Microbiology and chemical engineering-new possibilities for interdisciplinary cooperation in the development of small anaerobic wastewater treatment plants

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kozariszczuk ◽  
W. Wenzel ◽  
M. Kraume ◽  
U. Szewzyk
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Interdisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Microbiological Parameters

Anaerobic degradation of waste water in fixed bed reactors is investigated using molasses as an example of complex composed waste water. The results of differently sized rectors are shown to be transferable and can be used for the design of small waste water treatment plants. The assessment of the reactor performance is done not only by material balances but also by applying microbiological parameters. Modern microbiological methods enable the incorporation of biological parameters into reactor design and process control. The results of these measurements lead to a better understanding of the correlation between changing process parameters and the state of the microbial population. Thus new tools are available to maintain stable and save anaerobic processes.

Tertiary Nitrification Pilot Plants on Parisian Waste Water

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Paffoni ◽  
B. Védry ◽  
M. Gousailles
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Daily Output ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors

The Paris Metropolitan area, which contains over eight million inhabitants, has a daily output of about 3 M cu.meters of wastewater, the purification of which is achieved by SIAAP (Paris Metropolitan Area Sewage Service) in both Achères and Valenton plants. The carbon pollution is eliminated from over 2 M cu.m/day at Achères. In order to improve the quality of output water, its tertiary nitrification in fixed-bed reactors has been contemplated. The BIOFOR (Degremont) and BIOCARBONE (OTV) processes could be tested in semi-industrial pilot reactors at the CRITER research center of SIAAP. At a reference temperature of 13°C, the removed load is approximately 0.5 kg N NH4/m3.day. From a practical point of view, it may be asserted that in such operating conditions as should be at the Achères plant, one cubic meter of filter can handle the tertiary nitification of one cubic meter of purified water per hour at an effluent temperature of 13°C.

scholarly journals ENZYMATIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT

World Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancey Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Physico Chemical

Enzymes are biocatalysts provided by cells and are used in most metabolic methods. Most enzymes are consisting of proteins containing tertiary amino acid which bind to co enzyme or metal ions. Enzymes are accelerating biochemical processes by some mechanisms to chemical catalysts e.g metals, metal oxides and metal ions. Enzymes can be very effective under conditions e.g (temperature, atmospheric pressure and PH). Many enzymes have hydrolyzing, oxidizing and reducing characters. Enzymatic reactions always provide less side effects reactions and fewer waste by products. That is why microbial Enzymes can give an effective and environmental safe alternatives as metabolic inorganic chemical catalysts which can be used in all over pharmaceutical industrial processes. Enzymes are used in waste water treatment. Treatment technologies depend on physico-chemical approaches in wastewater treatment plants which require skills, high operation costs (in terms of high energy and chemical demand). Wastewater treatment is operated to protect the quality of limited freshwater resources, which are most times the final discharge points of effluents, and also, to promote the reusability of expended clean water; amounts of hazardous aromatic byproducts are still generated [3, 4]. The observation shows that wastewater treatment plants, though liable to remove microcontaminants such as heavy metals, and to a far lesser extent, aromatic contaminants, were originally structured for the removal of solid wastes, ecofriendly organic matter and eutrophication stimulants from wastewater, thereby reducing eutrophicating pollution loads; the micropollutants may only be moderately affected by the chemical, physical and biological interactions within the treatment plants.

scholarly journals Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik Menggunakan Kombinasi Settlement Tank dan Fixed-Bed Coloumn Up-Flow

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Khalimatus Sa’diyah ◽  
Muchamad Syarwani ◽  
S. Sigit Udjiana
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Sand Beds

Air limbah domestik yang memiliki kadar BOD, COD, TSS, Turbidity dan pH tinggi menjadi salah satu penyebab pencemaran air. Sehingga perlu adanya pengolahan lebih lanjut sebelum dibuang ke sungai atau badan air. Salah satu pengolahan air limbah yang bisa digunakan adalah kombinasi settlement tank dan fixed-bed coloumn up-flow. Alat ini dipilih karena harganya terjangkau, bahan mudah didapat dan peralatannya mudah dioperasikan. Tujuan utama penelitian ini untuk menurunkan kadar turbidity, TSS dan BOD. Penurunan parameter ini dipengaruhi oleh waktu settlement tank, waktu pengontakkan effluent dan tinggi unggun pasir. Hasil penelitian pada settlement tank secara aerob didapatkan persen penurunan turbidity, TSS dan BOD  yang tertinggi pada settlement tank 6 hari dengan nilai 48,21%; 75,27% dan 52,84 %. Pada alat fixed-bed coloumn up-flow secara kontinyu dengan waktu aerasi settlement tank 6 hari didapatkan persen penurunan turbidity yang tertinggi pada tinggi unggun pasir 20 cm sebesar 18,57%, sedangkan  persen penurunan TSS dan BOD yang paling tinggi pada tinggi unggun pasir 30 cm yaitu 41,46% dan 11,23%.Domestic waste water is one of the causes of water pollution. Domestic waste water has high levels of BOD, COD, TSS, Turbidity and pH. Therefore, it need futher processing so that the conditions is safe when discharged in river or lake. One of waste water treatment is combination of settlement tank and fixed-bed coloumn up-flow. This equipment is selected because the price is affordable, materials and equipment can be obtained, and easy to operate. The main purpose of this study is to decrease levels of turbidity, TSS and BOD. Decreased parameters are affected by time of seetlement tank, time of effluent contact and high of sand beds. Result of research on settelement tank aerob obtained highest percentage of turbidity, TSS and BOD decrease in 6 day settlement tank with value 48.21%, 75.27% and 52.84%. In a continuous fixed-bed coloumn up-flow with aeration time,  6-day in settlement tank, obtained the highest percentage of turbidity reduction at 20 cm sand bed height of 18.57%, while the highest percentage of TSS and BOD reduction in sand bed height was 30 cm is 41.46% and 11.23%.

Calcium Carbonate Precipitation in Anaerobic Waste Water Treatment

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1239-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Svardal
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors

Precipitation of calcium in anaerobic treatment can be a severe problem, especially for fixed bed reactors. In order to assess calcium precipitation quantitatively, an equilibrium model has been developed. It is based on concentrations in the influent (COD, TOC, TIC, alkalinity, Ca2+,TKN) conditions in the reactor (pH, temperature) and equilibrium constants. The model has been verified for different waste waters in pilot scale and full scale investigations.

Key tools to accelerate fulfilment of the EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive in the Flemish region of Belgium

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ockier ◽  
C. Thoeye ◽  
G. De Gueldre
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Investment Programme ◽  
Reuse Of Treated Wastewater ◽  
The Eu

The EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD) has been transposed in 1992. The whole area of the Flemish region was designated as a sensitive area. This implies nutrient removal for all works in agglomerations of more than 10,000 population equivalent (PE). Thanks to an accelerated investment programme, which is in a final phase now, the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) will fulfil treatment in 2005. Key tools for a quick and economic execution of the programme are standardisation for new WWTP's and increasing computerisation for retrofitting existing WWTPs. The UWWTD also stipulates the reuse of treated wastewater and sludge. Strategies are explained.

Adaptation of the simpletreat chemical fate model to single-sludge biological nutrient removal wastewater treatment plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Boeije ◽  
D. Schowanek ◽  
P. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Chemical Fate ◽  
Sludge Recycling ◽  
Recent Developments

Many recent developments in municipal waste water treatment technology are directed towards biological nutrient removal. Chemical fate models which are used to predict the behavior of individual chemicals in waste water treatment plants (WWTPs), have until now not incorporated this aspect. In this paper, two modifications to the steady-state non-equilibrium Simple Treat modeling concept are presented. These focus on an improved description of sludge recycling, and on the presence of different redox zones in the biological reactor (aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic). The updated models were applied to three different WWTP designs, and simulation results were compared to measured values for the surfactant LAS.

Characterization of Free and Bound PBDEs in Sewage Sludge from Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs) of Shanghai

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1993-1996
Author(s):  
Li Zao Liu ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Jing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Farmland Soils ◽  
Sludge Application

In this study, sewage sludge samples were collected from 25 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Shanghai, and free and bound PBDEs were extracted in different ways. The concentrations of free and bound PBDEs were in the range of 111.69 to 13119.59 ng/g dry weight (dw) and 4.30 to 60.17 ng/g dw, respectively. BDE209 were the dominate congener and the concentrations of free and bound BDE209 ranged from 89.64 to 12424.84 ng/g dw and 0.85 to 44.00 ng/g dw, respectively. The concentrations of bound PBDEs were quite stable, indicating bound PBDEs werent high related with the input of total PBDEs. The fractions of bound PBDE congeners increased with the numbers of Br atoms, which suggested that PBDE congeners with low molecular weights were more prone to desorb from micro-pores of organic matters in sewage sludge. The fractions of bound PBDEs in total PBDEs were in the range of 0.16 to 22.73%, suggesting bound PBDEs played an important role in farmland soils after sludge application.

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