scholarly journals An innovative subterranean spring capture method for improved water quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Ten Pas ◽  
Carly Bogdajewicz ◽  
Julie Wildschut ◽  
Chad Tatko ◽  
Robert Hoeksema
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Source ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Water Borne

Abstract Many rural communities in Andean countries of South America rely on springs as their primary drinking water source. A variety of spring capture methods are employed resulting in varying water quality. Water from these spring-fed sources, delivered to the community via a distribution network, is often not chlorinated, increasing the risk of water-borne pathogens. A simple, improved technique has been developed in Ecuador's Chimborazo Province by a local Christian organization, Corporación de Desarrollo Integral Socio Económico (CODEINSE), to protect spring water sources for community water supply. This new technique, ‘the CODEINSE method’, builds on the strengths of traditional subterranean spring captures while employing several design improvements, like a concrete cap and sufficient gravel pack, to prevent surface water contamination. According to water quality data collected in Ecuador, the CODEINSE method consistently provides high-quality water with substantially reduced levels of water-borne pathogens compared to traditional spring capture methods. On average, the CODEINSE method yields water with less than 1.0 CFU/100 mL, water that is deemed no risk by the World Health Organization. The CODEINSE method has the potential to improve water quality not only in the rural Andean communities in Ecuador but also in developing countries across the world.

scholarly journals Domestic Groundwater Quality in the Northern Governorates of the West Bank, Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Banan Hejaz ◽  
Issam A. Al-Khatib ◽  
Nidal Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
The West ◽  
Water Quality Data

Like several parts in the Middle East, the West Bank is in a significant water scarcity status. Palestinians use groundwater as the main water source, supplying more than 90% of the consumed water in the West Bank. The aim of this study is to enhance the knowledge on drinking water quality in the West Bank. Groundwater quality data was obtained from the Palestinian Water Authority, including the years 2015 and 2016, from the Northern six districts of the West Bank. The water quality data were analyzed and matched with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and the Palestinian standards for drinking water quality. The findings of this study revealed that groundwater in the north of the West Bank comply with several drinking water requirements including total hardness, pH, and sodium and chloride content. Conversely, 18% of the samples exceed the limits for nitrate concentration. The fecal Coliforms and total Coliforms results show that 98.7% of the samples give no risk, but 1.3% of the samples give low risk, and no sample gives intermediate-to-high risks. The microbial and chemical pollution of groundwater is postulated to inadequate wastewater management, high use of fertilizers, and uncontrolled disposal of animal manure. Therefore, it is crucial to disinfect drinking water at the source of production before supply as an immediate action, followed by implementing pollution prevention measures.

scholarly journals Pioneering water quality data on the Lake Victoria watershed: effects on human health

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 920-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamie J. Jovanelly ◽  
Julie Johnson-Pynn ◽  
James Okot-Okumu ◽  
Richard Nyenje ◽  
Emily Namaganda
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Elevated Exposure

Four forest reserves within 50 km of Kampala in Uganda act as a critical buffer to the Lake Victoria watershed and habitat for local populations. Over a 9-month period we capture a pioneering water quality data set that illustrates ecosystem health through the implementation of a water quality index (WQI). The WQI was calculated using field and laboratory data that reflect measured physical and chemical parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen on demand, nitrates, phosphates, fecal coliform, and temperature turbidity). Overall, the WQI for the four forest reserves reflect poor to medium water quality. Results compared with US Environmental Protection Agency and World Health Organization drinking water standards indicate varying levels of contamination at most sites and all designated drinking water sources, with signatures of elevated nitrates, phosphates, and/or fecal coliforms. As critical health problems are known to arise with elevated exposure to contaminants in drinking water, this data set can be used to communicate necessary improvements within the watershed.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM DATABASE ONLINE MONITORING (OnLimo) KUALITAS AIR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Dwi Wahjono
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Base System ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Processing Water

Recent water quality decrease has caused difficult in finding clean water source for people and their daily life. Monitoring on water quality had been carried out many times, from up stream to down stream. It’s necessary to do Online Monitoring on ground and underground water quality continuously, so that the effect of water quality decrease could be detected earlier and handle directly. The output of water quality data needs to be processed so that the society and the decision makers could see the information publicly. So, we need a design of structured database of online and real-time water quality data processing. Water quality data management using structured data base system could make water source data retracing easier. Katakunci : database struktur, online monitoring, real time monitoring 

scholarly journals Combining Sanitary Inspection and Water Quality Data in Western Uganda: Lessons Learned from a Field Trial of Original and Revised Sanitary Inspection Forms

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
D. Daniel ◽  
Josphine Gaicugi ◽  
Richard King ◽  
Sara J. Marks ◽  
Giuliana Ferrero
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Revised Si

Risk assessment for drinking water systems combines sanitary inspections (SI) and water quality testing and is critical for effectively managing the safety of these systems. SI forms consist of question sets relating to the presence of potential sources and pathways of contamination specific to different types of water points, piped distribution systems, and household collection and storage practices. As part of the revision to the Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (GDWQ), the World Health Organization (WHO) is updating the suite of SI forms to reflect and include the most recent technical and scientific information available. This paper reports the results from a field pilot of a selection of published and revised SI forms and water quality testing in the municipality of Bushenyi-Ishaka, Uganda. We collected data from 45 springs, 61 taps from piped distribution systems, and 129 household storage containers filled with water from those springs and taps. The median total risk scores, according to the revised forms, for spring, tap, and household practices were 36, 53, and 33%, respectively, with higher percentages indicating greater risk. The median Escherichia coli concentrations of spring, tap, and household storage systems were 17, <1, and 7 CFU/100 mL, respectively. We found that increased questioning in the revised SI forms do not necessarily translate to a higher total risk. There is potential for misinterpretation of terminology in the revised SI forms and occasional redundancy of concepts. For the revised SI form for springs, we suggest specific text changes to reduce potential bias. We recommend that users of SI forms receive training in their use and be familiar with their locale. Furthermore, the revised SI forms may need to be adapted in accordance with the local context.

scholarly journals Pre-Post Monsoon Assessment of Ground Water of Ghot Village in Gadchiroli District

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3444-3448
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Drinking Water Source

there basic need of human being that is food, shelter and Cloth. So as In food water is very important after air, around 72% of earth surface is covered with water but among them only few percentage of source are available for drinking and other domestic purposed. Sub-Surface water is one of the most priceless naturally occurring things which balance human health and development of ecology. In this research find out safe drinking water source in Ghot village of Gadchiroli district. Also find determine chipset filtration process required other drinking water sources so that people from Ghot village are easily use this water for drinking and domestic purposed. With the help of sample analysis from different location of Ghot village are tested in laboratory and check with BIS and WHO standards. Water quality guidelines provide a threshold value for each parameter for drinking water. It is necessary that the quality of drinking water should be checked at regular time intervals, because due to the use of contaminated drinking water, the human population suffers from various water borne diseases. There are some parameters of drinking water quality parameters like World Health Organization (WHO) and Indian Standard IS 12500: 2012. The objectives of this study are to analyses the underground water quality of Ghot Village of Gadchiroli region by water quality index. In this research 11 sample point location were selected on five parameter which are essential for check for quality. Physico-chemical parameters such as PH, Turbidity, Total Hardness, Fluoride and Total Dissolved Solids collected different place like boar well, pond, River etc. In this study find out the range of water quality index so that treatment on water can be perform properly on respective drinking water source

scholarly journals Avaliação Preliminar da Presença de Metais Traço, nas Águas do Riacho Mussuré e o Córrego de Mumbaba – João Pessoa – PB (Preliminary Assessment of the Presence of Trace Metals in the Waters of the Stream Mussuré and Creek Mumbaba - João Pessoa)

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Maria Leonia Pessoa ◽  
Jose Dantas Neto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Quality Water

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade da água do córrego Mumbaba e o riacho Mussuré por meios de parâmetros físico-químicos; dando ênfase a presença de concentração de metais pesados nas águas, a fim de fornecer subsídios aos gestores ambientais na tomada de decisões. Para tanto, delimitou-se como área de estudo a bacia do riacho Mussuré, que está inserida na bacia do rio Gramame, no estado da Paraíba. E o Córrego localizado na comunidade Mumbaba no sudoeste do Município de João Pessoa – PB. Cinco pontos amostrais foram estabelecidos e as variáveis medidas foram temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido, nitrato, nitrito, nitrogênio amoniacal e fósforo. Foram constatadas diversas alterações na qualidade da água do riacho Mussuré e o córrego, ao longo de todo seu curso. Os teores de OD estavam muito abaixo do limite estabelecido pela Resolução 357/05 para a classe 3 (4,0 mgL-1), nas cinco estações monitoradas. A estação situada aproximadamente na metade do curso do riacho apresentou os maiores valores de turbidez, e a pior qualidade da água através do uso dos dois índices citados, fato que se deve ao lançamento de efluentes industriais a montante desta estação. Com relação aos metais, as concentrações de cromo total, chumbo, níquel, cádmio, cobre e mercúrio em todos os pontos analisados permaneceram abaixo do limite estabelecido pela resolução nº 357/2005 do CONAMA. Pelos resultados encontrados conclui-se que o riacho Mussuré, e o córrego apresenta alto grau de degradação e suas águas representam um risco para a saúde da população usuária.  Preliminary Assessment of the Presence of Trace Metals in the Waters of the Stream Mussuré and Creek Mumbaba - João Pessoa A B S T R A C T The aim of this work was to evaluate the water quality of the stream Mussuré and creek Mumbaba by means of physico-chemical parameters: emphasizing the presence of heavy metals concentration in water in order to provide information to environmental managers in making decisions. So, we delineated the study area as the basin of the creek Mussuré , which is embedded in the Gramame River basin in the state of Paraíba . And the community Mumbaba located in the southwest of the city of João Pessoa - PB . The methodology consisted in the analysis of water quality data . The data relating to physical , chemical parameters were analyzed over five sampling stations . Several changes were observed in the water quality of the stream and creek Mussuré , throughout its course . The levels of DO were well below the limit established by CONAMA Resolution 357 / 05 for Class 3 ( 4.0 mg / L ) in five stations monitored . The station located about halfway through the course of the creek had the highest turbidity values ​​, and the lowest water quality through the use of two indices mentioned, a fact that is due to industrial effluent discharge upstream of this station . As for metals, concentrations of total chromium, lead, nickel and copper in the stream Mussuré station (MS01A) showed values above the limit established by CONAMA Resolution 357/2005. The results it is concluded that the creek Mussuré , and the stream has a high degree of degradation and its waters pose a risk to the health of the user population . Keywords: water quality, water pollution, environmental impacts, Industrial core

scholarly journals A comparative analysis on water quality in an urban micro watershed

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Tavares Zambrano ◽  
Cristiano Poleto ◽  
Jefferson Nascimento Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose This study presents a comparative analysis of water quality data in an urban micro watershed to study the magnitude of impacts on the water quality parameters over the last decade. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the degree of deterioration using the water quality index. Design/methodology/approach Rapid urban growth without proper land use and occupation planning results in the overload of urban water resources. Therefore, a literature review was conducted on the research subject published in the dissertation databases of the Engineering Faculty of Ilha Solteira, which resulted in the selection of two dissertations on water quality in the Ipê Stream, Ilha Solteira – SP, Brazil. The results will be evaluated according to the Brazilian laws and regulations in force. Findings This study shows that pollution and degradation in the stream intensified during the study period, with the most impacted areas within the urban perimeter. Practical implications The increasing impacts underscore the need for efficient measures such as implementation of retention reservoirs, elimination of clandestine sewage connections and restoration of riparian forests. Originality/value This study highlights the need to monitor the water quality of streams in order to establish preventive and mitigating measures to avert the growing environmental impacts and to ensure quality water for future generations.

scholarly journals Evaluation on the Quality of Bangkok Tap Water with Other Drinking Purpose Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
A. Kordach ◽  
C. Chardwattananon ◽  
K. Wongin ◽  
B. Chayaput ◽  
N. Wongpat
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Tap Water Quality

The concern of drinking purposed water quality in Bangkok, Nonthaburi, and Samutprakarn provinces has been a problem for over fifteen years. Metropolitan Water Works Authority (MWA) of Thailand is fully responsible for providing water supply to the mentioned areas. The objective of Drinkable Tap Water Project is to make people realize in quality of tap water. Communities, school, government agencies, hotels, hospitals, department stores, and other organizations are participating in this project. MWA have collected at least 3 samples of water from the corresponding places and the samples have to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines level. This study is to evaluate water quality of tap water, storage water, filtered water, and filtered water dispenser. The water samples from 2,354 attending places are collected and analyzed. From October 2011 to September 2016, MWA analyzed 32,711 samples. The analyzed water parameters are free residual chlorine, appearance color, turbidity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and pathogenic bacteria; E.coli. The results indicated that a number of tap water samples had the highest number compliance with WHO guidelines levels at 98.40%. The filtered water, filtered water dispenser, and storage water were received 96.71%, 95.63%, and 90.88%, respectively. However, the several samples fail to pass WHO guideline level because they were contaminated by E.coli. The result is that tap water has the highest score among other sources probably because tap water has chlorine for disinfection and always is monitored by professional team round-the-clock services compared to the other water sources with less maintenance or cleaning. Also, water quality reports are continuously sent to customers by mail addresses. Tap water quality data are shown on MWA websites and Facebook. All these steps of work should enhance the confidence of tap water quality.

scholarly journals A Partial Environmental Engineering Management Study of Open Dump Site and Its Impact on Land and Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1247-1234
Author(s):  
Kelechi Uchenna Ugoji ◽  
Abba Ibim Green ◽  
Ruth Ngozi Nmoye ◽  
Ndukam Billy Igbere
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Environmental Engineering ◽  
World Health ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Health Organization

This research appraises in partial the environmental engineering effects of open dumpsite with peripheral study of the dumpsite at km 3 Aba-Enugu Expressway in Abia State southeast of Nigeria. The investigation includes visual assessment, interviews / questionnaires results, and analysis. The study reveals that the waste dump serves as a sink to many parts of Aba metropolis being one of the biggest dumpsites in Abia state. The sand value of 47.7% obtained from the study agrees with existing literature/hydrogeology of the area. Results proved that the ground water is safe as samples display quality, which are below the Nigerian standards for drinking water quality limit. These values also fall below the World Health Organization (WHO) water quality limit so the residents around do not stand any health risk at the moment. However, increasing concentration of pollutants indicates that the Soil and probably the potential drinking water source may be contaminated with time, supporting existing study. Therefore, this research recommends a well-engineered waste management plan alongside Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) cradle-to-grave approach to management of open dumpsite.

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