Atrazine remediation in agricultural infiltrate by bioaugmented polyvinyl alcohol immobilized and free Agrobacterium radiobacter J14a

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2155-2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumana Siripattanakul ◽  
Wanpen Wirojanagud ◽  
John M. McEvoy ◽  
Francis X. M. Casey ◽  
Eakalak Khan
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
Agrobacterium Radiobacter ◽  
Cell Loading ◽  
Sand Column ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Free Cells

Bench-scale sand column breakthrough experiments were conducted to examine atrazine remediation in agricultural infiltrate by Agrobacterium radiobacter J14a (J14a) immobilized in phosphorylated-polyvinyl alcohol compared to free J14a cells. The effects of cell loading and infiltration rate on atrazine degradation and the loss of J14a were investigated. Four sets of experiments, i) tracers, ii) immobilized dead cells, iii) immobilized cells, and iv) free cells, were performed. The atrazine bioremediation at the cell loadings of 300, 600, and 900 mg dry cells l−1 and the infiltration rates of 1, 3, and 6 cm d−1 were tested for 5 column pore volumes (PV). The atrazine breakthrough results indicated that the immobilized dead cells significantly retarded atrazine transport. The atrazine removal efficiencies at the infiltration rates of 1, 3, and 6 cm d−1 were 100%, 80–97%, and 50–70% respectively. Atrazine remediation capacity for the immobilized cells was not significantly different from the free cells. Both infiltration rate and cell loading significantly affected atrazine removal for both cell systems. The bacterial loss from the immobilized cell system was 10 to 100 times less than that from the free cell system. For long-term tests at 50 PV, the immobilized cell system provided consistent atrazine removal efficiency while the atrazine removal by the free cells declined gradually because of the cell loss.

scholarly journals Microbial Desulfurization of Gasoline in a Mycobacterium goodii X7B Immobilized-Cell System

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuli Li ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Jinhui Feng ◽  
Ling Meng ◽  
Yuan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Organic Sulfur ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Mycobacterium Goodii

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium goodii X7B, which had been primarily isolated as a bacterial strain capable of desulfurizing dibenzothiophene to produce 2-hydroxybiphenyl via the 4S pathway, was also found to desulfurize benzothiophene. The desulfurization product was identified as o-hydroxystyrene by gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry analysis. This strain appeared to have the ability to remove organic sulfur from a broad range of sulfur species in gasoline. When Dushanzi straight-run gasoline (DSRG227) containing various organic sulfur compounds was treated with immobilized cells of strain X7B for 24 h, the total sulfur content significantly decreased, from 227 to 71 ppm at 40�C. GC flame ionization detection and GC atomic emission detection analysis were used to qualitatively evaluate the effects of M. goodii X7B treatment on the contents of gasoline. In addition, when immobilized cells were incubated at 40�C with DSRG275, the sulfur content decreased from 275 to 54 ppm in two consecutive reactions. With this excellent efficiency, strain X7B is considered a good potential candidate for industrial applications for the biodesulfurization of gasoline.

Textile Effluent Discoloration by Immobilized Phanerochaete Chrysosporium into PVA-Alginate-Sulfate Beads

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Atikah Husna Ahmad Nasir ◽  
Nor Fadhilatul Shilla Mohd Asri ◽  
Nor Azimah Mohd Zain ◽  
Mohd Suardi Suhaimi ◽  
Ani Idris
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Free Cell ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Free Cells ◽  
Immobilization Matrix ◽  
Preliminary Research

This paper presents preliminary research on immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium in PVA-alginate-sulfate beads to discolor textile effluents. It is an alternative technique from the current physico-chemicals. The main focus of this study was to determine the colour removal, Chemical oxygen deman (COD) removal and manganese peroxidase activity of the immobilized P.crysosporium. Immobilized P.crysosporium also confers advantages such as reusability and improved cell performance. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was also performed to characterize the immobilization matrix. The immobilized results were compared with that of free cells. Immobilized cells were able to discolor 47.14% compared to free cells which recorded 10.78% colour removal. The COD removal of immobilized cell is more than 60% as compared to that of free cells, which could only reduced 30% of COD. Finally, the manganase peroxidase activities showed a slight difference between the immobilized and free cell at 0.15U/L and 0.13U/L respectively.

Cyanide degradation by immobilized cells of Rhodococcus UKMP-5M

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maegala Nallapan Maniyam ◽  
Fridelina Sjahrir ◽  
Abdul Ibrahim ◽  
Anthony Cass
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Economic Point

AbstractAnthropogenic sources contribute to the bulk presence of cyanide, which causes substantial health and environmental concerns. A petroleum-contaminated soil isolate, Rhodococcus UKMP-5M has been verified to efficiently degrade high concentration of cyanide in the form of KCN in our previous study. In order to enhance the cyanide-degrading ability of this bacterium, different encapsulation matrices were screened to immobilize cells of Rhodococcus UKMP-5M for degradation of cyanide. It was revealed that the biocatalyst activity and bead mechanical strength improved significantly when calcium alginate encapsulation technique was employed as compared to free cells. The results also indicated that the immobilized cell system could tolerate a higher level of KCN concentration and were able to support a higher biomass density. In addition, the embedded cells retained almost 96% of their initial cyanide removal efficiency during the first five batches and the entrapped cell system maintained 64% of its initial activity after eight successive batches. The encapsulated beads could be easily recovered from the production medium and reused for up to five batches without significant losses of cyanide-degrading ability, which proved to be advantageous from an economic point of view. From this study, it could be inferred that the novel Rhodococcus UKMP-5M strain demonstrated high cyanide-degrading ability and the optimized calcium alginate immobilization technique provided a promising alternative for practical application of large scale remediation of cyanide-bearing wastewaters.

Characterization of immobilized cells in biodegradation of ABS resin manufacturing waste-water

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Wen-Chin ◽  
Cheng Sheng-Shung
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Abs Resin ◽  
Dispersed Cells

Because of the presence of refractory and biologically inhibitory organic compounds in ABS resin wastewater, which would retard the bioactivity of the autotrophic nitrifier and make the efficiency of nitrification process unstable, the application of cell immobilization for ABS wastewater treatment has been investigated by immobilizing the enrichment culture of nitrifying bacteria with alginate. The characterization of the immobilized cells in various alignate concentrations was conducted by a series of biodegradability studies with electrolytic respirometry and compared with the differences from the dispersed cells. Results clearly indicated that immobilized cells achieved higher efficiency of COD and TKN removal than that of the dispersed cells during the period of high initial concentration of wastewater. Meanwhile, high concentration of cells were growing near the gel surface and reduced the effects of diffusional restriction. No remarkable difference was found while the concentration of alginate ranged from 3% to 5%. According to mass balance of total nitrogen, more than 25% of total nitrogen was removed in the batch system of the immobilized cell. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification could occur due to the oxygen gradient throughout the gel matrix. Compared with the complete mixing system of the dispersed cell, the approach for the immobilized-cell system provided a more effective method for treating the special wastewater with high strength of nitrogenous and inhibitory compounds.

scholarly journals Propachlor Removal by Pseudomonas Strain GCH1 in an Immobilized-Cell System

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1190-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Martín ◽  
G. Mengs ◽  
E. Plaza ◽  
C. Garbi ◽  
M. Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generation Time ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
Washed Cell ◽  
Isolation Techniques ◽  
Ceramic Support ◽  
Bioreactor Operation

ABSTRACT A bacterial strain capable of growing on propachlor (2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide) was isolated from soil by using enrichment and isolation techniques. The strain isolated, designated GCH1, was classified as a member of the genusPseudomonas. Washed-cell suspensions of strain GCH1 accumulated N-isopropylacetanilide, acetanilide, acetamide, and catechol. Pseudomonas strain GCH1 grew on propachlor with a generation time of 4.2 h and a rate of substrate utilization of 1.75 ± 0.15 μmol h−1. Gene expression did not require induction but was subject to catabolite expression. Acetanilide was a growth substrate with a yield of 0.56 ± 0.02 mg of protein μmol−1. GCH1 strain cells were immobilized by adsorption onto a ceramic support and were used as biocatalysts in an immobilized cell system. Propachlor elimination reached 98%, with a retention time of 3 h and an initial organic load of 0.5 mM propachlor. The viability of immobilized cells increased 34-fold after 120 days of bioreactor operation.

scholarly journals Effecienty of Immobilization technique of Bacillus Sublilis Asperginase producer

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Sanaa Burhan ◽  
Sahar Q. Alzobaidy
Keyword(s):  
Solid Surface ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Mineral Salt Medium ◽  
Free Cell ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Immobilized Cell ◽  
Free Cells ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
B1 Cells

wenty Bacillus isolated were obtained from different sample food and water. Bacillus B1 isolated was the highest asparaginase producer, it was identified as a strain of B. subtilis.The highest production of asparaginase was observed when mineral salt medium containing 0.3% asparagen, pH 8 and incubated at 400c for 24 hrs. B. subtilis B1 cells were immobilized by entrapment methods (calcium alginate and agar), and by adsorption on solid surface such as sawdust and cotton. The result showed that the immobilized cells by adsorption on sawdust was the best, the immobilized cell retained 88% of asparginase activity after 48h while free cell retained 65%. Cells immobilized by adsorption on sawdust was incubated at different temperatures (37-60)0c for 12 min. and at different pH (4-10) for 120 min. the result showed that the immobilized cell had 78% remaining activity at 37c while the free cells were 58%, and retaining activity was 70% at pH=7 while free cells were 52%.

Atrazine removal in agricultural infiltrate by bioaugmented polyvinyl alcohol immobilized and free Agrobacterium radiobacter J14a: A sand column study

Chemosphere ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumana Siripattanakul ◽  
Wanpen Wirojanagud ◽  
John M. McEvoy ◽  
Francis X.M. Casey ◽  
Eakalak Khan
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Agrobacterium Radiobacter ◽  
Sand Column ◽  
Column Study

Design of a continuous flow immobilized-cell reactor for biosynthetical production of L-aspartic acid

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2122-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jindřich Zahradník ◽  
Marie Fialová ◽  
Jan Škoda ◽  
Helena Škodová
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Immobilized Cell

An experimental study was carried out aimed at establishing a data base for an optimum design of a continuous flow fixed-bed reactor for biotransformation of ammonium fumarate to L-aspartic acid catalyzed by immobilized cells of the strain Escherichia alcalescens dispar group. The experimental program included studies of the effect of reactor geometry, catalytic particle size, and packed bed arrangement on reactor hydrodynamics and on the rate of substrate conversion. An expression for the effective reaction rate was derived including the effect of mass transfer and conditions of the safe conversion-data scale-up were defined. Suggestions for the design of a pilot plant reactor (100 t/year) were formulated and decisive design parameters of such reactor were estimated for several variants of problem formulation.

scholarly journals Production of a Novel Functional Fruit Beverage Consisting of Cornelian Cherry Juice and Probiotic Bacteria

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Mantzourani ◽  
Chryssa Nouska ◽  
Antonia Terpou ◽  
Athanasios Alexopoulos ◽  
Eugenia Bezirtzoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Free Cells ◽  
Cherry Juice ◽  
Phenolics Content ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Fermented Juice

The present study describes the development of a novel functional beverage through the application of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 14917 in Cornelian cherry juice fermentation. The probiotic was employed in free and immobilized in a delignified wheat bran carrier (DWB) form. Cornelian cherry juice was fermented for 24 h and then it was stored at 4 °C for 4 weeks. Several parameters were evaluated such as residual sugar, organic acid and alcohol levels, total phenolics content, and cell viability as well as consumers acceptance. Regarding sugar and organic acids analyses, it was proved that the probiotic free or immobilized biocatalyst was effective. The concentration of ethanol was maintained at low levels (0.3–0.9% v/v). The total phenolic content of fermented Cornelian cherry juice with immobilized cells was recorded in higher levels (214–264 mg GAE/100 mL) for all the cold storage time compared to fermented juice with free cells (165–199 mg GAE/100 mL) and non-fermented juice (135–169 mg GAE/100 mL). Immobilized cells retained their viability in higher levels (9.95 log cfu/mL at the 4th week) compared to free cells (7.36 log cfu/mL at the 4th week). No significant sensory differences were observed among the fermented and the non-fermented samples.

Degradation of bromoxynil by resting and immobilized cells of Agrobacterium radiobacter 8/4 strain

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Věková ◽  
L. Pavlů ◽  
J. Vosáhlo ◽  
J. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Agrobacterium Radiobacter
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