scholarly journals Effect of fresh chopped leaves of certain plants as biofumigants for management Meloidogyne spp. on tomato plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
E Mousa ◽  
Magdy Mahdy ◽  
Mervat Sorial ◽  
Dalia Younis
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

scholarly journals Multiyear Evaluation of the Durability of the Resistance Conferred by Ma and RMia Genes to Meloidogyne incognita in Prunus Under Controlled Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Khallouk ◽  
Roger Voisin ◽  
Ulysse Portier ◽  
Joël Polidori ◽  
Cyril Van Ghelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
R Gene ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Resistance Breakdown ◽  
Susceptible Tomato ◽  
Prunus Spp

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) (Meloidogyne spp.) are highly polyphagous pests that parasitize Prunus crops in Mediterranean climates. Breeding for RKN-resistant Prunus cultivars, as an alternative to the now-banned use of nematicides, is a real challenge, because the perennial nature of these trees increases the risk of resistance breakdown. The Ma plum resistance (R) gene, with a complete spectrum, and the RMia peach R gene, with a more restricted spectrum, both provide total control of Meloidogyne incognita, the model parthenogenetic species of the genus and the most important RKN in terms of economic losses. We investigated the durability of the resistance to this nematode conferred by these genes, comparing the results obtained with those for the tomato Mi-1 reference gene. In multiyear experiments, we applied a high and continuous nematode inoculum pressure by cultivating nematode-infested susceptible tomato plants with either Prunus accessions carrying Ma or RMia R genes, or with resistant tomato plants carrying the Mi-1 gene. Suitable conditions for Prunus development were achieved by carrying out the studies in a glasshouse, in controlled conditions allowing a short winter leaf fall and dormancy. We first assessed the plum accession ‘P.2175’, which is heterozygous for the Ma gene, in two successive 2-year evaluations, for resistance to two M. incognita isolates. Whatever the isolate used, no nematodes reproducing on P.2175 were detected, whereas galls and nematodes reproducing on tomato plants carrying Mi-1 were observed. In a second experiment with the most aggressive isolate, interspecific full-sib material (P.2175 × [‘Garfi’ almond × ‘Nemared’ peach]), carrying either Ma or RMia (from Nemared) or both (in the heterozygous state) or neither of these genes, was evaluated for 4 years. No virulent nematodes developed on Prunus spp. carrying R genes, whereas galling and virulent individuals were observed on Mi-1-resistant tomato plants. Thus, the resistance to M. incognita conferred by Ma in Prunus material in both a pure-plum and an interspecific genetic background, or by RMia in an interspecific background, appears to be durable, highlighting the value of these two genes for the creation of Prunus rootstock material.

scholarly journals Shrimp shell amendment, soil fertility and tomato growth

1969 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Julio Lara Mártez ◽  
Nelia Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Soil Mixture ◽  
Tomato Variety ◽  
Shrimp Shell ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Tomato Growth ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Or Applications

The effect of shrimp shell amendment on the fertility of a sandy soil mixture, and on the growth of tomato variety Manalucie highly susceptible to nematodes, was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. Taller and heavier tomato plants were obtained when planted 25 days after application of shrimp shell to the soil at 2 to 4% levels. This material has potential as an organic-nematicidal amendment for the control of Meloidogyne spp. Shrimp shell used as soil amendment at any of the dosages 0 to 10% v/v, or applied 5 to 35 days before transplanting, raised soil pH and increased the amount of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in the soil. However, rates higher than 6% or applications less than 25 days before transplanting had detrimental effects on tomato plants.

scholarly journals Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) Prevention on Tomato Plants by Utilizing Rhizosphere Bacteria for Sustainable Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Rika Alfianny ◽  
I.Nyoman Pugeg Aryantha
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacteria ◽  
Scale Selection ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Resistance Induction ◽  
Direct Mechanism ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Damage Prevention

Root-Knot Nematodes are one of roots damaging nematodes. Their existence leads to decrease in tomatoes productivity in Indonesia as much as 46.2%. Currently, the pest and damage prevention is focused on biological control to attain the sustainability in agriculture. Utilizing of rhizosphere bacteria is an alternative for this purpose by both direct mechanism and indirect mechanism through induced resistance. This researchis proposed to obtain the effective rhizosphere bacteria as an agent of tomato plants resistance induction on nematodes and observe its influence on the growth and productivity of the tomato plants. The methods conducted are exploration, isolation, selection, and laboratory scale experiments. Exploration in five tomato planting regions provided 189 isolates. The further laboratory scale selection resulted in 18 candidates of bacteria having the potency in growth and superiority in antagonist, and nine appropriate consortium isolates was obtained in the next compatibility test. On the final test in the field, it was concluded that P7 consortium isolate consisting of (LM24 and CK212), P52 (LM38+CN26+CK27+CK212) simply suppressed the presence of nematodes more over P40 (LM24 + CN26) solely provided the proper growth, whereas P31 (LM24+CN26+CK27) was not only able to inhibit nematodes but also provide the satisfying growth and productivity.

scholarly journals Use of organic amendments in the management of root-knot nematode in lettuce

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia R Dias-Arieira ◽  
Danielle Mattei ◽  
Heriksen H Puerari ◽  
Regina CF Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Crambe Meal ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

ABSTRACT: Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are among the most important parasites of the lettuce crop. Managing these organisms is difficult due to limitations in genetic (use of resistant cultivars) and chemical control. Thus, new practices should be sought to reduce their reproduction. The present study aimed to evaluate the application of organic amendments in the control of Meloidogyne incognita in lettuce. At first, tomato plants were inoculated to establish an initial population in the soil. After 60 days, the aerial part was discarded, and the lettuce seedlings were transplanted into pots. Two days after transplanting, the treatments bokashi, crambe cake, whey protein, cottonseed composted and shredded wood chip composted were applied at 20 g or 20 mL per pot. Water was applied as control treatment. After 70 days, bokashi and crambe meal reduced the number of eggs/g of root and promoted plant growth. Results obtained with whey protein, cottonseed meal and composted shredded wood chip did not differ from those obtained with the control treatment. Bokashi and crambe cake are effective in the M. incognita control under controlled conditions.

scholarly journals Management of Root Knot Nematode on Tomato through Grafting Root Stock of Solanum sisymbriifolium

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj Baidya ◽  
Ram Devi Timila ◽  
Ram Bahadur KC ◽  
Hira Kaji Manandhar ◽  
Chetana Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Root Stock ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Solanum Sisymbriifolium

The root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp) are difficult to manage once established in the field because of their wide host range, and soil-borne nature. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the use of resistant root stock of wild brinjal (Solanum sisymbriifolium) to reduce the loss caused by the nematodes on tomato. For the management of root-knot nematodes, grafted plant with resistant root stock of the wild brinjal was tested under farmers’ field conditions at Hemza of Kaski district. Grafted and non-grafted plants were produced in root-knot nematode-free soil. Around three week-old grafted and non-grafted tomato plants were transplanted in four different plastic tunnels where root-knot nematodes had been reported previously. The plants were planted in diagonal position to each other as a pair plot in 80 × 60 cm2 spacing in an average of 20 × 7 m2 plastic tunnels. Galling Index (GI) was recorded three times in five randomly selected plants in each plot at 60 days intervals. The first observation was recorded two months after transplanting. Total fruit yield was recorded from same plants. In the grafted plants, the root system was totally free from gall whereas in an average of 7.5 GI in 0-10 scale was recorded in the non-grafted plants. Fruits were harvested from time to time and cumulated after final harvest to calculate the total fruit yield. It was estimated that on an average tomato fruit yield was significantly (P>0.05) increased by 37 percent in the grafted plants compared with the non-grafted plants. Grafting technology could be used effectively for cultivation of commonly grown varieties, which are susceptible to root-knot nematodes in disease prone areas. This can be used as an alternative technology for reducing the use of hazardous pesticides for enhancing commercial organic tomato production.Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council Vol.3 2017: 27-31

scholarly journals Physiological changes in Solanum lycopersicum L. in the presence of root-knot nematodes and salicylic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Romário Andrade Figueiredo ◽  
Jackson Silva Nóbrega ◽  
João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Toshik Iarley Da Silva ◽  
Manoel Bandeira De Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Soil Infestation ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Experimental Patch

Nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne spp. are one of the tomato culture’s main pathogens. According to their soil infestation level, physiological changes may occur. Consequently, it is extremely important to employ given products to minimize their effect. A feasible option is the salicylic acid, a phytohormone that can induce into resistance due to its ability to increase the production level of some pathogenicity proteins. Therefore, the purpose hereof was to assess the effect of salicylic acid on the physiology of tomato plants subject to different populational densities of Meloidogyne javanica. The design employed was one of randomized blocks, in an incomplete factorial scheme, using the Box Central Compound (BCC) matrix with five nematode populational densities (PD) (0; 5815; 20000; 34184; and 40000 eggs per plant) and five salicylic acid doses (0.0; 0.29; 1.0; 1.71; and 2.0 mM), with four repetitions and two plants per experimental patch. The gas exchanges, fluorescence, and chlorophyll levels were evaluated 45 days after the transplant and soil infestation. The data were submitted for analysis of variance through the F test and, in the significance cases, the polynomial regression analysis was performed. For stomatal conductance, a greater reduction was seen at the PD of 21755 eggs per plant, a fact that might have decreased the liquid assimilation of CO2 and the efficiency of carboxylation. The salicylic acid (SA) affected the CO2 liquid assimilation and the efficiency of carboxylation. The infestation of M. javanica in tomato plants negatively affected the gas exchange and the chlorophyll levels because the SA application did not mitigate the negative effect thereof.

scholarly journals Cost-effective bacteria-based bionematicide formula to control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. on tomato plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iis Nur Asyiah ◽  
JEKTI PRIHATIN ◽  
Ahda Dwi Hastuti ◽  
Sugeng Winarso ◽  
Lenny Widjayanthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Root Damage ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Abstract. Asyiah IN, Prihatin J, Hastuti AD, Winarso S, Widjayanthi L, Nugroho D, Firmansyah K, Pradana AP. 2021. Cost-effective bacteria-based bionematicide formula to control root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. in tomato plants. Biodiversitas 22: 3256-3264. The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. can infect and cause loss production in various horticultural plants, including tomatoes. In the previous study, we found 3 endophytic bacteria isolates and 1 rhizobacterium isolate that could control several plant-parasitic nematodes. In this study, we formulated these bionematicide isolates with cheap and environmentally friendly organic materials. The formula was fortified using several organic matters, vitamin sources, protein sources, and sugar sources. The research was conducted in an experimental land with a history of severe root-knot nematode infection. The analysis showed that there were 63.7 J2 Meloidogyne spp. per 100 ml of soil on the experimental land. The application was given at a time interval of 2 weeks at the concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, with a dose of 100 ml per plant. As a negative control, the plant did not give any treatments, and as a positive control, the plant was given 5 g carbofuran per plant. The results revealed that treatment with 2% bionematicide formula concentration showed the best consistent result. This treatment increased canopy wet weight by 38.63% and root dry weight by 106.97% compared to negative control. The P4 treatment was also found effective to increase fruit weight by 33.61% and fruit diameter by 26.16% as compared to negative control. Increased plant growth in P4 treatment was closely related to the total of root-knot suppression and root damage intensity. In the P4 treatment, the total of root-knots and root damage intensities was 44.83% and 32.66%, respectively, compared to the negative control. This suppression also occurred in the nematode population and nematode eggs. In the P4 treatment, the total of Meloidogyne spp. J2 in soil and root was lower by 60.74% and 66.24%, respectively, compared to the negative control. A similar phenomenon also occurred in the total of eggs, which was 79.40% lower than the total of eggs in the negative control. This study provides the latest information about a cost-effective bacteria-based bionematicide formula, which is effective in suppressing Meloidogyne spp. infection in tomato, and promotes the growth and development tomato plant.

scholarly journals Effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus on tomato plants and the management of root knot nematodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriyar Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Shahjahan Monjil
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Paecilomyces Lilacinus ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus on tomato plant growth and the management of root knot nematodes in tomato was studied. The research work was conducted in Microbiology & Bio-control Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh and in Net-house of Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from July, 2016 to October, 2017. In net-house pot culture experiment, four different treatments were used viz., T1: Inoculation of egg masses (10 egg masses/plant) of Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), T2: Application of P. lilacinus, T3: Application of egg masses of Nematodes and P. lilacinus simultaneously, and T4: Control (non-treated). Spore suspension (10×105 Conc.) of P. lilacinus was mixed with the soil before transplantation and Meloidogyne spp. was inoculated on three days after transplantation. Application of P. lilacinus in soil enhanced the plant growth parameters of tomato plants. Inoculation of Meloidogyne spp. reduced plant growth and the reduction was increased with the increase of inoculum density of Meloidogyne spp. Maximum plant growth reduction was recorded when Meloidogyne spp. was inoculated alone. The maximum plant growth was recorded in case of application of P. lilacinus to soil. A high percentage (85%) of egg masses of Meloidogyne spp. was infected by P. lilacinus when applied together J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 9–13, March 2019

scholarly journals The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Munif ◽  
Muhammad Nursalim ◽  
Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Abstract. Munif A, Nursalim M, Pradana AP. 2021. The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants. Biodiversitas 22: 3229-3236. The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the plant-parasitic nematodes that cause economical loss in the vegetable plantations in the world. The endophytic bacteria may act as a potential biological agent to control the plant-parasitic nematodes. The aim of this study was to explore the endophytic bacteria from Tagetes sp., which had a potential to control Meloidogyne spp. and act as growth promoter for tomato plants. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots and stems of Tagetes sp. and tissues were cultured on the tryptic soy agar (TSA) media. The endophytic bacterial isolates were selected using hypersensitive and blood agar tests to identify their biological safety. The selected endophytic bacteria were also assessed for growth promoter test in the tomato plants. The selected endophytic bacteria were assessed in vitro against the Meloidogyne spp. juvenile 2 and their effectiveness in suppressing the root-knot nematodes on tomato plants in greenhouse. The results showed that total of 184 endophytic bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from the roots and stem of Tagetes sp. In hypersensitive and hemolytic tests, 78 and 36 isolates showed negative responses, respectively. Of the 36 isolates tested, it was found that 14 of them were able to promote the growth of tomato seedlings. In in vitro test, 14 endophytic bacteria showed 73-93% mortality rate of Meloidogyne spp J2. The results at greenhouse showed that 3 bacterial isolates, namely, AL21, AL44, and AL53 suppress the number of root-knot nematodes up to 50-74% and improve tomato plant growth by 32%. These results indicate that endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. have the potential to act as biocontrol agents of parasitic nematodes and a plant growth promoter.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document