Performance of Moringa oliefera as a biosorbent for chromium removal

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1106-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ghebremichael ◽  
N. Gebremedhin ◽  
G. Amy
Keyword(s):  
Waste Product ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Seed Husk ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
By Products ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed ◽  
Maximum Removal

This study investigated adsorption of chromium on to a bio-adsorbent, Moringa oleifera seed. Different by-products of the seed processing were used as adsorbents. These include: the Whole Seed Powder (WSP), the Residue after Coagulant Extraction (RaCE) and an Activated Carbon (AC) prepared from the seed husk. Adsorption studies for the removal of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were carried out in batch experiments and the effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and initial chromium concentration were analysed. Experimental results showed that maximum removal of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) was observed at pH 7 and pH 2, respectively. The percentage removals of Cr(III) by WSP, RaCE and AC were: 97, 94 and 99.9%, respectively. And the percentage removals of Cr(VI) by RaCE and AC were 47 and 83.2%, respectively. RaCE showed similar adsorption capacity to the WSP, which indicates that it is possible to extract a coagulant and use the waste product for adsorption. By using the RaCE, residual dissolved organic carbon in the treated water was significantly reduced compared to using the WSP. These results indicate that biomaterials can be considered as potential adsorbents for heavy metals removal from water or wastewater systems.

Removal of Toxic Metal Ions from Solutions Using Industrial Solid Byproducts

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Zouboulis ◽  
K. A. Kydros ◽  
K. A. Matis
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Solid Adsorbent ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
By Products

Nowadays the problem of industrial wastes handling and disposal is increasing continuously, as more strict environmental considerations have to be taken into account. In this paper, selected experimental results are presented from our current research in toxic metals removal (e.g. Cu, Pb, As), related to the applications of mineral particles as by-products (red mud, pyrite, dolomite, etc.) for the induced removal of toxic metals from aqueous solutions. These by-products, existing in finely divided form and considered rather as solid industrial wastes, have been used as a cheap solid adsorbent or substrate. Appropriate methods for the subsequent solid/liquid separation were examined, among them flotation. Different parameters were tested and high removals of toxic metals were achieved. In this way, a useful application may be realized for the waste mineral particles.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Activated Carbon Prepared from Industrial Wastes in the Removal of Nickel from Aqueous Solution

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rajalakshmi ◽  
S. Subhashini ◽  
P. Lalitha
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Direct Proportionality ◽  
By Products ◽  
Maximum Removal ◽  
Nickel Adsorption

Elimination of heavy metals like nickel from waste water is an important subject in view of public health. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the applicability of industrial by-products as potential metal adsorbents to remove nickel from aqueous solutions and polluted water. A direct proportionality between the percentage of Ni(II) removal and adsorbent dosage was noted. Maximum removal ⁄ recovery of nickel was achieved at pH range of 10-12 for all adsorbents. An optimum temperature of 40 °C for efficient removal of Ni(II) was observed. The effect of nickel adsorption was affected by salinity. The adsorption isotherm data confirmed to Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. Conformation of data to the Lagergren᾽s rate equation indicated first order kinetics. The suitability of the industrial by-products in the successful removal of nickel from aqueous solution is quite obvious from the study.

scholarly journals Exergy use review of wastewater study in Latin America

DYNA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (216) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Lorena Maryeth Ibagón Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Single Author ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
By Products

Exergy is the maximum useful work that can be obtained from a system in a specific state and environment. Exergy research has focused on energy fuels, although wastewater systems have not been studied in depth. This review explores the study and exergy use for wastewater systems in Latin America over the last 20 years. Chronological production, authors, citations, geographic origin, topic and purpose of publishing were examined through a documentary and bibliometric analysis. Exergy has started its development in Latin America, and it is led by a single school, there is evidence of a single author with 30% of citations and 25% of publications. Brazil, Colombia and Mexico produced 81% of publications, their main purpose is evaluating processes and by-products. The review concluded an incipient exergy development in wastewater systems in the region and exposed the need to stimulate research as a strategy to achieve the SDGs.

Waste, Product and By-product in EU Waste Law

elni Review ◽  
2007 ◽  
pp. 28-44
Author(s):  
Carlos da Silva Campos
Keyword(s):  
Waste Product ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Product Definition ◽  
By Products

The European Parliament voted to include a “by-product” definition in the Waste Framework Directive. A few days later, the Commission came up with an “Interpretative Communication”. The purpose of this article is to find a way of exploring the “new” definition of by-products in order to find more utility than disturbance.

scholarly journals Utilization of poplar wood sawdust for heavy metals removal from model solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Demcak ◽  
Magdalena Balintova ◽  
Maria Hurakova ◽  
Marina V. Frontasyeva ◽  
Inga Zinicovscaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Dynamic Adsorption ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Model Solutions ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Cellulosic Waste ◽  
By Products

AbstractSome kinds of natural organic materials have a potential for removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. It is well known that cellulosic waste materials or by-products can be used as cheap adsorbents in chemical treatment process. In this paper, poplar wood sawdust were used for removal of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(II) ions from model solutions with using the static and dynamic adsorption experiments. Infrared spectrometry of poplar wood sawdust confirmed the presence of the functional groups which correspond with hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin. At static adsorption was achieved approximately of 80 % efficiency for all treated model solutions. Similar efficiency of the adsorption processes was reached after 5 min at dynamic condition. The highest efficiency of Cu(II) removal (98 %) was observed after 30 min of dynamic adsorption. Changes of pH values confirmed a mechanism of ion exchange on the beginning of the adsorption process.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Heat-Induced Changes in Polyphenols and Antioxidant Capacity in Prunus domestica L. By-products

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalska ◽  
Wojdyło ◽  
Majerska ◽  
Lech ◽  
Brzezowska
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Microwave Vacuum Drying ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
By Products ◽  
Industrial Waste Product

Plum pomace, an agro-industrial waste product has received attention due to the worldwide popularity of plums. During convection, the content of flavan-3-ols decrease, except drying at 90 °C, whereas the content of i.e. chlorogenic, 3-p- and 4-p-coumaroylquinic acids, quercetin rutinoside, and galactoside was observed to increase along with the increase in process temperature. The highest content of all identified polyphenols was found in plum pomace powders obtained using a combination of convective at 90 °C and microwave vacuum drying (MVD) at 120 W, whereas the highest retention of the group consisted of phenolic acids, flavonols, and anthocyanins was noted when CD 70 °C/MVD 120 W was used, pointing to a strong influence of the type of polyphenols on their changes caused by drying. The correlations between TEAC ABTS and the sum of flavonoids (r = 0.634) and anthocyanins (r = 0.704) were established. The multiple regression analysis showed that polyphenol content was more strongly affected by drying time than by maximum temperature, whereas antioxidant capacity was more influenced by maximum temperature of sample than by drying time.

scholarly journals Application of Taguchi design in the removal of heavy metals from Simulated metal solutions using groundnut shell and tea bag as a natural absorbent

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ebuka Arthur ◽  
Augustina Aroh Oyibo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Taguchi Design ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Fixed Temperature ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Groundnut Shell

Abstract Background A series of metal solutions such as chromium sulphate, lead sulphate and nickel sulphate were prepared, and varying concentrations were used to model the optimum conditions that would favour the removal of these metals in polluted situations. Taguchi design was used to set the experiment in motion by using three factors such as pH, concentration and time, although the experiment was done at a fixed temperature of 30 °C as detailed in the study. Result The percentage of heavy metals removal from the solutions at varying conditions was used to model the effectiveness of the adsorbent. All models and their statistical parameters were reported in the study. The model identified as the best was the one involving the removal of chromium concentration using the tea bag adsorbent. The ability of the model to predict other concentrations which were not used in developing the model was high and was reported as preR2 of 0.94. Conclusion The model predicts that the experiment which was conducted at varying pH values ranging from 1.00–8.00 can lead to the effective removal of chromium by decreasing the pH of the system to pH value = 1, and increasing the contact time of the adsorbent tea bag residue. The model confirms the transformation of chromium from hexavalent to trivalent at acidic pH which decreases its ionic solubility in an aqueous system leads to its ultimate removal by the adsorbent

scholarly journals Removal of Chromium(III) and Other Physical Parameters from Chrome Tan Wastewater and Recovery of Chromium from the Precipitating Sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Md. Minhaz Uddin ◽  
Jawad Hasan ◽  
Md. Didarul Islam ◽  
Ashiqur Rahaman ◽  
Sayed Md. Shamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Removal And Recovery ◽  
Maximum Removal ◽  
Cr Removal

This study was adopted to investigate the removal of Cr(III)and other physicochemical parameters of chrome tan wastewater. For this purpose, three precipitating agents, CaCO3, NaHCO3, and MgO, were used to treat chrome tan wastewater. After treatment, it was found, in three different dose trials, that each agent removed almost 97-99.5 % of chromium. At the same time, it was observed that with the increase of doses, removal percentage of TDS, conductivity, and turbidity of effluent were reduced. In the case of NaHCO3 and CaCO3, Cr(III) removal percentage at optimum pH was found to be 99.97% and 99.95% respectively, whereas the maximum removal percentage for MgO was found to be 99.98%. The NaHCO3 and CaCO3 were found to be comparable to MgO for Cr(III) removal from chrome tan wastewater. The recovered chromium concentration in the sludge for NaHCO3 and CaCO3 were also similar to that of MgO. This research suggests that these two precipitating agents can be used in the same way as MgO, for Cr removal and recovery treatments. Moreover, this recovered chromium can be reused, thus reducing the environmental pollution.

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