scholarly journals Implementation of the Methadone Maintenance Therapy Program for Highrisk Drug Prisoners

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Moch Subhan Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Harm Reduction Program ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Hiv Virus ◽  
Aids Virus ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Very High ◽  
Hiv Aids

<p>The harm reduction program is a program that aims to assist inmates who use syringes (IDU's) in overcoming dependence on narcotics medically and to prevent the adverse effects caused by narcotics abuse. Where in general the use of heroin is done by injecting using a syringe alternately, or known as "For Wet" This can cause a new problem that is greater that the outbreak of the HIV/AIDS virus. Most prisoners use injecting narcotics before entering prison and have been infected with the HIV virus, so the risk of transmitting HIV/AIDS to other prisoners is very high. The tendency of the number of relapses (reuse) by prisoners who are in the period of coaching is quite high despite the efforts of strict supervision in the security sector, but in fact in several prisons/detention there is narcotics smuggling in various modes. For this reason, the Indonesian Ministry of Law and Human Rights through the Directorate General of Corrections organizes the P4GN program (Prevention of Eradication of Narcotics Abuse and Circulation) in prisons and detention environments by promoting the principle of "Total Abstinence" meaning that no use of any type of narcotics during coaching in prisons and prisons. But for the type of metadone, which is a type II narcotics can be tolerated because it is used for the purpose of treatment/healing of narcotics dependence and is also a government program implemented by the Ministry of Health as the leading sector.</p>

scholarly journals RUMAH REHABILITASI ODHA (ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Jeffryco Pratama ◽  
Rudy Trisno
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Mental Life ◽  
Rehabilitation Center ◽  
The Public ◽  
Hiv Virus ◽  
Aids Virus ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV / AIDS is the most dangerous virus in the world that can be transmitted. People infected with this disease are called ODHA. At present they are not only fighting against the disease but they are also fighting against the bad stigma in society. With this negative stigma, ODHA are easily depressed and many ODHA choose to end their lives. For this reason, a rehabilitation center is needed to improve the standard of living for ODHA and the place of education for the HIV virus so that the stigma gradually diminishes. From studying the theory of the development of hospital typologies and the HIV / AIDS virus obtained a design method such as a). The hospital is open to the public, b). Sunlight affects the patient's mental and physical development, c). The circulation pattern of the hospital is in the form of aisle, d). Patients and the public can be combined if the disease is not contagious. In conclusion, the existence of a passage that can be traversed by the public and a program that triggers interaction between building users is expected to reduce the stigma of society and become a therapy for ODHA. So that ODHA have a strong mental life and will live their lives like Non-ODHA. Abstrak HIV/ AIDS adalah virus yang paling berbahaya didunia yang dapat menular. Orang yang terinfeksi dengan penyakit ini disebut ODHA. Saat ini mereka tidak hanya berperang melawan penyakitnya namun mereka juga berperang melawan stigma buruk pada masyarakat. Dengan adanya stigma negatif tersebut membuat ODHA mudah mengalami depresi dan bahkan banyak dari ODHA memilih untuk mengakhiri hidupnya. Untuk itu diperlukannya suatu wadah rehabilitasi agar meningkatkan taraf hidup ODHA dan wadah pendidikan virus HIV agar stigma tersebut lambat laun berkurang. Dari mempelajari teori perkembangan tipologi rumah sakit dan virus HIV/ AIDS didapatkan suatu metode perancangan seperti a). Rumah sakit terbuka untuk publik, b). Cahaya matahari memengaruhi perkembangan secara mental dan jasmani pasien, c). Pola sirkulasi rumah sakit berbentuk lorong, d). Pasien dan publik dapat digabung jika penyakit tidak menular. Kesimpulannya dengan adanya passage yang dapat dilalui publik dan program yang memicu interaksi antar pengguna bangunan diharapkan stigma buruk pada masyarakat berkurang dan menjadi terapi bagi ODHA. Sehingga para ODHA memiliki mental hidup yang kuat dan akan menjalani hidupnya layaknya Non-ODHA.

Harm reduction programs the opportunity for psychiatric and substance use treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 79-79
Author(s):  
N. Martínez-Luna
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Harm Reduction Program ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Program ◽  
Drug Problems ◽  
Outpatient Drug

IntroductionAt least one-half of patients in substance use treatment have been diagnosed with comorbid psychiatric disorders. High prevalence of severe mental disorders co-occurring with substance use have been described. Harm reduction refers to policies, programs and practices that aim to reduce the harms associated with the use of illegal drugs in people unable or unwilling to stop.ObjectivesTo describe attendance and integration of patients with substance use disorders in a harm reduction program, to psychiatric treatment.AimsFind the importance and profitability of Harm Reduction Programs as an access door to psychiatric treatment in people with drug addiction.MethodsData was gathered from the first interview survey made to patients that contacted the Harm Reduction Program or attending the Outpatient Drug Clinic Vall d’Hebron in Barcelona between January 2005 until September 2010.ResultsA total of 348 patients (males = 71%, European community origin = 92%, mean age = 28,18 years). 63,8% of patients were under medical and psychiatric treatments, 55,4% attended the Methadone Maintenance Program, 7,4% other psychiatric treatments, and other treatments without specification 30,7%. The residential status was: 38% squatters, homeless 9,7%, hostel 3,4%, home 43%, lodging 2%, others 3%.ConclusionsMore than fifty percent of harm reduction program patient's were in a psychiatric treatment, it is an advantage that in the outpatient drug clinic of Vall d’Hebron both programs are included: harm reduction and psychiatric assessment. Access to integral treatment is important for people with drug problems, but many people with drug problems are unable or unwilling to get treatments.

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS coinfection with the hepatitis B and C viruses in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvano Barbosa de Oliveira ◽  
Edgar Merchan-Hamann ◽  
Leila Denise Alves Ferreira Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Probabilistic Record Linkage ◽  
Epidemiologic Surveillance ◽  
Hiv Virus ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Hiv Aids

The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV coinfections among AIDS cases reported in Brazil, and to describe the epidemiological profile of these cases. Coinfection was identified through probabilistic record linkage of the data of all patients carrying the HIV virus recorded as AIDS patients and of those patients reported as carriers of hepatitis B or C virus in various databases from the Brazilian Ministry of Health from 1999 to 2010. In this period 370,672 AIDS cases were reported, of which 3,724 were HIV/HBV coinfections. Women are less likely to become coinfected than men and the chance of coinfection increases with age. This study allowed an important evaluation of HBV/HIV and HCV/HIV coinfections in Brazil using information obtained via merging secondary databases from the Ministry of Health, without conducting seroprevalence research. The findings of this study might be important for planning activities of the Brazilian epidemiologic surveillance agencies.

scholarly journals Dominican Children with HIV Not Receiving Antiretrovirals: Massage Therapy Influences their Behavior and Development

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Hernandez-Reif ◽  
Gail Shor-Posner ◽  
Jeannette Baez ◽  
Solange Soto ◽  
Rosangela Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapy Group ◽  
Massage Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Alternative Interventions ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Play Session ◽  
Negative Thoughts ◽  
Very High ◽  
Hiv Aids

Forty-eight children (Mage = 4.8 years) infected with HIV/AIDS and living in the Dominican Republic were randomly assigned to a massage therapy or a play session control group. The children in the massage therapy group received two weekly 20-min massages for 12 weeks; the children in the control group participated in a play session (coloring, playing with blocks) for the same duration and length as the massage therapy group. Overall, the children in the massage therapy group improved in self-help abilities and communication, suggesting that massage therapy may enhance daily functioning for children with HIV/AIDS. Moreover, the HIV infected children who were six or older also showed a decrease in internalizing behaviors; specifically depressive/anxious behaviors and negative thoughts were reduced. Additionally, baseline assessments revealed IQ equivalence below normal functioning for 70% of the HIV infected children and very high incidences of mood problems (depression, withdrawn) for 40% of the children and anxiety problems for 20% of the children, suggesting the need for better monitoring and alternative interventions in countries with limited resources to improve cognition and the mental health status of children infected with HIV/AIDS.

Structure of a dideoxynucleoside active against the HIV (AIDS) virus

1993 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1095-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Gulbis ◽  
M. F. Mackay ◽  
G. Holan ◽  
S. M. Marcuccio
Keyword(s):  
Aids Virus ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Risk factors for Blastocystis infection in HIV/AIDS patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy in Southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun-Xian Zhang ◽  
Fen-Yan Kang ◽  
Jia-Xu Chen ◽  
Li-Guang Tian ◽  
Lan-Lan Geng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Virus Load ◽  
Hiv Virus ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Blastocystis is a widespread zoonotic protozoan of mammalian species, especially in HIV/AIDS individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and risk factors related with Blastocystis infection among HIV/AIDS patients in Southwest China. Methods The cross-sectional study was performed in 311 HIV/AIDS cases in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province from July 2016 to March 2017. For each subject, stool specimen was collected to detect the Blastocystis, and the blood sample was used to detect HIV virus load and CD4+ T cell count, in addition, structured questionnaire was used to collect the basic information and risk factors. Findings The result showed that the detection rate of Blastocystis was 3.86% (95% CI: 2.22–6.62) among HIV/AIDS patients. Both raising animal (OR = 12.93, 95% CI: 1.54–108.36) and drinking un-boiled water (OR = 8.17, 95% CI: 1.76–37.90) were risk factors for Blastocystis infection in HIV/AIDS individuals. In addition, the interaction of CD4+ T cell count and HIV virus load was also contribution to Blastocystis infection (P = 0.007). Conclusions A high prevalence of Blastocystis infection was found in HIV/AIDS patients in Tengchong. Poor hygienic habits, the interaction of HIV virus load and CD4+ T cell count were identified as main risk factors for infection. These results will help us to develop efficient control strategies to intervene with and prevent the occurrence of Blastocystis among HIV-infected individuals.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengguna Napza Suntik dalam Tindakan Pemanfaatan Layanan Program Terapi Rumatan Methadon (PTRM) di Kota Cirebon

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Dessy Aryanti ◽  
Bagoes Widjanarko ◽  
Kusyogo Cahyo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Family Attitudes ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTAccording to the risk factors as a result of injecting drug use (IDU) were second highest, after the heterosexual and homo-bisexual. In IDUs face two risks for contracting HIV / AIDS, from the use of unsterilized needles and performed together or alternately with other IDUs and also through sexual intercourse, especially that done with more than one partner without using a condom. Methadone maintenance treatment program (PTRM) is included in the Harm Reduction program – This is a program of harm reduction drug use in preventing transmission of HIV / AIDS. This research is quantitative with correlational design, sampling using the technique across sectional the total population 50 person IDUs of injecting drug users in the city of Cirebon -use structured questionnaires technique. From the 50 IDUs who were respondents in this research note that 68% did not use PTRM services. It is because most IDUs still can not stop using injection drugs and have not been willing to switch to PTRM. Results of univariate analysis to determine the level of knowledge of IDUs about PTRM 88% have a good category, the attitude of the respondents 80% have category support PTRM, family attitudes 50% have category support PTRM, attitudes of peers 72% have a category does not support the utilizations PTRM, attitude of health workers 66% category does not support PTRM, and the availability of facilities and health facilities 52% support in PTRM services. For the bivariate analysis showed that the attitude of IDUs to program substitution therapy methadone-related measures the utilization of PTRM, whereas knowledge factors, family attitudes, attitudes of peers, attitude of health workers, and the availability of facilities. Then knowledge of IDUs about PTRM shows no relationship with the actions the utilization of PTRM , And based on multivariate analysis known that the action the utilization of PTRM is influenced by the family attitudes were supportive of the utilizations of Methadone maintenance treatment program (PTRM).Keywords: drug, injection, PTRM, HIV/AIDS

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