Utilisation of energy from digester gas and sludge incineration at Hamburg's Köhlbrandhöft WWTP

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
R.D. Thierbach ◽  
H. Hanssen
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
External Heat ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Sludge Incineration ◽  
Sludge Drying

At Hamburg's Köhlbrandhöft WWTP the demand for external energy supply is minimised by state of the art sludge treatment. The sludge is subjected to thickening, anaerobic digestion, dewatering, drying and incineration. The digester gas is used in a combined gas and steam turbine process. The sludge incineration also produces steam, which is also used in the steam turbine that follows the gas turbine. The turbines produce electricity, partially expanded steam is used for the sludge drying process. Heat from the condensation of vapours from sludge drying is used to heat the anaerobic digesters. The overall process requires no external heat or fuel and produces 60% of the WWTP's electricity demand.

Analysis of Sewage Sludge Treatment Process Using Taguchi Method

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Hwang ◽  
Woo-Jung Kang
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Process Operation ◽  
Sewage Sludge Treatment ◽  
Sludge Drying

This paper presents the experimental analysis of sewage sludge drying process using Taguchi method to know the characteristics and optimize drying process parameters. There have been attempt to perform the sewage sludge disposal such as simple reclaiming, dumping in the sea, incineration. Currently, these methods are restricted by national or international government regulations. The drying process is adopted as effective method for sewage sludge treatment, however sewage sludge makes difficult to treat with large volume at the real drying process plant because of its own complicated physical, chemical, and thermal properties. To treat the sewage sludge in view of environmental friendly and cost effective way, it is necessary to control the volume and weight of sewage sludge. It is not only reduces the delivery expenses and improve the re-usability, but also prevents several shift environmental pollution from nocuous sewage sludge. In this study, sewage sludge drying process parameter was modeled and evaluated with Taguchi method. From these research results the process parameters can be optimized to satisfy the desired qualities of particle diameter and moisture content of dried sewage sludge, and also provided to achieve the economic process operation.

scholarly journals Study on the emission characteristics and mechanism of sulfur-containing gas during sludge pyrolysis at low temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Shang ◽  
Haihong Fan ◽  
Binbin Li ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Zhou Li
Keyword(s):  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Sludge Drying ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Addition Amount ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The effects of temperature, time, and calcium-based ultrafine powder on sulfur-containing gas in the sludge drying process were examined through experiments, and effective measures to control the release of sulfur-containing gases such as CS2, H2S, and SO2 were proposed. Experimental results showed that the drying temperature of sludge should be controlled below 250°C, and the drying duration should be kept within 1 min. Additionally, the release amount of three gases released was small. When the addition amount of calcium-based powder added reached 20% of the original sludge mass fraction, the concentration of sulfur-containing gas released was 59.81 mg/m3, 94% lower than that of the dry pure sludge gas. After absorption by calcium-based powder, there are almost no sulfur-containing organic compounds and sulfur-containing gases. The research results provide a direction for the selection of pyrolysis sludge treatment technology, which is conducive to control the discharge of harmful gases.

scholarly journals Rapid synchronized fabrication of vascularized thermosets and composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayank Garg ◽  
Jia En Aw ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Polette J. Centellas ◽  
Leon M. Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Capillary Flow ◽  
External Heat ◽  
Frontal Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Vascular Networks ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Imaging Phantoms ◽  
Vascular Structures

AbstractBioinspired vascular networks transport heat and mass in hydrogels, microfluidic devices, self-healing and self-cooling structures, filters, and flow batteries. Lengthy, multistep fabrication processes involving solvents, external heat, and vacuum hinder large-scale application of vascular networks in structural materials. Here, we report the rapid (seconds to minutes), scalable, and synchronized fabrication of vascular thermosets and fiber-reinforced composites under ambient conditions. The exothermic frontal polymerization (FP) of a liquid or gelled resin facilitates coordinated depolymerization of an embedded sacrificial template to create host structures with high-fidelity interconnected microchannels. The chemical energy released during matrix polymerization eliminates the need for a sustained external heat source and greatly reduces external energy consumption for processing. Programming the rate of depolymerization of the sacrificial thermoplastic to match the kinetics of FP has the potential to significantly expedite the fabrication of vascular structures with extended lifetimes, microreactors, and imaging phantoms for understanding capillary flow in biological systems.

Sir Charles Parsons and Electrical Power Generation—a Turbine Designer's Perspective

1994 ◽  
Vol 208 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Bolter
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electrical Power Generation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World

Sir Charles Parsons died some three years after the author was born. In this paper the author looks back at the pioneering work of Parsons in the field of power generation. It shows how he was able to increase output of the steam turbine generator from 7.5 kW in 1884 to 50000 kW in 1930 while increasing efficiency from 1.6 to 36 per cent, and relates these achievements to the current state of the art. Blading design, rotor construction and other aspects of turbine engineering are considered. The conclusion is that Parsons and his associates charted the course which manufacturers and utilities throughout the world have continued to follow, although increasingly sophisticated design and analytical methods have succeeded the intuitive approach of Parsons. His constant search for improved efficiency was and is highly relevant to today's concern for the environment. Finally, although it did not become a practical proposition in his lifetime, the paper reviews Parsons' vision of, and continuing interest in, the gas turbine, first mentioned in his 1884 patents.

Evaluation of Municipal Sludge Drying and Dewatering with Respect to Sludge Volume Reduction

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryla Smollen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Municipal Sludge ◽  
Moisture Retention ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Retention Characteristics ◽  
Sludge Drying

A number of parameters that influence sludge dewatering behaviour have been identified, but there is a lack of consensus which of these are of the greatest concern in sludge treatment strategies. Moisture retention characteristics were obtained from vacuum drying of centrifuged sludge samples to subdivide moisture into immobilised, physically and chemically bound fractions. Physically bound moisture is responsible for unsatisfactory dewatering by centrifugation. Polyelectrolyte releases some of the immobilised water, but simultaneously increases the physically bound moisture content which gives rise to large energy inputs during mechanical dewatering. Commonly used dewaterability measurements do not appear to be linked to moisture retention characteristics.

PWM Design for Active Suspension without External Energy Supply Based on LQG Control

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1478-1481
Author(s):  
Shian Chen ◽  
Xuan Li ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Jian Lian Zhao ◽  
Ze He Tang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Flow Equation ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Passive Suspension ◽  
Quadratic Performance Index ◽  
Lqg Control ◽  
Quadratic Performance

A PWM controller is designed for the active suspension without external energy supply (ASWEES) using the LQG control method. Based on the quarter-vehicle ASWEES model, Energy flow equation between the suspension and the accumulator with a 2 kW load was deduced and a PWM controller was designed. When 200Hz solenoid valves were adopted, the carrier frequency and series value of the carrier signal were set as 40 and 5 respectively. Simulation results show the suspension quadratic performance index of ASWEES decreases 24.97% than that of the passive suspension. The passive suspension consumes 2.211kW power, but ASWEES reclaims energy of 2 kW.

SELF-ADAPTING FAÇADE SYSTEMS: EXPERIMENTATION REGARDING THE EXPLOITATION OF THERMAL DILATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-90
Author(s):  
Livio Petriccione ◽  
Fabio Fulchir ◽  
Francesco Chinellato
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Self ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Orientation System ◽  
Thermal Dilation ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Productive Development ◽  
Critical Aspects

ABSTRACT An original and innovative solar device orientation system is illustrated, together with the results of research and experimentation. The system proposed uses only the force generated by natural thermal dilation, without the help of motors, computerized devices or external energy sources, thus overcoming some critical aspects of the self-adaptive type of building envelopes used up until now. In the course of the research a mathematical model was developed to correlate the variation of the environmental temperature with the consequent expansion of the dilating elements of the system. The results of the tests carried out confirmed an excellent correspondence between the theoretical results and the experimentation. The state of the art of the research has all its theoretical aspects defined and some partial prototypes created. It is planned to build some complete prototypes with the realistic prospect of productive development.

Self-contained Electrochemical Process to Produce Pure Compressed Hydrogen from Hydrocarbons and Steam Without an External Energy Supply

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 (10) ◽  
pp. 104512
Author(s):  
Huayang Zhu ◽  
W. Grover Coors ◽  
Sandrine Ricote ◽  
Canan Karakaya ◽  
Robert J. Kee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
External Energy

Reducing Energy Supply In The Drying Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Sc. Rajka Budin ◽  
Sc. Alka Mihelić-Bogdanić
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Reducing Energy
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document