scholarly journals Leak detection by inverse transient analysis in an experimental PVC pipe system

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Kepler Soares ◽  
Dídia I. C. Covas ◽  
Luisa Fernanda R. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Transient Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Transient Pressure ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Hydraulic Transient

Leakage reduction in water supply systems and distribution networks has been an increasingly important issue in the water industry since leaks and ruptures result in major physical and economic losses. Hydraulic transient solvers can be used in the system operational diagnosis, namely for leak detection purposes, due to their capability to describe the dynamic behaviour of the systems and to provide substantial amounts of data. In this research work, the association of hydraulic transient analysis with an optimisation model, through inverse transient analysis (ITA), has been used for leak detection and its location in an experimental facility containing PVC pipes. Observed transient pressure data have been used for testing ITA. A key factor for the success of the leak detection technique used is the accurate calibration of the transient solver, namely adequate boundary conditions and the description of energy dissipation effects since PVC pipes are characterised by a viscoelastic mechanical response. Results have shown that leaks were located with an accuracy between 4–15% of the total length of the pipeline, depending on the discretisation of the system model.

scholarly journals Multiple Leak Detection in Water Distribution Networks Following Seismic Damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8306
Author(s):  
Jeongwook Choi ◽  
Gimoon Jeong ◽  
Doosun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Detection Model

Water pipe leaks due to seismic damage are more difficult to detect than bursts, and such leaks, if not repaired in a timely manner, can eventually reduce supply pressure and generate both pollutant penetration risks and economic losses. Therefore, leaks must be promptly identified, and damaged pipes must be replaced or repaired. Leak-detection using equipment in the field is accurate; however, it is a considerably labor-intensive process that necessitates expensive equipment. Therefore, indirect leak detection methods applicable before fieldwork are necessary. In this study, a computer-based, multiple-leak-detection model is developed. The proposed technique uses observational data, such as the pressure and flow rate, in conjunction with an optimization method and hydraulic analysis simulations, to improve detection efficiency (DE) for multiple leaks in the field. A novel approach is proposed, i.e., use of a cascade and iteration search algorithms to effectively detect multiple leaks (with the unknown locations, quantities, and sizes encountered in real-world situations) due to large-scale disasters, such as earthquakes. This method is verified through application to small block-scale water distribution networks (WDNs), and the DE is analyzed. The proposed detection model can be used for efficient leak detection and the repair of WDNs following earthquakes.

scholarly journals Leakage Management and Pipe System Efficiency. Its Influence in the Improvement of the Efficiency Indexes

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1909
Author(s):  
Carlos Andrés Macías Ávila ◽  
Francisco-Javier Sánchez-Romero ◽  
P. Amparo López-Jiménez ◽  
Modesto Pérez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

Water is one of the most valuable resources for humans. Worldwide, leakage levels in water distribution systems oscillate between 10% and 55%. This causes the need for constant repairs, economic losses, and risk to the health of users due to possible pathogenic intrusion. There are different methods for estimating the level of leakage in a network, depending on parameters such as service pressure, orifice size, age and pipe material. Sixty-two water distribution networks were analyzed to determine the leakage method used, the calibration method, and the percentage of existing leaks. Different efficiency indicators were proposed and evaluated using this database. Several cases of installation of pumps working as turbines (PATs) in water distribution networks were analyzed in which the use of these recovery systems caused a pressure drop, reducing the level of leaks and recovering energy.

Application of hydraulic transients for leak detection in water supply systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Covas ◽  
H. Ramos ◽  
N. Graham ◽  
C. Maksimovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Transient Analysis ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Transient Event ◽  
Leak Location ◽  
Supply Systems

The current paper reports the investigation of two transient-based techniques for leak detection in water pipe systems using physical data collected in the laboratory and in quasi-field conditions. The first is the analysis of the leak reflected wave during a transient event and the second is inverse transient analysis (ITA). This was approached through the development of an inverse transient analysis tool and the collection of transient data for the testing and validation of this model. Two experimental programmes were carried out at Imperial College and in cooperation with Thames Water for the validation and testing of these techniques. Evaluation of the presence, location and size of leaks was carried out using the collected data. Transient-based techniques have been shown to be successful in the detection and location of leaks and leak location uncertainties depended on the leak size and location, flow regime and location where the transient event was generated. These leak detection methods are very promising for identifying the general area of the trunk main with leakage, and can be combined with other leak location techniques (e.g. acoustic equipment) to more precisely pinpoint the leak position. Transient-based techniques are particularly important for the diagnosis, monitoring and control of existing water supply systems, not only to detect leaks, but also to better understand the causes of pipe bursts and accidents, particularly when these are due to natural transient events.

scholarly journals Leak detection in virtually isolated pipe sections within a complex pipe system using a two-source-four-sensor transient testing configuration

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1306-1320
Author(s):  
He Shi ◽  
Jinzhe Gong ◽  
Angus R. Simpson ◽  
Aaron C. Zecchin ◽  
Martin F. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Transient Pressure ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Pipe Section ◽  
Supply Pipe ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Single Pipe

Abstract Leak detection in complex pipeline systems is challenging due to complex wave reflections. This research proposes a new technique for leak detection in targeted pipe sections within complex water supply pipe systems using controlled hydraulic transient pressure waves. To ‘virtually isolate’ a targeted pipe section for independent analysis, a two-source-four-sensor transient testing configuration is used to extract the transfer matrix of the targeted pipe section, and it is independent of the system boundary conditions. The imaginary part of the difference between two elements in the transfer matrix is sensitive to leaks. The result should be zero if no leak is present, while a leak will introduce a sinusoidal pattern. An algorithm is developed to extract the leak information, which is applicable to multiple leaks. Two numerical case studies are conducted to validate the new leak detection technique. Case 1 is on a single pipe system with two leaks and deteriorated pipe sections, and pulse pressure waves are used as the excitation. Case 2 is on a simple pipe network with one leak, and pseudo-random binary signals are used as the excitation. The successful determination of the leak location and impedance validates the concept.

A Review on Data Mining Techniques Towards Water Sustainability Issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 818-826
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar Panda ◽  
A. Sai Sabitha ◽  
Vikas Deep
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
World Population ◽  
Water Sustainability ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

Sustainability is defined as the practice of protecting natural resources for future use without harming the nature. Sustainable development includes the environmental, social, political, and economic issues faced by human being for existence. Water is the most vital resource for living being on this earth. The natural resources are being exploited with the increase in world population and shortfall of these resources may threaten humanity in the future. Water sustainability is a part of environmental sustainability. The water crisis is increasing gradually in many places of the world due to agricultural and industrial usage and rapid urbanization. Data mining tools and techniques provide a powerful methodology to understand water sustainability issues using rich environmental data and also helps in building models for possible optimization and reengineering. In this research work, a review on usage of supervised or unsupervised learning algorithms in water sustainability issues like water quality assessment, waste water collection system and water consumption is presented. Advanced technologies have also helped to resolve major water sustainability issues. Some major data mining optimization algorithms have been compared which are used in piped water distribution networks.

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