SO2 Emission Reduction through the use of the “Humid Oxidation Process”

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Jurgen Fink
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Volume Percent ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
H2so4 Concentration ◽  
Start Up

BAYER A.G. in Germany developed the “HUMID OXIDATION PROCESS” to reduce SO2 emissions which was first implanted industrially in their factory at Uerdingen in 1981. From that time the plant has operated successfully complying to German environmental law requirements. The unit to be installed in TIBRÁS consists of six reactors supplied with activated carbon beds which will remove the SO2 (0.11 volume percent) contained in the residual gases (150,000 cubic meters per hour) produced in three rotary calciner kilns. The SO2 reacts with water in the carbon pores forming diluted sulfuric acid. The activated carbon is fabricated from coke from peat. The “Weak Acid” of approximately 10 to 15 per-cent H2SO4 concentration is reused in the titanium dioxide pigment process. The project will be concluded by December 1993 and will start up in January 1994. The realization of this investment of approximately US$8,500,000 (eight and one half million dollars) will reduce TIBRÁS SO2 emissions by 50 (fifty) to 85 (eighty-five) per-cent in addition to eliminating two stacks.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign SO2 Emissions on Aerosol Direct Radiative Effects in South Korea

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Jung-Woo Yoo ◽  
Wonbae Jeon ◽  
Hwa Woon Lee ◽  
Jeonghyeok Mun ◽  
Soon-Hwan Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Radiative Effects ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Concentration Difference ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

This study examined the impact of foreign SO2 emission changes on the aerosol direct radiative effects (ADRE) in South Korea. Simulations that applied basic emissions (BASE) and simulations that applied reduced SO2 emissions from foreign sources (R_FSO2) were performed, respectively, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) two-way coupled model. In addition, the difference between the two experimental results was calculated (i.e., R_FSO2 minus BASE) to quantitatively identify the impact of foreign SO2 emission reduction. The reduction in foreign SO2 emissions caused a decrease in the concentration of SO2 flowing in from overseas to South Korea. As a result, a clear decrease in SO42− concentration was shown mainly in the southwest coast of South Korea. The difference in PM2.5 concentration in South Korea according to the foreign SO2 emission reduction did not correspond to the difference in SO42− concentration; it was determined in a complex way by the changes in SO42− concentration caused by SO2 concentration changes, and the subsequent series of changes in NO3− and NH4+ concentrations. The differences in SO42− and PM2.5 concentrations caused by the foreign SO2 reduction also affected the ADRE changes in South Korea. The distribution of ADRE difference between the two experiments was not consistent with the distribution of PM2.5 concentration difference, but it was very similar to the distribution of SO42− concentration difference. These results imply that the ADRE of South Korea is not simply proportional to PM2.5 concentration and may be determined by concentration changes of SO42−.

The use of particle monitoring in the performance optimisation of conventional clarification and filtration processes

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
G. Standen ◽  
P. J. Insole ◽  
K. J. Shek ◽  
R. A. Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Particle Distributions ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Start Up ◽  
On Line ◽  
Particulates Removal ◽  
Particle Monitoring

The application of laser diffraction particle monitoring to the performance optimisation of a pilot clarifier and full-scale rapid gravity filters (RGF), operating on water supply works in Hampshire, is described. Furthermore the dosing of powdered activated carbon (PAC) into the works' clarifiers has been evaluated in terms of RGF performance. A costly proposal to install a third filter medium was subsequently abandoned when it was found that particle numbers in the filtered water were consistently below 1×102/ml. Various combinations and doses of coagulants and flocculant aids, shown to give optimum particulates removal during intensive jar testing trials, were transferred to the pilot clarifier. Particle monitoring enabled a more accurate derivation of suitable blanket chemistry and optimum blanket heights than turbidity changes. Raw water turbidities were 10-15 NTU at start-up with corresponding counts beyond the upper limit of the particle monitor. An on-line dilution system was developed to overcome this problem. Latex bead (4.33 μm) and Lycopodium spore (4-5 μm) suspensions (about 1 × 109 particles) were injected into the pilot clarifier to assess the removal efficiency of Cryptosporidium-sized particles. Reductions of about 1.7 log and 2.6 log were achieved for the beads and spores, respectively. Particle distributions of various PAC's and a bentonite were obtained in order to assess their potential effects on the coagulation process during clarification. Bentonite was also beneficial as an on-line means of checking particle monitor response and calibration. The works' filters achieved 1.5 to 2.0 log removals of 2-5 μm particles without media addition or operational changes. Combined clarification and filtration gave better particulates removal than two-stage microfiltration.

Novel Method of Ultralow SO2 Emission for CFB Boilers: Combination of Limestone Injection and Activated Carbon Adsorption

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 11481-11488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Dong ◽  
Yuzhong Li ◽  
Liqiang Zhang ◽  
Lin Cui ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Novel Method

scholarly journals Updated SO<sub>2</sub> emission estimates over China using OMI/Aura observations

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1817-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elissavet Koukouli ◽  
Nicolas Theys ◽  
Jieying Ding ◽  
Irene Zyrichidou ◽  
Bas Mijling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Beijing Area ◽  
Entire Domain ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions

Abstract. The main aim of this paper is to update existing sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission inventories over China using modern inversion techniques, state-of-the-art chemistry transport modelling (CTM) and satellite observations of SO2. Within the framework of the EU Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) MarcoPolo (Monitoring and Assessment of Regional air quality in China using space Observations) project, a new SO2 emission inventory over China was calculated using the CHIMERE v2013b CTM simulations, 10 years of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)/Aura total SO2 columns and the pre-existing Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC v1.2). It is shown that including satellite observations in the calculations increases the current bottom-up MEIC inventory emissions for the entire domain studied (15–55° N, 102–132° E) from 26.30 to 32.60 Tg annum−1, with positive updates which are stronger in winter ( ∼  36 % increase). New source areas were identified in the southwest (25–35° N, 100–110° E) as well as in the northeast (40–50° N, 120–130° E) of the domain studied as high SO2 levels were observed by OMI, resulting in increased emissions in the a posteriori inventory that do not appear in the original MEIC v1.2 dataset. Comparisons with the independent Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research, EDGAR v4.3.1, show a satisfying agreement since the EDGAR 2010 bottom-up database provides 33.30 Tg annum−1 of SO2 emissions. When studying the entire OMI/Aura time period (2005 to 2015), it was shown that the SO2 emissions remain nearly constant before the year 2010, with a drift of −0.51 ± 0.38 Tg annum−1, and show a statistically significant decline after the year 2010 of −1.64 ± 0.37 Tg annum−1 for the entire domain. Similar findings were obtained when focusing on the greater Beijing area (30–40° N, 110–120° E) with pre-2010 drifts of −0.17 ± 0.14 and post-2010 drifts of −0.47 ± 0.12 Tg annum−1. The new SO2 emission inventory is publicly available and forms part of the official EU MarcoPolo emission inventory over China, which also includes updated NOx, volatile organic compounds and particulate matter emissions.

Can pollution charges reform promote industrial SO2 emissions reduction?—Evidence from 189 China’s cities

2020 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2091941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Gao ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Qiuyue Yang
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
The Real ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Real Effects ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

This paper evaluates the real effects of pollution charges reform on [Formula: see text] emissions at the city level. Using the establishment of Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction (The Plan) in China as a quasi-natural experiment, our difference-in-differences estimation shows that: (1) increasing pollution charges has a significant and positive effect on controlling industrial waste [Formula: see text], and this relationship is robust to different specifications and alternative measures; (2) [Formula: see text] emissions can be reduced to achieve reduction targets by forcing companies to strengthen the degree of process production controls and end-of-pipe treatment; (3) eastern and western cities have a better pollution control effect than the other regions, and large cities have better emission reduction effects than smaller cities. Overall, this paper sorts out the evolution of China’s pollution charge policy, and reveals the mechanisms behind the real effects of pollution charges reform on [Formula: see text] emissions, thus providing timely implications for policymakers concerned with environmental protection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document