scholarly journals Antibacterial Profile in vitro and in vivo of New 1,4-Naphthoquinones Tethered to 1,2,3-1H-Triazoles against the Planktonic Growth of Streptococcus mutans

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Gomes ◽  
Eduardo Correia ◽  
Max Gomes ◽  
Claudio dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Slight Alteration ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation

The cariogenic processes are mainly caused by the bacterium Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and consist of the demineralization of the tooth that occurs when the acid production overcomes the natural repair or if a problem occurs in the last one. In this work, we performed the synthesis of twenty-one 1,4-naphthoquinones tethered to 1,2,3-1H-triazoles (8a-8k and 9a-9j), antibacterial evaluation against the S. mutans in vitro and the acute toxicity of the better ones in vivo. We observed strong inhibition results in the disc diffusion test ranging, the halos of inhibitions, from 18.66 (± 0.57) to 29 (± 2.64) mm, and good values in the minimum inhibitory concentration (5 to 50 μg), for the compounds 9e, 9h, 9i and 9j. Furthermore, they do not have a cytotoxic effect at the concentrations tested. Besides that, in the in vivo test, they show some slight alteration in the histopathological analyses and the biochemistry. Thus, we found four potential candidates to become instruments for the treatment of cavities.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Properties of Local Malaysian Trigona Sp. Honey Towards Different of Pathogenic Bacteria in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fawzia Jassim Shalsh ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Khalaf ◽  
Mohammed Hafiz ◽  
Imad Ibrahim Ali
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Test

Honey is one of the oldest natural medicines known with a very high therapeutic value. Nowadays, in the medical field, several important therapeutic effects of honey have been elucidated. This study was conducted to reveal the antimicrobial activity of the commercially available local Malaysian Trigona sp. honey towards different pathogenic bacteria specifically Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. The Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by the disc-diffusion test and agar well diffusion test. Different concentration of the honey was tested in the disc-diffusion and agar well diffusion test. The results of these tests were in terms of Inhibition zone diameter. The results obtained from the current study are the dilution of different concentration of honey from Trigona sp. are very significant because the only net concentration of both of honey Trigon a sp. possessed antimicrobial properties in term of Minimum inhibitory concentration) and Minimum bactericidal concentration. The result also can say that Trigona sp. honey possessed antibacterial properties and can be used as alternative medicine in the veterinary field in the future.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DE DIVERSAS FORMAS DE DESINFECÇÃO DO ALGINATO COM CLOREXIDINA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Weig
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Plaster Model

RESUMOO alginato é um material usado na odontologia para moldagem de arcada dentária. Sua propriedade de embebição permite absorver fluidos da cavidade oral, que infectam o molde e o modelo de gesso. Por isso a importância da desinfecção, prevenindo contaminação e potencial infecção cruzada. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a eficácia da clorexidina associada ao alginato na inibição do crescimento de microrganismos presentes na cavidade oral. O alginato foi avaliado de 4 formas distintas: sem clorexidina; com clorexidina borrifada após geleificação, com clorexidina incorporada em sua fórmula e manipulado com clorexidina 0,3%. No teste in vitro a eficácia foi avaliada frente a uma cultura de Streptococcus mutans. No teste in vivo foram feitas moldagens em 4 voluntários e os moldes de alginato e modelos de gesso avaliados microbiologicamente. Ambos os testes foram semeados em ágar sangue, incubados a 35o C por 20h e feita observação visual de crescimento bacteriano. Como resultado obteve-se: no teste in vitro houve crescimento bacteriano somente no alginato sem a clorexidina; já nos testes in vivo o alginato borrifado com clorexidina não teve crescimento em 75% dos modelos de gesso; os alginatos com clorexidina diluída, incorporada e sem clorexidina não tiveram crescimento em 12,5% dos modelos. Como conclusão obteve-se que a clorexidina foi eficiente na inibição do crescimento do S. mutans, mas aumentando a população bacteriana, o método mais efetivo foi a clorexidina borrifada, diminuindo o risco de infecção cruzada.Palavras-chave: alginato, desinfecção, clorexidina, alginate, desinfection, chlorhexidineABSTRACT Alginate is a material used in dentistry for dental arch molding. Its imbibing property allows it to absorb oral fluids, which infect the mold and plaster model. Therefore disinfection is very important to prevent contamination and potential cross infection. The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of alginate-associated chlorhexidine in inhibiting the growth of microorganisms present in the oral cavity. The alginate was analized in 4 different forms: no chlorhexidine; with chlorhexidine sprinkled after gelation, chlorhexidine incorporated into its formula and handled with 0.3% chlorhexidine. In the in vitro test its efficacy was evaluated considering a culture of Streptococcus mutans during the manipulation. In the in vivo test 4volunteers were molded and the alginate molds and plaster models were avaluated microbiologic. Both tests were seeded on blood agar, incubated at 35 ° C for 20h, and visual observation of bacterial growth. As a result it was obtained: in the in vitro test there was bacterial growth only in alginate without chlorhexidine; already in the in vivo test the alginate sprinkled with chlorhexidine had no bacterial growth in 75% of the gypsum models; the alginates with chlorhexidine diluted, incorporated and without chlorhexidine had no bacterial growth in 12.5% of the models. As a conclusion, chlorhexidine was efficient in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans but increasing the bacterial population. The most effective method was chlorhexidine sprayed, reducing the risk of cross infection.Keywords: alginato, desinfecção, clorexidina, alginate, desinfection, chlorhexidine

scholarly journals Effect of hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Datura stramonium on pathogenic Candida albicans

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Ali Y. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Vitro Test

      This research aimed at studying the effect of different concentration of hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Datura stramonium concentration against pathogenic Candida albicans isolated from clinical cases of diarrhea in cows and dogs in Baghdad province. Hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Datura stramonium were prepared in different concentrations for In vitro and In vivo study against Candida albicans. In vitro test includes the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.12 and 1.75mg/1ml), and it was found that the minimum inhibitory concentration was 3.12 mg/1ml. Whereas the in vivo test was performed for the determination of sensitivity test of Candida albicans in concentration of plant 10, 15 and 20 mg/1ml which was compared with same concentration of Nystatin. The study was performed in seven groups of mice according to different concentrations. The infective dose of Candida albicans was 1X108, which was proved by histopathology changes after eight day. The result obtained from invivo study revealed that after the end of the therapeutic period that lasted for 8 days. Confirm the efficacy of Datura stramonium extract at 20% as a treatment for mice infected with Candida albicans.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Antibacterial and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Novel Derivatives of Harmine N9-Cinnamic Acid

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4842
Author(s):  
Yan Liang ◽  
Dian He ◽  
Deshun Zhou ◽  
Junshuai Li ◽  
Lei Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hepg2 Cell Lines ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation ◽  
Mcf 7

A series of 16 new derivatives of harmine N9-Cinnamic acid were synthesized and fully characterized using NMR and MS. The in vitro antibacterial evaluation revealed that most of the synthesized harmine derivatives displayed better antibacterial activities against Gram-positive strains (S. aureus, S. albus and MRSA) than Gram-negative strains (E. coli and PA). In particular, compound 3c showed the strongest bactericidal activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 13.67 μg/mL. MTT assay showed that compound 3c displayed weaker cytotoxicity than harmine with IC50 of 340.30, 94.86 and 161.67 μmol/L against WI-38, MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines, respectively. The pharmacokinetic study revealed that the distribution and elimination of 3c in vivo were rapid in rats with an oral bioavailability of 6.9%.

Defibrotide Inhibits Platelet Activation by Cathepsin G Released From Stimulated Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (06) ◽  
pp. 660-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgilio Evangelista ◽  
Paola Piccardoni ◽  
Giovanni de Gaetano ◽  
Chiara Cerletti
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Cathepsin G ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Antithrombotic Effects

SummaryDefibrotide is a polydeoxyribonucleotide with antithrombotic effects in experimental animal models. Most of the actions of this drug have been observed in in vivo test models but no effects have been reported in in vitro systems. In this paper we demonstrate that defibrotide interferes with polymorphonuclear leukocyte-induced human platelet activation in vitro. This effect was not related to any direct interaction with polymorphonuclear leukocytes or platelets, but was due to the inhibition of cathepsin G, the main biochemical mediator of this cell-cell cooperation. Since cathepsin G not only induces platelet activation but also affects some endothelial cell functions, the anticathepsin G activity of defibrotide could help to explain the antithrombotic effect of this drug.

Comparative Evaluation of In Vitro and In Vivo Assays for the Detection of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus as a Contaminant of Live Poultry Vaccines

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-634
Author(s):  
Emiliana Falcone ◽  
Edoardo Vignolo ◽  
Livia Di Trani ◽  
Simona Puzelli ◽  
Maria Tollis
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis

A reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay specific for identifying avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in poultry vaccines, and the serological response to IBV induced by the inoculation of chicks with a Newcastle disease vaccine spiked with the Massachusetts strain of IBV, were compared for their ability to detect IBV as a contaminant of avian vaccines. The sensitivity of the IBV-RT-PCR assay provided results which were at least equivalent to the biological effect produced by the inoculation of chicks, allowing this assay to be considered a valid alternative to animal testing in the quality control of avian immunologicals. This procedure can easily be adapted to detect a number of contaminants for which the in vivo test still represents the only available method of detection.

scholarly journals Function-adaptive clustered nanoparticles reverse Streptococcus mutans dental biofilm and maintain microbiota balance

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ostadhossein ◽  
Parikshit Moitra ◽  
Esra Altun ◽  
Debapriya Dutta ◽  
Dinabandhu Sar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Dental Plaques

AbstractDental plaques are biofilms that cause dental caries by demineralization with acidogenic bacteria. These bacteria reside inside a protective sheath which makes any curative treatment challenging. We propose an antibiotic-free strategy to disrupt the biofilm by engineered clustered carbon dot nanoparticles that function in the acidic environment of the biofilms. In vitro and ex vivo studies on the mature biofilms of Streptococcus mutans revealed >90% biofilm inhibition associated with the contact-mediated interaction of nanoparticles with the bacterial membrane, excessive reactive oxygen species generation, and DNA fragmentation. An in vivo examination showed that these nanoparticles could effectively suppress the growth of S. mutans. Importantly, 16S rRNA analysis of the dental microbiota showed that the diversity and richness of bacterial species did not substantially change with nanoparticle treatment. Overall, this study presents a safe and effective approach to decrease the dental biofilm formation without disrupting the ecological balance of the oral cavity.

The in vitro efficacy of neutral electrolysed water and povidone-iodine against CRS-associated biofilms

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
C.A. Lux ◽  
K. Biswas ◽  
M.W. Taylor ◽  
R.G. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity

Background: Despite best medical and surgical practice, some cases of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can remain recalcitrant. Bacterial biofilms have been associated with the recalcitrance of sinonasal inflammation. Biofilms are highly resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Accordingly, more effective antimicrobial treatment options are needed to treat refractory CRS. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro efficacy of neutral electrolysed water (NEW) and povidone-iodine (PVI) against CRS-associated Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Methods: Mature S. aureus biofilms were grown in a Centre for Disease Control (CDC) biofilm reactor. The antimicrobial activity of NEW, PVI and doxycycline was determined for both planktonic and biofilm cultures of a clinical S. aureus isolate using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assays. Results: MICs and MBCs were determined for all antimicrobials. MBC values were similar to MICs for both antiseptics, but doxycycline MBCs were significantly higher than the associated MICs. Biofilms were highly resistant to NEW and doxycycline. The MBEC for doxycycline was between 500 and 1000 µg/mL. NEW was ineffective against biofilms and no MBEC could be determined. In contrast, a concentration of 10% of the commercial PVI solution (10 mg/mL PVI) led to effective eradication of mature biofilms. Conclusion: In this study, only PVI showed promising antibiofilm activity at physiological concentrations. The in vivo efficacy of PVI warrants further investigation of its potential as a treatment for recalcitrant CRS.

scholarly journals Effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans on phagocytic response of Eisenia andrei coelomocytes

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayet Belmeskine ◽  
Pauline Brousseau ◽  
Sami Haddad ◽  
Louise Vandelac ◽  
Michel Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans ◽  
Eisenia Andrei ◽  
Phagocytic Capacity ◽  
Excessive Secretion ◽  
Phagocytic Response

The immunotoxicological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) mixtures on <em>Eisenia andrei </em>earthworms have never been studied. In this work we investigated these effects both for <em>in vitro </em>and <em>in vivo</em> exposure, using the viability and the phagocytic activity of coelomocytes as immunological biomarkers and the flow cytometry was used for analysis. The <em>in vitro </em>exposure revealed a cytotoxic effect of PCDD/Fs mixture (C2) containing 50&yen;10-3 ng/mL of 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD and an induction of the phagocytic capacity at the mixture (C1) containing 25&yen;10-3 ng/mL of 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD. In the <em>in vivo </em>filter paper exposure, the immunocompetence of earthworms was assessed after 3 h-exposure to mixtures of PCDD/Fs at the levels of C1, C2, C3 and C4 containing about; 0.05, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.83 ng of 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD/cm&sup2;, respectively. Morphological observations showed an excessive secretion of mucus and body surface lesions in worms exposed to higher concentrations (C3 and C4), which revealed that these organisms were affected by PCDD/Fs either through skin and/or by feeding. The levels of the extruded cell yield decreased significantly at all the concentrations tested. However, the cell viability was shown to be unaffected by PCDD/Fs concentrations. It was also shown, that exposure to the highest PCDD/Fs concentrations; C2, C3 and C4 inhibited both phagocytic activity and efficiency.

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