing using the SPSS.15 program. PGE2 gene expression data were processed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and continued with the Mann-Whitney test with a 95% confidence level. RESULTS: The results showed that Mesenchymal Stem Cells Wharton Jelly could reduce the expression of Prostaglandin E2 gene after co-culture for 24 hours and 48 hours in synoviocyte cells osteoarthritis significantly compared with the control group. The administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for 24 hours reduced the expression level of PGE2 gene by 0.61 times compared to the control group (p < 0.05) and the administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for 48 hours decreased the expression level of PGE2 gene by 0, 47 times compared to the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that MSC-WJ in OA synoviocyte significantly reduced the expression of the PGE2 gene (p < 0.05).

Can Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Pre-Treatment Enhance Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Undecorticated Posterior Spinal Fusion?

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 1137-1140
Author(s):  
Chan Wai Chan ◽  
K.H.K. Wong ◽  
K.M. Lee ◽  
Ling Qin ◽  
H.Y. Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Spinal Fusion ◽  
Xylenol Orange ◽  
Posterior Spinal Fusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been shown to maintain the osteogenicity of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) in vitro. This study was to investigate whether bFGF with osteogenic supplements could enhance bone formation of posterior spinal fusion. Rabbit bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were selected by adherence on plastic culture-ware. The MSCs were exposed to dexamethasone with (bFGF group, n=6) or without bFGF (OS group, n=6). Treated cells of two groups were seeded on β-tricalcium phosphate ceramics for one day and then implanted onto L5 and L6 transverse processes of the same animal in posterior spinal fusion without decortication. The ceramics acted as control (n=6). Three fluorochromes were injected sequentially as tetracycline at week 2, xylenol orange at week 4 and calcein at week 6. The spinal segments were harvested at week 7. The bone mineral content (BMC) and volume of transverse processes was measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. The specimens were underwent undecalcified histology. The mineralization process was examined by fluorescent microscopy. The BMC of transverse processes in OS group was 16% greater than bFGF and control group significantly. The volume of transverse process in OS and bFGF group was significantly greater than control group by 54% and 46% respectively. The volume of transverse processes in OS group was 6% greater than bFGF group though not statistically significant. In histology, newly formed bone grew from two processes towards each other resulting in a relatively short gap distance in OS and bFGF group while less regenerated bone was observed in the control group. At the mineralization front, calcein which was injected into animal at week 6, was predominately labeled in bFGF group. In OS group, both xylenol orange (at week 4) and calcein labeled were found. In conclusion, mesenchymal stem cells pre-exposed to bFGF were not found to give additional enhancement effect on bone formation in the posterior spinal fusion model.

scholarly journals Perspective in optimization of stem cell therapies for heart regeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Gapska ◽  
Maciej Kurpisz
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Free Cell ◽  
Vector System ◽  
Heart Regeneration ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Teratoma Formation

There is a variety of mechanisms(s) factor(s) that may influence stem cell therapies for heart regeneration. Among the best candidates for stem cell source are: mesenchymal stem cells (also those isolated from adipose tissue), cardiac cell progenitors (CPC) and descendants of iPSC cells. iPSC/s can be potentially beneficial although their pluripotent induction has been still in question due to: low propagation efficacy, danger of genomic integration/instability, biological risk of current vector system teratoma formation etc. which have been discussed in this review. Optimization protocols are required in order to enhance stem cells resistance to pathological conditions that they may encounter in pathological organ and to increase their retention. Combination between gene transfer and stem cell therapy is now more often used in pre-clinical studies with the prospect of subsequent clinical trials. Complementary substances have been contemplated to support stem cell viability (mainly anti-inflammatory and anti- apoptotic agents), which have been tested in animal models with promising results. Integration of nanotechnology both for efficient stem cell imaging as well as with the aim to provide cell supporting scaffolds seem to be inevitable for further development of cellular therapies. The whole organ (heart) reconstruction as well as biodegradable scaffolds and scaffold-free cell sheets have been also outlined.

scholarly journals Targeting Programmed Cell Death to Improve Stem Cell Therapy: Implications for Treating Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Xin-xing Wan ◽  
Xi-min Hu ◽  
Wen-juan Zhao ◽  
Xiao-xia Ban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Wide Range

Stem cell therapies have shown promising therapeutic effects in restoring damaged tissue and promoting functional repair in a wide range of human diseases. Generations of insulin-producing cells and pancreatic progenitors from stem cells are potential therapeutic methods for treating diabetes and diabetes-related diseases. However, accumulated evidence has demonstrated that multiple types of programmed cell death (PCD) existed in stem cells post-transplantation and compromise their therapeutic efficiency, including apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms in PCD during stem cell transplantation and targeting cell death signaling pathways are vital to successful stem cell therapies. In this review, we highlight the research advances in PCD mechanisms that guide the development of multiple strategies to prevent the loss of stem cells and discuss promising implications for improving stem cell therapy in diabetes and diabetes-related diseases.

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration in Oral Implantology. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Sonia Egido-Moreno ◽  
Joan Valls-Roca-Umbert ◽  
Juan Manuel Céspedes-Sánchez ◽  
José López-López ◽  
Eugenio Velasco-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cell Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Native Bone

In bone regeneration, obtaining a vital bone as similar as possible to native bone is sought. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of stem cells in maxillary bone regeneration for implant rehabilitation and to review the different techniques for obtaining and processing these cells. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using the Pubmed/Medline (NCBI), Cochrane, Scielo, and Scopus databases, without restriction on the publication date. The following Mesh terms were used, combined by the Boolean operator “AND”: “dental implants” AND “stem cells” AND “bioengineering”. Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, five articles were obtained and three were added after manual search. The results from the meta-analysis (18 patients) did not provide significant differences despite the percentage of bone formed in the maxillary sinus, favoring the stem cell group, and the analysis of the percentage of residual Bio-Oss® showed results favoring the control group. Stem cell regeneration usually shows positive vascular and viable bone formation. In conclusion, using mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration provides benefits in the quality of bone, similar or even superior to autologous bone, all this through a minimally invasive procedure.

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