Degradation of wine industry wastewaters by photocatalytic advanced oxidation

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Navarro ◽  
J. Sarasa ◽  
D. Sierra ◽  
S. Esteban ◽  
J.L. Ovelleiro
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
H2o2 Concentration ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Promising Technology

Wine industry wastewaters contain a high concentration of organic biodegradable compounds as well as a great amount of suspended solids. These waters are difficult to treat by conventional biological processes because they are seasonal and a great flow variation exists. Photocatalytic advanced oxidation is a promising technology for waters containing high amounts of organic matter. In this study we firstly investigated the application of H2O2 as oxidant combined with light (artificial or natural) in order to reduce the organic matter in samples from wine industry effluents. Secondly, we studied its combination with heterogeneous catalysts: titanium dioxide and clays containing iron minerals. The addition of photocatalysts to the system reduces the required H2O2 concentration. Although the H2O2/TiO2 system produces higher efficiencies, the H2O2/clays system requires a H2O2 dosage between three and six times lower.

scholarly journals Design and Performance of an Innovative Hybrid Constructed Wetland for Sustainable Pig Slurry Treatment in Small Farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonina Torrens ◽  
Montserrat Folch ◽  
Miquel Salgot
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Swine Slurry

Simple and suitable treatment of swine slurry from small farms is paramount especially in sensitive areas. This paper evaluates the viability of an innovative nature-based technology hybrid system (a Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland followed by a Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland both planted with reeds – Phragmites australis) to treat swine slurry for further land application or discharge in water bodies with reduced nitrogen impact. Physicochemical parameters, bacterial indicators, surface deposits and biomass inside the filters were monitored. The hybrid configuration offered a dual function for simultaneous solid-liquid separation and biological treatment. Removal of organic matter and suspended solids was very high (>80% for SS and >75% for COD and BOD5) while the overall nitrogen load removal was 65%, due to the combined nitrification/denitrification processes, thus effectively reducing swine slurry nitrogen content. The influence of temperature and design and operational parameters on the treatment efficiency and the hydraulic behavior were also studied. The vertical constructed wetland achieved good hydraulic performance with no clogging problems, despite high pollutant loads. Some of the pollutants were retained and mineralized in the surface deposit layer, increasing around 20 cm each year. This organic biosolid layer improved filtration efficiency. The high ammonia contents interfered with the growth of Phragmites australis, while the high concentration of suspended solids and organic matter determine the operation and design to be implemented.

Wastewater control in welding electrode manufacturing - a case study

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Tünay ◽  
I. Kabdasli ◽  
D. Orhon
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Case Evaluation ◽  
Acid Bath ◽  
Separate Treatment ◽  
Welding Electrode

Metal finishing plants, although the wastewaters and treatment schemes for this category are well defined, require a case by case evaluation to find appropriate solutions and to solve specific problems. In this paper, a case study conducted on a welding electrode plant is presented. The wastewater sources were surface cleaning, copper plating and soap solutions used for drawing which were frequently included in waters. The plant was subjected to pretreatment standards, which necessitated the control of sulfate and organic matter in addition to standard parameters of metals, oil, suspended solids etc. Following a source-based characterization, treatability studies were conducted to treat high concentration of sulfate, organic matter as well as heavy metals and oil-grease. The proposed treatment scheme involved separate treatment of copper bath for recovery, chemical oxidation for soap solutions, sulfate precipitation for sulfuric acid bath and application of hydroxide precipitation to proper combination of other wastewater sources.

Effect of Starch on the Flocculation and Settling Behaviour of Titanium Dioxide Suspensions

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-171
Author(s):  
S.N. Ray ◽  
C. Hsi ◽  
B.C. -Y. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Settling Velocity ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Settling Behaviour ◽  
Dimensionless Function ◽  
Flocculation Rate

Abstract This study concerns the problem of removal of suspended solids from the effluent streams of paper mills by chemical treatment. As titanium dioxide is one of the ingredients used in paper mills and present in the effluent streams, its flocculation and settling behaviour were investigated. Jar test experiments were conducted using alum and organic polyelectrolyte as the flocculants. As starch is also used in the paper making process, its influence on the flocculation and settling behaviour of titanium dioxide was conducted with the concentration of starch varying between 0–3% of the dry solids. The experimental results on flocculation are expressed in terms of dimensionless function Gθϕ and flocculation rate constants. The fraction of solids settled is presented in terms of the settling velocity. Concentration of starch was found to have a significant influence. The amount of alum required could be reduced by 75% by using starch 0.6% of the amount of titanium dioxide in the suspension and at the same time improving the settling velocity two folds. A possible application of this finding in pollution abatement is discussed.

Study on the performance of an up-flow aerated biofilter (UAB) in municipal wastewater treatments

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimasa Watanabe ◽  
Satoshi Okabe ◽  
Tomochika Arata ◽  
Yuji Haruta
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Running Cost ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

A comprehensive wastewater treatment system that accomplishes oxidation of organic matter, nitrification, and denitrification was developed, and its characteristics and performance were investigated. A municipal wastewater was treated by an up-flow aerated biofilter (UAB), in which biofilms were developed on stainless meshes installed horizontally. This UAB exhibited a great potential ability of oxidation of organic matter, SS stabilization, and nitrification due to a unique aeration mechanism giving high DO concentrations with relatively low aeration rates. Another unique feature of the UAB was that attached biofilms on stainless meshes physically filtered out and/or adsorbed suspended solids in the wastewater in addition to the biological oxidation of organic matter. A stable nitrification could be achieved at HRT=10 hours corresponding to a hydraulic loading of 86 L m−2 d−1 and at a ratio of aeration rate to wastewater flow rate (A/W) of 2, which is considerably low as compared to aeration rates of typical activated sludge systems. This UAB system also could handle relatively high hydraulic loading rates. The UAB used in this study still have enough space to install more stainless meshes so as to reduce hydraulic loading rates resulting in the reduction of HRT and aeration rate, which leads to improvement of the system performance as well as reduction of the running cost.

Influence of mineral water constituents, organic matter and water matrices on the performance of the H2O2/IO4−-advanced oxidation process

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1985-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Elhouda Chadi ◽  
Slimane Merouani ◽  
Oualid Hamdaoui ◽  
Mohammed Bouhelassa ◽  
Muthupandian Ashokkumar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Water Constituents

We have recently reported that the reaction of H2O2/IO4− could be a new advanced oxidation process for water treatment [N. E. Chadi, S. Merouani, O. Hamdaoui, M. Bouhelassa and M. Ashokkumar, Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2019, 5, 1113–1123].

Membrane filtration of wastewater effluents for reuse: effluent organic matter rejection and fouling

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jarusutthirak ◽  
G. Amy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Effluent Organic Matter ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Uf Membranes ◽  
Stirred Cell ◽  
Filtration Unit

The reuse of treated wastewater to augment natural drinking water supplies is receiving serious consideration. Treatment of secondary and tertiary effluent by membrane filtration was investigated by assessing nanofiltration (NF) membrane and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in bench-scale experiments. It was found that secondary and tertiary effluent contained high concentration of effluent organic matter (EfOM), contributing EfOM-related fouling. Flux decline and EfOM rejection tests were evaluated, using a dead-end stirred cell filtration unit. Surface charge and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of membranes were significant factors in membrane performance including permeability and EfOM-rejection.

Suspended particles in the drinking water of two distribution systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gauthier ◽  
B. Barbeau ◽  
R. Millette ◽  
J.-C. Block ◽  
M. Prévost
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Remote Locations ◽  
Dissolved Matter

The concentrations of suspended particles were measured in the drinking water of two distribution systems, and the nature of these particles documented. The concentrations of particulate matter were invariably found to be small (maximum 350 μg/L). They are globally in the very low range in comparison with dissolved matter concentrations, which are measured in several hundreds of mg/L. Except during special water quality events, such as turnover of the raw water resource, results show that organic matter represents the most important fraction of suspended solids (from 40 to 76%) in treated and distributed water. Examination of the nature of the particles made it possible to develop several hypotheses about the type of particles penetrating Montreal's distribution system during the turnover period (algae skeleton, clays). These particles were found to have been transported throughout the distribution systems quite easily, and this could result in the accumulation of deposits if their surface charge were ever even slightly destabilised, or if the particles were to penetrate the laminar flow areas that are fairly typical of remote locations in distribution systems.

The effects of ultraviolet/H2O2 advanced oxidation on the content and characteristics of groundwater natural organic matter

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Molnar ◽  
J. Agbaba ◽  
A. Tubić ◽  
M. Watson ◽  
M. Kragulj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Water Type ◽  
H2o2 Treatment ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
Aromatic Character ◽  
A Minor

This work investigates the effects of ultraviolet (UV)/H2O2 advanced oxidation on the content and characteristics of natural organic matter (NOM) originating from two different groundwaters (3.03–9.69 mg/L total organic carbon (TOC), 2.71–4.31 Lmg−1m−1 specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA)). Application of UV irradiation resulted in a minor reduction in the total content of NOM. Using UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation led to a significant reduction of the aromatic character of NOM (SUVA was reduced by up to 80%) and an increase in the hydrophilic character of the residual NOM, with the optimal UV/H2O2 treatment conditions depending on the water type. In addition, fluctuations in trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) were observed depending on the UV/H2O2 process conditions, with a maximal reduction of about 40% achieved for both waters.

C-axis preferentially oriented and fully activated TiO2 nanotube arrays for lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (29) ◽  
pp. 11454-11464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengyu Pan ◽  
He Huang ◽  
Xueyuan Wang ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Haobo Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Tio2 Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanotube Arrays

We report the fabrication of long titanium dioxide nanotube arrays with highly c-axis preferentially oriented crystallization and a high concentration of oxygen vacancies by second anodization in ethylene glycol and annealing under poor-oxygen conditions.

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