scholarly journals Novel draw solutes of iron complexes easier recovery in forward osmosis process

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quang Trung ◽  
Le Van Nhan ◽  
Pham Thi Phuong Thao ◽  
Le Truong Giang
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Iron Complexes ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
High Water ◽  
Ammonium Bicarbonate ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Ammonium Iron

Abstract Forward osmotic (FO) membrane is a new process for producing fresh water from salt water. The study of draw solute is essential in the development and application of FO technology; draw solution should be good at drawing water and easy at recovery. In this paper, three complex draw solutes such as ammonium iron (II) sulfate, ammonium iron (III) sulfate and ammonium iron (III) citrate with different concentrations were studied. The physical properties such as pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) have simultaneously been investigated. The pH of most ammonium complexes was decreased whereas TDS increased with increasing of draw solution concentrations. We found that high water flux of these iron complexes was reported in the range of 8.88–11.24 LMH which was higher than the ammonium bicarbonate draw solution. In addition, more than 90% iron complexes draw solutions were recovered by NF-90 membrane, which plays an important role in the FO process to produce fresh water. This study provides direct evidence for the ability of permeate water from feed solution to draw solution, which shows the potential applications of iron complexes in FO process to produce fresh water from sea-, brackish or river water.

scholarly journals Structural investigation and application of Tween 80-choline chloride self-assemblies as osmotic agent for water desalination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasamin Bide ◽  
Marzieh Arab Fashapoyeh ◽  
Soheila Shokrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Osmotic Agent

AbstractForward osmosis (FO) process has been extensively considered as a potential technology that could minimize the problems of traditional water desalination processes. Finding an appropriate osmotic agent is an important concern in the FO process. For the first time, a nonionic surfactant-based draw solution was introduced using self-assemblies of Tween 80 and choline chloride. The addition of choline chloride to Tween 80 led to micelles formation with an average diameter of 11.03 nm. The 1H NMR spectra exhibited that all groups of Tween 80 were interacted with choline chloride by hydrogen bond and Van der Waals’ force. The influence of adding choline chloride to Tween 80 and the micellization on its osmotic activity was investigated. Despite the less activity of single components, the average water flux of 14.29 L m‒2 h‒1 was obtained using 0.15 M of Tween 80-choline chloride self-assembly as draw solution in the FO process with DI water feed solution. Moreover, various concentrations of NaCl aqueous solutions were examined as feed solution. This report proposed a possible preparation of nonionic surfactant-based draw solutions using choline chloride additive with enhanced osmotic activities that can establish an innovative field of study in water desalination by the FO process.

scholarly journals Performance of layer-by-layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte forward osmosis membrane for humic acid removal and reverse solute diffusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suriani Husaini ◽  
Mazrul Nizam Abu Seman
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Draw Solution

<p>Recent study claimed that forward osmosis (FO) process could handle the fouling problem due it driven force based on natural osmotic pressure. However, researchers observed that FO membrane had problem with reverse solute diffusion (RSD) of draw solution. Therefore, FO membrane properties must be improved either physically or chemically in order to overcome this problem. Among all, surface modification approach has been acknowledged as a best technique to alter the membrane properties without significantly change the bulk membrane properties. In this study, polyelectrolyte FO membrane has been produced through Layer by Layer (LbL) deposition method by using Poly (diallyl-dimethylammoniumchloride), PDADMAC and Poly (sodium 4-styrene-sulfonate), PSS as an active monomers. Humic acid (HA) as part of Natural Organic Matter constituents was used as the feed solution and NaCl as a draw solution. The chemical structure and morphology of the FO membrane were characterized by FTIR and FESEM, respectively. From this study, the highest water flux and humic acid rejection were achieved at 2.5M of draw solution with value of 2.56 L/m<sup>²</sup>.h and 99%, respectively. In general, the water flux increases as the concentration of draw solutions were increased. However, it was observed that reverse salt diffusion (RSD) become worse at higher concentration of draw solution.</p><p>Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 19(2017) 75-79</p>

scholarly journals Polymer Having Dicationic Structure in Dumbbell Shape for Forward Osmosis Process

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taehyung Kim ◽  
Changha Ju ◽  
Chanhyuk Park ◽  
Hyo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Solute Flux ◽  
Responsive Polymers ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Efficient Recovery

The thermal-responsive polymers, poly(alkane-1,#-diylbis(tri-n-butylphosphonium) 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate) (PSSBP#, # = 8, 6, and 4), where # is the number of carbon atoms in the central bridge structure of the dicationic phosphonium moiety, were synthesized to examine their potential application as draw solutes in forward osmosis (FO). The polymers exhibited low critical solution temperature (LCST) characteristics in aqueous solutions, which is essential for recovering a draw solute from pure water. The LCSTs of the 20 wt% aqueous solutions of PSSBP8, PSSBP6, and PSSBP4 were confirmed to be approximately 30, 38, and 26 °C, respectively, which is advantageous in terms of energy requirements for the recovering draw solute. When the concentration of the PSSBP4 draw solution was 20 wt%, water flux and reverse solute flux were approximately 1.61 LMH and 0.91 gMH, respectively, in the active layer facing the draw solution (AL-DS) system when the feed solution was distilled water. The PSSBP# thermal-responsive draw solute has considerable potential for use as a next-generation draw solute because of its excellent osmotic performance and efficient recovery. Therefore, this study provides inspiration for novel ideas regarding structural transformations of polymers and their applicability as draw solutes.

scholarly journals Investigating the performance of hydroponic nutrient solutions as potential draw solutions for fertilizer drawn forward osmosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Bassiouny ◽  
Peter Nasr ◽  
Hani Sewilam
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Solute Flux ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Abstract This research project aims at investigating the performance of hydroponic nutrient solutions as draw solutions for desalination using the fertilizer drawn forward osmosis (FDFO) process. Six different lettuce and leafy greens hydroponic nutrient stock solutions were prepared according to the literature and used in this study and tested on a bench-scale forward osmosis unit as draw solutions for the process. The feed solution for the process was De-Ionized water mixed with NaCl in different concentrations, to represent different salinities of brackish groundwater. The draw efficiency of each solution was measured based on water flux, specific reverse solute flux, water recovery, and salt rejection. It was concluded that of the six tested nutrient solutions, the “Resh Florida, California” solution is the recommended solution to be used as draw solution for fertilizer drawn forward osmosis, due to its high performance in terms of water recovery (15.75%), flux (11 l/m2/h), salt rejection (92%) and SRSF (highest recorded SRSF for a specific ion (SO4 2−) was 7.3 g/l), as well as its low cost, relative to the other highly performing draw solution “Chekli” ($1.07/l vs. $3.73/l).

scholarly journals Forward Osmosis: Temperature Effects By Using Pome as Feed Solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanizah Arifin ◽  
Thomas S.Y. Choong ◽  
Chan Kam Rong ◽  
Fakhru'l Al-Razi Ahmadun ◽  
Luqman Chuah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Cross Flow Velocity ◽  
Higher Temperature

Forward osmosis (FO) has recently been considered as one of the promising technologies for low energy applications. Factors that influence FO performance are draw solution, types of membrane, membrane orientation, cross flow velocity, module configuration and temperature effect. In this study, the influence of temperature on the performance of FO process has been studied in terms of water flux by using raw POME as feed solution. A higher temperature creates a higher water fluxes at various draw solution concentrations. Percentages of water flux increments for raw POME are between 7% to 9% from 25ºC to 35ºC and 32% to 75% from 25ºC to 45ºC.

scholarly journals Evaluation of polyvinylpyrrolidone as draw solute for desalination forward osmosis systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Trung Nguyen ◽  
Minh Tao Hoang ◽  
Tuan Hung Trinh ◽  
Ngoc Tung Nguyen ◽  
Truong Giang Le
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solute Flux ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Material Cost ◽  
Solution Parameters

Abstract In this study, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was evaluated as a potential draw solute for desalination forward osmosis (FO) systems. The effect of various draw solute and draw solution parameters on the efficiency of FO operation was investigated, including PVP molecular weight, PVP concentration in solution, and the salinity of feed solution. Experiment results showed that at draw solution initial concentration of 200 g/L and feed solution initial salinity up to 15 g/L, the PVP-based draw solution can offer water flux up to 14.23 LMH in FO mode with raw material cost only at 0.61 USD/m3. PVP K17 was proven to be an effective draw solute for FO systems, providing good water flux and low reverse draw solute flux; while also being relatively non-toxic, non-corrosive, cheap and widely available compared to other types of novel draw solutes.

scholarly journals Enrichment of lithium from salt lake brine by forward osmosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 180965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinli Li ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Youjing Zhao ◽  
Hongjun Yang ◽  
Yuan Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Salt Lake ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Concentrating Solutions ◽  
Relationship Of

Forward osmosis (FO) is a concentration process based on the natural phenomena of osmosis. It is considered a breakthrough technology that can be potentially used for concentrating solutions and suspensions. The diluted nature of brine restricts the treatment technologies that can be applied. Then, brine concentration by FO could represent a new emerging technology enabling the application of a wider range of treatment alternatives. The performance of concentrated brine depending upon FO membranes was studied at normal temperature and pressure in this research. Cellulose triacetates on radio-frequency-weldable non-woven support (CTA-NW) and a thin-film composite with embedded polyester screen support (TFC-ES) were compared; and their orientations were considered. The brine was from Chaerhan Salt Lake after extracting potassium as the feed solution, NaCl solution or MgCl 2 solution as the draw solution. The results indicated that CTA-NW exhibited better concentration performance than TFC-ES, while the water fluxes of the two membranes were exactly the opposite. In the case of CTA-NW in active layer facing feed solution orientation with MgCl 2 as the draw solution, the concentration factor of Li + was nearly 3.0. Quantitative structure–activity relationship of FO membranes and concentration characteristics was correlated, based on results of SEM, FTIR and contact angles studies. The concentration performance could be mainly attributed to the porosity and the thickness of FO membranes; while the water flux was dependent on the hydrophily of FO membrane surface.

Enhancing Water Permeability with Super-hydrophilic Metal-Organic Frameworks and Hydrophobic Straight Pores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Habibollahzadeh ◽  
Juran Noh ◽  
Liang Feng ◽  
Hong-Cai Zhou ◽  
Ahmed Abdel-Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
High Water ◽  
Metal Organic

High water flux and salt selectivity have been the most demanding goals for osmosis-based membranes. Osmotic pressure differences across membranes are particularly important in emerging forward osmosis and pressure retarded...

scholarly journals Application of forward osmosis in reusing the brackish concentrate produced in reverse osmosis plants with secondary treated wastewater as feed solution: a case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Wang ◽  
M. Esparra ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
Y. F. Xie
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Pump Energy ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Flux Decline

This study evaluated the feasibility of forward osmosis (FO) in diluting and reusing the concentrate produced in a reverse osmosis (RO) plant in James City County, VA. Secondary treated wastewater (STW) was used as the feed solution. Findings indicated that pH had slight effects on the water flux of the FO membrane. As the concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) in the concentrate was diluted from 12.5 to 1.0 g/L or the temperature in the STW decreased from 23 to 10 °C, the membrane flux decreased from 2.2 to 0.59 and 0.81 L/(m2 h), respectively. The FO membrane showed a good performance in the rejection of organic pollutants, with only a small part of the protein-like substances and disinfection byproducts permeating to the diluted concentrate. During an 89-hour continuous operation, water flux decline due to membrane fouling was not observed. Controlling the TDS in the second-stage FO effluent at 1.5 g/L, approximately 8.3% of the pump energy input could be saved. The consumption of groundwater was reduced from 22.7 × 103 to 10.6 × 103 m3/d. FO was proved to be an effective method in both diluting the discharged concentrate and reducing the energy consumption of RO.

Succinate Functionalization of Hyperbranched Polyglycerol-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Draw Solute During Forward Osmosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 8279-8284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Man Yang ◽  
Hye Min Choi ◽  
Sung-Chan Jang ◽  
Myeong Jin Han ◽  
Bum-Kyoung Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Solute Leakage ◽  
One Step ◽  
Hyperbranched Polyglycerol ◽  
The One

Hyperbranched polyglycerol-coated magnetic nanoparticles (SHPG-MNPs) were functionalized with succinate groups to form a draw solute for use in a forward osmosis (FO). After the one-step synthesis of hyperbranched polyglycerol-coated magnetic nanoparticles (HPG-MNPs), the polyglycerol groups on the surfaces of the HPG-MNPs were functionalized with succinic anhydride moieties. The resulting SHPG-MNPs showed no change of size and magnetic property compared with HPGMNPs and displayed excellent dispersibility in water up to the concentration of 400 g/L. SHPG-MNPs solution showed higher osmotic pressure than that of HPG-MNPs solution due to the presence of surface carboxyl groups in SHPG-MNPs and could draw water from a feed solution across an FO membrane without any reverse draw solute leakage during FO process. Moreover, the water flux remained nearly constant over several SHPG-MNP darw solute regeneration cycles applied to the ultrafiltration (UF) process. The SHPG-MNPs demonstrate strong potential for use as a draw solute in FO processes.

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