Micro–nanobubble technology and water-related application

Abstract Currently, there is a growing demand for water treatment technologies considering global environmental challenges such as degradation and depletion of water resources. Micro- and nanobubble (MNB) technology and its application for wastewater treatment has emerged as a problem-solving alternative for such challenges. This paper reviews the important studies on water treatment in the areas of MNBs and discusses their fundamental properties, such as bubble stability (as tiny entities in water solutions), generation methods, and various chemical and physical features. The paper further overviews the current status of MNB application in water treatment processes such as flotation, aeration, and disinfection and its uses in various sectors, including agriculture, aquaculture, medical, and industry. Based on this review, studies regarding MNBs' basic properties, generation, and application are identified and recognized for future research. This study concludes that despite the promising role of MNBs in water-related application, the current status of research has not reached its true potential. Specifically, there is a need to enhance MNB application at a broader scale.

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Political Consumerism for Sustainable Tourism

The Oxford Handbook of Political Consumerism ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190629038.013.17 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 348-366

Author(s):

Machiel Lamers ◽

Jeroen Nawijn ◽

Eke Eijgelaar

Keyword(s):

Nature Conservation ◽

Environmental Change ◽

Social Theory ◽

Environmental Effects ◽

Sustainable Tourism ◽

Global Environmental Change ◽

Future Research ◽

Political Consumerism ◽

Global Environmental

Over the last decades a substantial and growing societal and academic interest has emerged for the development of sustainable tourism. Scholars have highlighted the contribution of tourism to global environmental change and to local, detrimental social and environmental effects as well as to ways in which tourism contributes to nature conservation. Nevertheless the role of tourist consumers in driving sustainable tourism has remained unconvincing and inconsistent. This chapter reviews the constraints and opportunities of political consumerism for sustainable tourism. The discussion covers stronger pockets and a key weak pocket of political consumerism for sustainable tourism and also highlights inconsistencies in sustainable tourism consumption by drawing on a range of social theory arguments and possible solutions. The chapter concludes with an agenda for future research on this topic.

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Membrane condenser as emerging technology for water recovery and gas pre-treatment: current status and perspectives

BMC Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1186/s42480-019-0020-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adele Brunetti ◽

Francesca Macedonio ◽

Giuseppe Barbieri ◽

Enrico Drioli

Keyword(s):

Current Status ◽

Innovative Technology ◽

Water Recovery ◽

Treatment Unit ◽

Treatment Stage ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

And Control

Abstract The recent roadmap of SPIRE initiative includes the development of “new separation, extraction and pre-treatment technologies” as one of the “key actions” for boosting sustainability, enhancing the availability and quality of existing resources. Membrane condenser is an innovative technology that was recently investigated for the recovery of water vapor for waste gaseous streams, such as flue gas, biogas, cooling tower plumes, etc. Recently, it has been also proposed as pre-treatment unit for the reduction and control of contaminants in waste gaseous streams (SOx and NOx, VOCs, H2S, NH3, siloxanes, halides, particulates, organic pollutants). This perspective article reports recent progresses in the applications of the membrane condenser in the treatment of various gaseous streams for water recovery and contaminant control. After an overview of the operating principle, the membranes used, and the main results achieved, the work also proposes the role of this technology as pre-treatment stage to other separation technologies. The potentialities of the technology are also discussed aspiring to pave the way towards the development of an innovative technology where membrane condenser can cover a key role in redesigning the whole upgrading process.

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Methods, Protocols, Guidance and Standards for Performance Evaluation for Point-of-Use Water Treatment Technologies: History, Current Status, Future Needs and Directions

Water ◽

10.3390/w13081094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1094

Author(s):

Emily S. Bailey ◽

Nikki Beetsch ◽

Douglas A. Wait ◽

Hemali H. Oza ◽

Nirmala Ronnie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Enteric Bacteria ◽

Current Status ◽

Household Water Treatment ◽

Produce Water ◽

Point Of Use ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Injury And Repair ◽

Testing Protocols

It is estimated that 780 million people do not have access to improved drinking water sources and approximately 2 billion people use fecally contaminated drinking water. Effective point-of-use water treatment systems (POU) can provide water with sufficiently reduced concentrations of pathogenic enteric microorganisms to not pose significant health risks to consumers. Household water treatment (HWT) systems utilize various technologies that physically remove and/or inactivate pathogens. A limited number of governmental and other institutional entities have developed testing protocols to evaluate the performance of POU water treatment systems. Such testing protocols are essential to documenting effective performance because inferior and ineffective POU treatment technologies are thought to be in widespread use. This critical review examines specific practices, procedures and specification of widely available POU system evaluation protocols. Testing protocols should provide standardized and detailed instructions yet be sufficiently flexible to deal with different treatment technologies, test microbe priorities and choices, testing facility capabilities and public health needs. Appropriate infectivity or culture assays should be used to quantify test enteric bacteria, viruses and protozoan parasites, or other appropriate surrogates or substitutes for them, although processes based on physical removal can be tested by methods that detect microbes as particles. Recommendations include further research of stock microbe production and handling methods to consistently yield test microbes in a realistic state of aggregation and, in the case of bacteria, appropriately physiologically stressed. Bacterial quantification methods should address the phenomenon of bacterial injury and repair in order to maximally recover those that are culturable and potentially infectious. It is only with harmonized national and international testing protocols and performance targets that independent and unbiased testing can be done to assure consumers that POU treatment technologies are able to produce water of high microbial quality and low health risk.

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Nanotechnology for Filtration-Based Point-of-Use Water Treatment

Applying Nanotechnology for Environmental Sustainability - Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0585-3.ch002 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 27-49

Author(s):

Kathryn Gwenyth Nunnelley ◽

James A Smith

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Home Treatment ◽

New Method ◽

Future Research ◽

Point Of Use ◽

New Development ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Infrastructure Investments ◽

Filter Papers ◽

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

With significant infrastructure investments required for centralized water treatment, in home treatment technologies, known as point-of-use, have become a popular solution in the developing world. This review discusses current filtration-based point-of-use water treatment technologies in three major categories: ceramics, papers and textiles. Each of these categories has used silver for added antimicrobial effectiveness. Ceramics have had the most development and market infiltration, while filter papers are a new development. Textiles show promise for future research as a cheap, socially acceptable, and effective method. Also, a new method of silver incorporation in ceramics is explored.

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Recent Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment with Emphasis in Membrane Treatment Operations

Water ◽

10.3390/w11010045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anastasios Zouboulis ◽

Ioannis Katsoyiannis

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Reuse ◽

Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽

Fouling Control ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Research Findings ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

Membrane Treatment

The present Special Issue brought together recent research findings from renowned scientists in this field and assembled contributions on advanced technologies that have been applied to the treatment of wastewater and drinking water, with an emphasis on novel membrane treatment technologies. The 12 research contributions highlight various processes and technologies that can achieve the effective treatment and purification of wastewater and drinking water, aiming (occasionally) for water reuse. The published papers can be classified into three major categories. (a) First, there are those that investigate the application of membrane treatment processes, either directly or in hybrid processes. The role of organic matter presence and fouling control is the main aim of the research in some of these studies. (b) Second, there are studies that investigate the application of adsorptive processes for the removal of contaminants from waters, such as arsenic, antimony, or chromate, with the aim of the efficient removal of the toxic contaminants from water or wastewater. (c) Lastly, there are studies that include novel aspects of oxidative treatment such as bubbleless ozonation.

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HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: The Relationship of HIV Infection with Physical and Social Comorbidities

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/641913 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Ellen M. Tedaldi ◽

Nancy L. Minniti ◽

Tracy Fischer

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Research Priorities ◽

Neurocognitive Disorders ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Diagnostic Strategies ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The prevalence of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) will undoubtedly increase with the improved longevity of HIV-infected persons. HIV infection, itself, as well as multiple physiologic and psychosocial factors can contribute to cognitive impairment and neurologic complications. These comorbidities confound the diagnosis, assessment, and interventions for neurocognitive disorders. In this review, we discuss the role of several key comorbid factors that may contribute significantly to the development and progression of HIV-related neurocognitive impairment, as well as the current status of diagnostic strategies aimed at identifying HIV-infected individuals with impaired cognition and future research priorities and challenges.

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Role of Oxidation in the Removal of Endocrine Disruptors and Pharmaceuticals during Water Treatment Processes

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007 ◽

10.1061/40927(243)142 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Shane Snyder ◽

Eric Wert

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Endocrine Disruptors ◽

Treatment Processes

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Recent advances, influencing factors, and future research prospects using photocatalytic process for produced water treatment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2021.641 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kingsley Tamunokuro Amakiri ◽

Athanasios Angelis-Dimakis ◽

Anyela Ramirez Canon

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Environmental Remediation ◽

Produced Water ◽

Future Research ◽

Quality Level ◽

Adequate Treatment ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Produced Water Treatment ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Oilfield Produced Water

Abstract Oilfield-produced water is the primary by-product generated during oil and gas extraction operations. Oilfield-produced water is often severely toxic and poses substantial health, safety, and environmental issues; adequate treatment technologies must bring these streams to a quality level. Photocatalysis is a photochemical catalytic reaction that is a highly promising tool for environmental remediation due to its efficiency in mineralizing persistent and potentially toxic contaminants. However, there is limited understanding of its application to treating oilfield-produced water with a complex and highly variable water composition. This review article discusses the mechanisms and current state of heterogeneous photocatalytic systems for oilfield-produced water treatment, highlighting impediments to knowledge transfer, including the feasibility of practical applications and the identification of essential research requirements. Additionally, the effects of significant variables such as catalyst quantity, pH, organic compound concentration, light intensity, and wavelength were discussed in detail. Some solutions are proposed for scientists and engineers interested in advancing the development of industrial-scale photocatalytic water treatment technologies.

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SIGNIFICANT ROLE OF AI & ML TECHNIQUES USED IN IMPROVEMENT OF CYBER SECURITY

BSSS Journal of Computer ◽

10.51767/jc1209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 80-89

Author(s):

Muskan Kumari ◽

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Cyber Security ◽

Cyber Attacks ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Engineering Managers ◽

Network Protection ◽

Machine Leaning ◽

Expert Community

Cyber Security has become an arising challenge for business information system in current era. AI (Artificial Intelligence) is broadly utilized in various field, however it is still generally new in cyber security. Nonetheless, the applications in network protection are significant for everybody`s day by day life. In this paper, we present the current status of AI in cyber security field, and afterward portray a few contextual investigations and uses of AI to help the community including engineering managers, teachers, educators, business people, and understudies to more readily comprehend this field, for example, the difficulties and uncertain issues of AI in online protection. According to the new challenges, the expert community has two main approaches: to adopt the philosophy and methods of Military Intelligence, and to use Artificial Intelligence methods for counteraction of Cyber Attacks. Cyber security is a vital danger for any business as the quantity of attacks is expanding. Developing of attacks on cyber security is undermining our reality. AI (Artificial Intelligence) and ML (Machine Leaning) can help identify dangers and give proposals to cyber Analyst. Advancement of appropriation of AI/ML applied to cyber security requires banding together of industry, the scholarly community, and government on a worldwide scale. We also discuss future research opportunities associated with the development of AI techniques in the cyber security ?eld across a scope of utilization areas.

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