Factors affecting colour removal from reactive dye bath by ozonation

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kabdaşlı ◽  
T. Ölmez ◽  
O. Tünay
Keyword(s):  
Initial Rate ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Synthetic Dye ◽  
Ozone Dose ◽  
Short Time

A reactive dye bath sample containing a mixture of dyes was ozonated and colour removal was obtained in a relatively short time of 30 min at 605 mgl-1 of ozone utilisation. The factors affecting ozonation were assessed by comparing the results of dye bath and synthetic samples. Results from dye bath and synthetic dye solution ozonation were found to be significantly different. NaCl and Na2CO3 were determined to have a slight effect only on the initial rate of ozonation. However, the effect of the chelating agent in terms of both time and ozone dose was significant and explained the differences between the results of the dye bath and dye solution ozonation.

Fly Ash for Colour Removal from Synthetic Dye Solutions

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Viraraghavan ◽  
K.R. Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
First Order ◽  
Synthetic Dye ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Acid Blue ◽  
Dye Solutions

Abstract Fly ash was investigated for its ability to adsorb dyes from aqueous solutions. Batch pH, kinetic and isotherm studies were performed on a laboratory scale with synthetic dye solutions made up of four different commercial grade dyes. Fly ash samples with differing compositions and particle sizes were employed to understand the effect of fly ash composition and particle size on their dye removal capacity. The first-order rate equation by Lagergren was tested on the kinetic data, and isotherm data was analyzed for possible agreement with the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm equations. The removal capacity of fly ash for the different dyes was compared with that of granular activated carbon under identical conditions. Results showed that fly ash exhibited reasonably good dye removals for Basic Blue 9, Acid Blue 29 and Acid Red 91, while the removals by fly ash exceeded that of granular activated carbon for Disperse Red 1. Lime content in fly ash seemed to influence dye adsorption to a significant degree — better adsorption was observed at lower particle sizes because of the increased external surface area available for adsorption. Acid Blue 29 adsorption by fly ash provided the best fit for the Lagergren first-order plot. Because high pH and heavy metals (leached from fly ash) in the treated wastewater may exceed the limits set in municipal sewer-use bylaws, engineering and economic feasibility assessment should include these aspects when considering fly ash for colour removal.

scholarly journals Improving the economic efficiency of oil productionat the “Gazpromneft-Khantos” fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Rustam N. Asmandiyarov ◽  
Stanislav Yu. Barkalov ◽  
Rail R. Galeev ◽  
Rustam R. Gumerov ◽  
Yuri A. Katkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Technical And Economic Analysis ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Functional Teams ◽  
Short Time

Aim. As part of a large-scale business transformation, Gazprom Neft is implementing new approaches to improving economic efficiency. One of such approaches is the launch of the “Renovation” project program, the purpose of which is to achieve maximum profitability of the basic well stock. The article describes the results of the study and formation of a set of measures to improve the economic efficiency of oil production at the fields of Gazpromneft-Khantos. Materials and methods. The key feature of “Renovation” is that the goal setting and the formation of key performance indicators of project teams are made not from the previously achieved result, but from the potential. To do this, a detailed technical and economic analysis of the factors affecting the profitability of oil production is first carried out, and the potential for increasing profitability is determined. After that, hypotheses are worked out to increase the economic efficiency of production and a set of measures is formed to realize the identified potential. The cross-functional teams of the “Renovation” program projects are formed around the core-team that includes specialists in geology, development, production, engineering, energy management, economics and IT. This allows teams to solve non-standard tasks in a short time, in a complex way, without attracting external leverage, which is an absolute competitive advantage. Results. The program of optimization measures developed by the cross-functional team of the Renovation project will provide the potential for the growth of the profitability of Gazpromneft-Khantos in the period from 2021 to 2030. Conclusions. The article presents the developed and implemented cases on reducing operating costs in various areas — geology and reservoir engineering, energy efficiency, oil production technologies, downhole operations and hydraulic fracturing, oilfield chemistry.

FEATURES OF HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT IN THE ERA OF DIGITALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Yu. V. NIKITOCHKINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Generational Cohorts ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Human Capital Management ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Management Issues

In this article, human capital is considered as a set of processes of interaction of local groups of workers in the course of production activities. The study of human capital management issues in relation to the practice of Russian business is of particular interest due to the transition to the digital economy, demographic changes and structural changes in the labor market. The purpose of this article is to determine the features of human capital management, taking into account generational cohorts in the light of new economic trends. The re-search is exploratory and is aimed at studying the practice of human capital management, which includes the processes of formation, retention and development of different generational cohorts. Based on a comparative analysis of major international and domestic scientific research, various factors affecting the process of at-tracting, retaining and developing employees of different generations are identified in the work. The results of this study will allow managers to implement an effective policy of managing the corporation's human capital and in a short time create a favorable environment for the development of employees and the enterprise as a whole with minimal financial costs.

Factors Affecting the Structure of Song and the Singing Behaviour of Some Northern European Passerine Birds

Behaviour ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 98 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 286-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorma Sorjonen
Keyword(s):  
Northern Europe ◽  
Passerine Birds ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Size Limitation ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Forest Habitats

AbstractIn this study the effects of bird size, genus, habitat, song community and geographical distribution on song structure and singing behaviour of some passcrine species in northern Europe were simultaneously studied. Most species tend to improve their long distance song propagation in their specific habitat and song community. Song propagation correlates strongest with the use of low-pitched elements but not all birds are able to use these because of size limitation. In forest habitats whistles and modulated elements were used to improve song propagation. In open habitats high-pitched elements as well as repeated and trilled syllables were often used for better propagation of acoustic information. In song communities with a great number of species, the birds reduce song interference by other singers, by singing short songs and using modulated elements and long intersong pauses. When the birds greatly profit from effective long distance song propagation, like in northern areas with only short time for pair formation, the birds can segregate in singing time by using the light nights for singing. In these communities with low numbers of species the birds have been freed from song interference and have long songs and short intersong pauses and they can increase in this way their singing rate. The effect of song community on song length, intersong pause and the use of modulated elements in the song is stronger than that of habitat. The effect of the song community increases towards the north.

Factors affecting the initial rate of lipoxygenase catalysis

1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 922-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max O. Funk ◽  
Steve H-S. Kim ◽  
Alfred W. Alteneder
Keyword(s):  
Initial Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting

Death of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in soil

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 788-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Zechman ◽  
L. E. Casida Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Resistant Form ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Short Time

When incubated in natural (nonsterilized) soil, Pseudomonas aeruginosa died initially at a rate which approximated the rate for starvation of a pure culture in buffer. Predation by other soil microbes or phage did not appear to be involved, and pycocyanin either was not produced or was ineffective. The initial rate of death was followed by a second, considerably slower rate. Cells initially added in low numbers to soil also underwent biphasic death as above. Slow drying of the soil caused a period of rapid death of P. aeruginosa, but this then slowed to give residual numbers and a death rate similar to the second death rate noted for soil not allowed to dry. The cells in the dry soil had not changed genetically to a desiccation-resistant form. Pseudomonas aeruginosa died out completely in a relatively short time when the soil was first quickly dried to a water content similar to that obtained initially through slow drying and then further allowed to dry slowly. These observations appear to point to a dormant form, in some ways resembling a cyst, for P. aeruginosa in soil.

scholarly journals Autoimmune Uveitis. Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
A. N. Plekhanov ◽  
A. S. Fomina ◽  
O. P. Sverkunova ◽  
J. V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Autoimmune Uveitis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
Short Time

For many years in ophthalmology there is a complex intractable problem associated with inflammation of the vascular membrane of the eye, the so-called uveitis. Experts around the world are trying to understand this heterogeneous pathology of the visual organ, in a short time, which can lead to a sharp decrease in visual acuity, the development of severe complications and further disability. The number of patients with inflammation of the vascular tract is growing rapidly every year, the age is younger. The clinical picture of this pathology has changed slightly. Often began to manifest itself in two radically different directions. It proceeds as a sluggish form or vice versa manifests itself more aggressively with the rapid development of clinical manifestations in a short time. Currently, there is evidence of endogenous causes of uveitis.The article provides a review of the literature summarizing modern views on the problem of autoimmune uveitis. New factors affecting the etiology, pathogenesis of the disease, some aspects of therapy are considered. In addition, the main experimental models of autoimmune diseases of the vascular tract of the eye are analyzed.

ANALISIS TINGKAT PENGARUH ELEVATOR SPEECH-OFFICIAL MOVIE TRAILER DAN BRAND AWARENESS RUMAH PRODUKSI (PH) TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MOVIEGOERS (STUDI KASUS : FILM MAN OF STEEL – WARNER BROS PICTURES DAN IRON MAN 3 – WALT DISNEY STUDIO MOTION PICTURES

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Christian ◽  
Howard Sarmento Giam ◽  
Amelia Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Motion Pictures ◽  
Brand Awareness ◽  
Entertainment Industry ◽  
Sound Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Walt Disney ◽  
Production House ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Short Times

<p>For almost all sales men, the strategy of time becomes the main key of selling effectiveness. Having appointment in a product’s presentation is oftenly measured by a very short times to deliver. In many cases, delivering the detail of products must be done at a sudden spot and extremely short time where he/she does not imagine before. This needs skill of designing the points of products and how to execute well in order to get the best memorable experience. Entertainment industry especially movie has a very unique on its competition. The development of technology totally delivers big change on how to produce a good film. In recent years, the capability of actor or actress is not the main consideration. We can find many brilliant of them have contributed playing the script however it’s not in line with the moviegers’ responses or the revenue itself. The interest of moviegoers on film sometimes can be seen by various factors. Sound effect, animation technology, pictures editing, original soundtrack, trailers, towards to the name of production house, are numbers of x-factors affecting the moviegoers.</p><p>This paper intends to describe how the elevator speech-official movie trailer affects the moviegoers. Further this paper also intends to describe how the big production house affects the moviegoers. The analysis is measured by the regression which comes from one hundred respondent involved. The instrument used to collect data is by questionnaire. Most of respondents have the same response that almost all of the indicators have big effects for them.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords- Elevator Speech, Brand Awareness, Buying Decision</p>

Efficiency of the Coagulation-Flocculation Method for the Treatment of Dye Mixtures Containing Disperse and Reactive Dye

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Wen Wong ◽  
Tjoon Tow Teng ◽  
Nik Abdul Rahman Nik Norulaini
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract The coagulation-flocculation method was used to treat aqueous solutions containing varying ratios of commercial disperse and reactive dyes. The effectiveness of this method was assessed using such coagulants as alum, polyaluminium chloride (PACl) and MgCl2, and an anionic coagulant aid. The jar test method was used to measure the effects of pH and coagulant type and dosage on colour removal and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction. The effect of coagulant aid on floc settling time was also measured. The results showed that the coagulant dosage needed to achieve optimum colour removal and COD reduction increased as the percentage of reactive dye in the mixture increased. Alum and PACl performed effectively in a lower pH range (pH 3.8 to 5.2), whereas MgCl2 performed effectively in a higher pH range (pH 10.4 to 10.9). PACl was more effective than MgCl2 and alum, achieving &gt;99% colour removal and 96.3% COD reduction using a smaller quantity of the coagulant. The addition of coagulant aid improved floc settling time. These results show that PACl is more effective than MgCl2 and alum in removing both colour and COD in the treatment of the industrial textile wastewater samples.

Calcined Ni—Al layered double hydroxide as a catalyst for total oxidation of volatile organic compounds: Effect of precursor crystallinity

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Mikulová ◽  
P. Čuba ◽  
J. Balabánová ◽  
T. Rojka ◽  
F. Kovanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Layered Double Hydroxide ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Total Oxidation ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Double Hydroxide ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Oxidation Of Ethanol

AbstractThe effect of hydrothermal treatment on properties (crystallinity, porous structure, reducibility, acidity, basicity, and catalytic activity and selectivity in toluene and ethanol total oxidation) of Ni—Al layered double hydroxide precursors and related mixed oxides was examined. The hydrothermal treatment increased considerably both the content of crystalline phase and LDH crystallite size. On the other hand, only a slight effect of the precursor hydrothermal treatment on crystallinity of the related Ni—Al mixed oxides obtained by calcination at 450°C was observed. The reducibility of NiO particles appeared to be hindered considerably compared to the reducibility of pure NiO. Catalytic activity of the Ni—Al mixed oxides prepared from the precursors hydrothermally treated for a short time (4 h) was the highest. The highest amount of acetaldehyde formed during the total oxidation of ethanol, i.e. the worst selectivity was found for the calcined Ni—Al LDH without hydrothermal treatment.

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