Strategy for nitrogen removal from piggery waste

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Choi ◽  
Y. Eum
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Optimum Operating Condition ◽  
Ammonia Stripping

This study was conducted with an influent containing about 20% solids, obtainable from scraper type separation resulting in about 40 g/L TCOD and 5.5 g/L TKN, to find an optimum operating condition for nitrogen removal. Both laboratory scale reactors and a full scale treatment plant removed 80 to 90% nitrogen by biological means up to 35°C with 10% by ammonia stripping. The full scale plant however was operated at 35 to 45°C, and at 45°C, 30% nitrogen was removed by biological means, 50% by ammonia stripping, 14% by chemical coagulation and 6% by activated carbon adsorption, respectively. Struvite formation could not be observed at 30°C or higher. Nitrite nitrification and denitrification could save about 35% in tank volume and 50% in carbon requirements at 25°C, respectively. For a complete denitrification with a proper temperature, the influent TCOD/TKN ratio must exceed 6 with oxic/total reactor volume ratio of 0.5. The influent TCOD level or organic load should be lower so as not to increase the reactor temperature above 35°C and avoid nitrification inhibition. The estimated optimum nitrogen loading rates were 0.15 for summer and 0.23 kgTKN/m3/d for winter, respectively. With a cooling facility, the nitrogen loads could be increased to 0.35 kgTKN/m3/d equivalent to an organic loading rate of 2.5 kgCOD/m3/d.

Optimization of nitrogen removal from piggery waste by nitrite nitrification

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Eum ◽  
E. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Optimum Operating Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Loads ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Waste Characteristics ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

The piggery waste characteristics greatly vary with types of manure collections and the amount of water used. If solids are separated well, the waste strength will be greatly reduced resulting in lower TCOD/TKN ratio of 4 (average). If solids are separated by a mechanical scraper, some solids will remain and the waste strength will be increased with a TCOD/TKN ratio of 7. This study was conducted to find an optimum operating condition for nitrogen removal with these two ratios. Nitrite nitrification was targeted because it could be a short cut process for savings in oxygen for nitrification and carbon requirements for denitrification. The study results indicated that nitrogen loading rate and pH were the most important factors to be considered for stable nitrite nitrification. The applicable nitrogen loads were estimated to be 0.3 to 2.0 kgTKN/oxic m3/d for high TCOD/TKN ratio without pH control. With higher pH > 8, NO2N/NOxN ratios in oxic stages even with lower nitrogen loads were increased. The SBR with low TCOD/TKN ratio less than 4 required additional alkalinity. For a complete denitrification, the influent TCOD/TKN ratio must exceed 6 with oxic/total reactor volume ratio of 0.5. Nitrite nitrification and denitrification could save about 35% in tank volume and 50% in carbon requirement, respectively. However, 9.5% oxygen saving could be expected during the operation with low TCOD/TKN ratio. The elevated temperature due to the heat released from COD removal also enhanced microbial activities for nitrification and denitrification as well as ammonia stripping. However, careful attention must be provided for the reactor temperature not to inhibit the nitrification process.

Treatment of high organic content wastewater from food-processing industry with the French vertical flow constructed wetland system

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paing ◽  
V. Serdobbel ◽  
M. Welschbillig ◽  
M. Calvez ◽  
V. Gagnon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Food Processing Industry ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This study aimed at determining the treatment performances of a full-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands designed to treat wastewater from a food-processing industry (cookie factory), and to study the influence of the organic loading rate. The full-scale treatment plant was designed with a first vertical stage of 630 m², a second vertical stage of 473 m² equipped with a recirculation system and followed by a final horizontal stage of 440 m². The plant was commissioned in 2011, and was operated at different loading rates during 16 months for the purpose of this study. Treatment performances were determined by 24 hour composite samples. The mean concentration of the raw effluent was 8,548 mg.L−1 chemical oxygen demand (COD), 4,334 mg.L−1 biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and 2,069 mg.L−1 suspended solids (SS). Despite low nutrients content with a BOD5/N/P ratio of 100/1.8/0.5, lower than optimum for biological degradation (known as 100/5/1), mean removal performances were very high with 98% for COD, 99% for BOD5 and SS for the two vertical stages. The increasing of the organic load from 50 g.m−2.d−1 COD to 237 g.m−2.d−1 COD (on the first stage) did not affect removal performances. The mean quality of effluent reached French standards (COD < 125 mg.L−1, BOD5 < 25 mg.L−1, SS < 35 mg.L−1).

Enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency in a dyestuff wastewater treatment plant with the IFFAS process: the pilot-scale and full-scale studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Mao ◽  
Xie Quan ◽  
Huimin Zhao ◽  
Yaobin Zhang ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Dyestuff Wastewater

Abstract The activated sludge (AS) process is widely applied in dyestuff wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs); however, the nitrogen removal efficiency is relatively low and the effluent does not meet the indirect discharge standards before being discharged into the industrial park's WWTP. Hence it is necessary to upgrade the WWTP with more advanced technologies. Moving bed biofilm processes with suspended carriers in an aerobic tank are promising methods due to enhanced nitrification and denitrification. Herein, a pilot-scale integrated free-floating biofilm and activated sludge (IFFAS) process was employed to investigate the feasibility of enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The results showed that the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrate (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of the IFFAS process were significantly lower than those of the AS process, and could meet the indirect discharge standards. PCR-DGGE and FISH results indicated that more nitrifiers and denitrifiers co-existed in the IFFAS system, promoting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Based on the pilot results, the IFFAS process was used to upgrade the full-scale AS process, and the effluent COD, NH4+-N and TN of the IFFAS process were 91–291 mg/L, 10.6–28.7 mg/L and 18.9–48.6 mg/L, stably meeting the indirect discharge standards and demonstrating the advantages of IFFAS in dyestuff wastewater treatment.

Total nitrogen removal from high-strength ammonia recycle stream using a single submerged attached growth bioreactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Onnis-Hayden ◽  
P.B. Pedros ◽  
J. Reade
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Sludge ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

An experimental study investigating the nitrogen removal efficiency from the recycle stream generated in the dewatering facility of the anaerobically digested sludge at the Deer Island wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Boston was conducted using a single submerged attached growth bioreactor (SAGB), designed for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The applied nitrogen loading to the reactor ranged from 0.7 to 2.27 kg-N/m3·d, and the corresponding total nitrogen (TN) removal rate ranged from 0.38 to 1.8 kg-N/m3·d. The observed nitrification rates varied from 0.42 kg-N/m3·d to 1.45 kg-N/m3·d with an ammonia load of 0.5 kg-N/m3·d and 1.8 kg-N/m3·d, respectively. An average nitrification efficiency of 91% was achieved throughout the experiment. Denitrification efficiency varied from 55%, obtained without any addition of carbon source, to 95% when methanol was added in order to obtain a methanol/nitrate ratio of about 3 kg methanol/kg NO3−-N.

Experience from start-ups of the first ANITA Mox Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2677-2684 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Christensson ◽  
S. Ekström ◽  
A. Andersson Chan ◽  
E. Le Vaillant ◽  
R. Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up

ANITA™ Mox is a new one-stage deammonification Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) developed for partial nitrification to nitrite and autotrophic N-removal from N-rich effluents. This deammonification process offers many advantages such as dramatically reduced oxygen requirements, no chemical oxygen demand requirement, lower sludge production, no pre-treatment or requirement of chemicals and thereby being an energy and cost efficient nitrogen removal process. An innovative seeding strategy, the ‘BioFarm concept’, has been developed in order to decrease the start-up time of new ANITA Mox installations. New ANITA Mox installations are started with typically 3–15% of the added carriers being from the ‘BioFarm’, with already established anammox biofilm, the rest being new carriers. The first ANITA Mox plant, started up in 2010 at Sjölunda wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Malmö, Sweden, proved this seeding concept, reaching an ammonium removal rate of 1.2 kgN/m3 d and approximately 90% ammonia removal within 4 months from start-up. This first ANITA Mox plant is also the BioFarm used for forthcoming installations. Typical features of this first installation were low energy consumption, 1.5 kW/NH4-N-removed, low N2O emissions, <1% of the reduced nitrogen and a very stable and robust process towards variations in loads and process conditions. The second ANITA Mox plant, started up at Sundets WWTP in Växjö, Sweden, reached full capacity with more than 90% ammonia removal within 2 months from start-up. By applying a nitrogen loading strategy to the reactor that matches the capacity of the seeding carriers, more than 80% nitrogen removal could be obtained throughout the start-up period.

Pilot study for the potential application of a shortcut nitrification and denitrification process in landfill leachate treatment with MBR

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. An ◽  
J.W. Tan ◽  
L. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Optimum Operating Condition ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Denitrification Process

An advanced nitrogen removal pilot study was performed in China's Xia Ping Landfill Leachate Treatment Plant to undertake shortcut nitrification and denitrification with the Membrane Bio-reactor (MBR) process. It was found that the MBR process used 25% less of the oxygen and 40% less of the external carbon sources, compared to the conventional nitrification and denitrification process. The key feature of the MBR process is that it provides an environment more favorable for ammonia oxidation bacterium (AOB) than for nitrite oxidation bacterium (NOB) through controlling loading, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration (DO), and NH3 inhibition. Optimum operating condition was examined through continuous running of the pilot MBR, and it was found that a minimum HRT of 4.3 days and maximum ammonia loading of 0.6 kg N- NH4+ m3.d with pH 7–8.5, temperature 25–30 °C, and DO at 2 mg/L is favorable to AOB. Kinetic study was conducted to identify the characteristic of the microorganisms in the system. Measured Ks and μA,max of MBR sludge was 19.65 mg NH4-N/L (Temperature 25 °C, pH 8.5) and 0.26 d−1, respectively.

scholarly journals Quali-quantitative characterization of biogas with the temporal behavior of organic load on wastewater treatment plant with upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors through measurement in full‑scale systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-629
Author(s):  
Orlando Antonio Duarte Hernandez ◽  
Ana Caroline Paula ◽  
Gustavo Rafael Collere Possetti ◽  
Mauricio Pereira Cantão ◽  
Miguel Mansur Aisse
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Flow Meter ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

This study aims to present the time behavior of wastewater flow parameters, organic matter, biogas flow, biogas composition, and its relations, measured through online sensors, in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operating full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors, installed in the south of Brazil. WWTP has online measurement devices to evaluate some physicochemical variables of the sewage and the biogas. The COD analyzer (UV– Vis probe), ultrasonic flow meter, biogas flow meter, and biogas composition analyzer were the equipment used. The monitoring occurred for two time periods each of 72 h and one time period for 48 h in the year 2018. Data were checked with descriptive statistics, data independence was checked through the autocorrelation Box– Ljung test, normality behavior was checked with several tests (Shapiro– Wilk, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Lilliefors, Anderson–Darling, D’Agostino K2, and Chen–Shapiro), and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlations among the parameters. The mean sewage flow was 345 ± 120 L.s-1; removed organic load was, in average, 48%; biogas quality values were 82.32% ± 3.62% v/v (CH4), 2.66% ± 1.19% v/v (CO2), and 3453 ± 1268 ppm (H2S); and the production per capita obtained was 4.51 ± 1.65 NL.hab-1.d-1. It was estimated an electric power generation of 3118.6 kWh.d-1, which is equivalent to an installed power of 130 KW. The behavior of removed organic load and biogas flow (Nm3.h-1), produced in the treatment plant, showed variable, periodic, and nonstationary time behavior.  

Tentative Nitrogen Removal with Fixed Bed Processes in Malmö Sewage Treatment Plant

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Made In

A test program for the use of fixed bed processes in systems for nitrogen removal at an advanced sewage treatment plant is described. Results from studies on nitrification in a full scale trickling filter plant with different filter depths and at different wastewater temperatures are presented. Results from full scale experiments with denitrification/nitrification in a retrofitted activated sludge plant are also presented. The effect of an aerated submerged fixed bed in the aeration basin on nitrification was investigated. Observations of the biofilm formed on the fixed bed were made in microscope.

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