Performance of an Integrated Ponding System Operated in Arid Zones

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1543-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Puskas ◽  
I. I. Esen ◽  
I. Banat ◽  
R. Al-Daher
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treated Effluent

This research project was aimed at developing a ponding system for municipal wastewater treatment adapted to arid regions. High-rate algal ponds preceded by facultative ponds create a combined biological system that can provide treated effluent suitable for landscape irrigation or, after being upgraded, for agricultural irrigation; the system can also provide algae for soil conditioning or animal feed. A pilot plant was designed and constructed to study the operation and performance of the system, an intensive experimental program was introduced with in-situ measurements of the daily pond conditions and laboratory analysis of the pond effluents to evaluate the system and determine the design parameters. The algal-bacterial ponding system performed satisfactorily providing treated effluent with less than 20 mg/l BOD, 130 mg/l COD, 40 mg/l total nitrogen and 25 mg/l NH3N. The average production of algal biomass was 250 kg/ha.d. Proper disinfection was achieved, indicated by average bacterial count of 5 N/ml total coliforms and 1000 N/ml total bacteria. The area's seasonal weather variations, dense wastewater and fluctuating organic and hydraulic load, did not adversely effect the system. The pilot operation proved the advantages and efficiency of the algal-bacterial pond system in arid regions.

Algal-Bacterial Ponding Systems for Municipal Wastewater Treatment in Arid Regions

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 341-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. I. Esen ◽  
K. Puskas ◽  
I. Banat ◽  
R. Al-Daher
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
A Site

A pilot plant was constructed to investigate the use of algal-bacterial systems to treat municipal wastewaters in arid regions. The pilot plant consists of sand and oil traps, weir tanks, two facultative ponds (250 m3 holding capacity each), two high-rate ponds (25 m3 holding capacity each), four sedimentation tanks, a sludge digestor, and such auxiliary facilities as a pumping station for wastewater supply, drainage systems, and a site laboratory. The main objectives of the study are to determine the design parameters needed for large-scale algal-bacterial ponds in hot climates and to determine the degree of treatment and disinfection attained in the system by operating the pilot plant. After the algae is separated from the treated water, the final effluent will be used for irrigation, and algae will be used as a soil conditioner. Investigations during start-up, test runs and experiments completed so far focused on the growth of algae and removal of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and suspended solids. During the 20-month experimental program, various operating patterns, including series operation of facultative and high-rate ponds, will be investigated. Results obtained so far indicate significant reductions in pollution concentrations.

Municipal wastewater treatment with pond–constructed wetland system: a case study

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Wang ◽  
X. Bai ◽  
J. Qiu ◽  
B. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Pond ◽  
System A ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Oxidation Ponds ◽  
Better Than

The performance of a pond–constructed wetland system in the treatment of municipal wastewater in Kiaochow city was studied; and comparison with oxidation ponds system was conducted. In the post-constructed wetland, the removal of COD, TN and TP is 24%, 58.5% and 24.8% respectively. The treated effluent from the constructed wetland can meet the Chinese National Agricultural and Irrigation Standard. The comparison between pond–constructed wetland system and oxidation pond system shows that total nitrogen removal in a constructed wetland is better than that in an oxidation pond and the TP removal is inferior. A possible reason is the low dissolved oxygen concentration in the wetland. Constructed wetlands can restrain the growth of algae effectively, and can produce obvious ecological and economical benefits.

Treatment of Rural Domestic Sewage by Solar Ozonic Ecological Sewage Treatment Plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3393-3399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Yan Ming Yang ◽  
Yun Long Li ◽  
Jian Qiu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Average Percentage

The process technique and design parameters of project of Solar Ozonic Ecological Sewage Treatment Plant (short for SOESTP) which consists of anaerobic reactor, horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetlands(CWs) and the combination of solar power and ozone disinfection are described, the paper further examines the removal efficiency for treating rural domestic sewage, running expense and recycling ability of product water. The results show that the average percentage removal values of CODcr，BOD5，SS，TN，NH3-N，TP range from 95.6% to 98.0%, 96.0% to 98.7%, 93.1% to 96.1%, 97.0% to 98.9%, 96.9% to 99.5%, 98.2% to 99.6%, respectively, the reduction of fecal coliform (FC) reaches 99.9%, the effluent quality meets the first level A criteria specified in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant（GB18918-2002）. The running cost of SOESTP is 0.063yuan/ m3, saves much more than traditional sewage treatment, and the ozone water obtained from the reservoir will be an ideal choice for disinfection .The system has characteristics of easy manipulation, low operating cost, achieving advanced water, energy conservation and environment protection, is thought to be very suitable for use as the promotion of rural small - scale sewage treatment.

PARAMETERS FOR DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF W ASTEW ATER TREATMENT PLANTS WITH HIGH-RATE AND LOW-RATE ACTIVATED SLUDGE TANKS

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Brands ◽  
M. Liebeskind ◽  
M. Dohmann
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Low Rate

This study shows a comparison of important parameters for dynamic simulation concerning the highrate and low-rate activated sludge tanks of several municipal wastewater treatment plants. The parameters for the dynamic simulation of the single-stage process are quite well known, but parameters for the high-ratellow-rate activated sludge process are still missi ng, although a considerable number of wastewater treatment plants are designed and operated that way. At present any attempt to simulate their operation is restricted to the second stage due to missing data concerning growth rate, decay rate, yield coefficient and others.

scholarly journals Investigating the effects of different cationic charge flocculation polymers on municipal wastewater sludge dewatering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Abrahams ◽  
Mujahid Aziz ◽  
Godwill Kasongo
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Polymer Flocculant

Abstract The minimization of sludge produced by municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs) is critical as its handling accounts for approximately 50% of the total operating cost. The challenges in predicting dewatering performance can be overcome by optimizing the sludge treatment process, especially conditioning and dewatering. This study aimed to investigate sludge dewaterability at four different MWWTPs, using a gravity drainage test unit and a bench-scale press. The effect of differently treated effluent used as a solvent to mix the flocculation polymers was observed during dewatering. The membrane bioreactor (MBR) treated effluent yielded the highest filtrate volume in the lowest amount of time, with the least polymer flocculant dosage. The Box Behnken Design model fitted the data and proved a relationship between polymer dosage, cake solids concentration, and cake height during the bench-scale press tests.

scholarly journals Integration of high-rate DAF technology within a municipal biofiltration plant for the treatment and thickening of backwash wastewaters

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 812-820
Author(s):  
Roche Clement ◽  
Manic Gildas ◽  
Lacroix Isabelle
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Design Integration ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Direct Discharge

Abstract Industrial full-scale application of high-rate dissolved air floatation (DAF) in the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of Grenoble (France) has highlighted outstanding performance results leading to new design-to-cost perspectives. The integration of DAF technology to treat the returns from the backwash waters of submerged biological aerated filters (BAF) (nitrification stage) has demonstrated removal efficiencies that allow further room for global process optimization. The results obtained on nitrifying BAF backwash water showed a DAF outlet water concentration of less than 25 mg.L−1 of total suspended solids at 25 m.h−1, with only polymer conditioning. Such high clarification performance allows leveraging of valuable cost optimization of global process design integration. Direct discharge from DAF's outlet into the receiving body can be implemented. Hydraulic and solid return loads can therefore be significantly reduced at the inlet of the WWTP. Moreover, floated sludge extracted from the DAF units achieved 4.4% dryness on average. The high thickening operational performance of this DAF technology is able to produce sludge directly compatible with anaerobic digestion. These full-scale results demonstrate that Suez's GreenDAF™-BWW technology in such application can leverage new rooms for design improvement for BAF treatment and total cost optimization of both the mainstream water treatment line and sludge line.

Strategies for the reduction of Legionella in biological treatment systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nogueira ◽  
K.-U. Utecht ◽  
M. Exner ◽  
W. Verstraete ◽  
K.-H. Rosenwinkel
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Wastewater Stream ◽  
Insight Into

A community-wide outbreak of Legionnaire's disease occurred in Warstein, Germany, in August 2013. The epidemic strain, Legionella pneumophila Serogruppe 1, was isolated from an industrial wastewater stream entering the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Wartein, the WWTP itself, the river Wäster and air/water samples from an industrial cooling system 3 km downstream of the WWTP. The present study investigated the effect of physical–chemical disinfection methods on the reduction of the concentration of Legionella in the biological treatment and in the treated effluent entering the river Wäster. Additionally, to gain insight into the factors that promote the growth of Legionella in biological systems, growth experiments were made with different substrates and temperatures. The dosage rates of silver micro-particles, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide and ozone and pH stress to the activated sludge were not able to decrease the number of culturable Legionella spp. in the effluent. Nevertheless, the UV treatment of secondary treated effluent reduced Legionella spp. on average by 1.6–3.4 log units. Laboratory-scale experiments and full-scale measurements suggested that the aerobic treatment of warm wastewater (30–35 °C) rich in organic nitrogen (protein) is a possible source of Legionella infection.

Nutrients Removal and Recovery in a Two-Stage High-Rate Algal Wastewater Treatment System

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Shelef ◽  
Y Azov ◽  
R Moraine
Keyword(s):  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Two Stages

Removal of wastewater borne nutrients by high rate algal ponds for the control of eutrophication in receiving bodies of water was studied under laboratory and outdoor conditions. Due to limitations of areal productivity and stoichiometry of nitrogen/algal bio-mass and phosphorus/algal biomass only less than 40 percent removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from strong municipal wastewater can be expected through biomass incorporation in one-stage high-rate algae ponds. Nitrogen removal of 74 percent can be attained by supplementary removal through ammonia atmospheric evolution from pond surface while phosphorus removal of 95 percent is attained following algae flocculation with alum. A second-stage pond following a “coarse” algae separation is needed to exert the full incorporation of nutrients into algal biomass. Effluent from the second stage, following “refined” algae separation, contain less than 4 mg/ℓ and less than 0.5 mg/ℓ of nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. The final second stage effluent sustained reduced further algae productivity even when resupplemented by N and P and only addition of other macro and micro nutrients triggered additional significant algae growth, indicating depletion of algae growth potential factors other than N and P by the preceding two stages. The possibility of recovering the removed nutrient in the form of biomass proteinaceous animal feed is also discussed.

Unexpected declines in stream phosphorus concentrations across southern Ontario

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanel M. Raney ◽  
M. Catherine Eimers
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Almost All

Long-term trends (1975–2010) in total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were evaluated at 113 stream stations across southern Ontario. Declines in TP were evident at the majority of sites (68%), including those both with (n = 49) and without (n = 64) upstream municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTP). Although declines in TP at stream stations downstream of MWWTPs may be attributed to improvements in P removal from treated effluent, declines at the remaining streams must be attributed to other causes. During the same time period, increases in chloride (Cl−) were observed at almost all (95%) of the 64 MWWTP-free stations. Over the past 35 years, urban land cover has increased at the expense of agricultural land area in Ontario, with the majority of these changes occurring in southern Ontario. The coincidence of declines in TP and increases in Cl− at the 64 MWWTP-free streams suggests that the two may be related, with P-rich agricultural fields being replaced with impervious surfaces and therefore increased road salt applications.

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