scholarly journals Usefulness of Activated Carbon Prepared from Industrial Wastes in the Removal of Nickel from Aqueous Solution

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rajalakshmi ◽  
S. Subhashini ◽  
P. Lalitha
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Direct Proportionality ◽  
By Products ◽  
Maximum Removal ◽  
Nickel Adsorption

Elimination of heavy metals like nickel from waste water is an important subject in view of public health. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the applicability of industrial by-products as potential metal adsorbents to remove nickel from aqueous solutions and polluted water. A direct proportionality between the percentage of Ni(II) removal and adsorbent dosage was noted. Maximum removal ⁄ recovery of nickel was achieved at pH range of 10-12 for all adsorbents. An optimum temperature of 40 °C for efficient removal of Ni(II) was observed. The effect of nickel adsorption was affected by salinity. The adsorption isotherm data confirmed to Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. Conformation of data to the Lagergren᾽s rate equation indicated first order kinetics. The suitability of the industrial by-products in the successful removal of nickel from aqueous solution is quite obvious from the study.

scholarly journals Reduction of arsenic oxoanion toxicity from contaminated water by adsorption onto iron impregnated biochar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossien Salmani ◽  
Mohammad Abedi ◽  
Sayed Ahmad Mozaffari ◽  
Mohammad Javad Salmani
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Pomegranate Peel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Green Adsorbent ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Fe Ions ◽  
Maximum Removal

Abstract Several ways have systematically been employed to modify carbons for removing heavy metal from contaminated solution. In the present study, Fe impregnated pomegranate peel carbon (Fe-PPC) as a green adsorbent was prepared by addition of Fe3+ions into the pomegranate peel followed carbonization. Stability of iron on PPC was examined by releasing of Fe ions in aqueous solution at the pH range of 2–10. The effect of contact time, variable pH, and initial concentration were studied in the adsorption of arsenite and arsenate anions by Fe-PPC. Maximum removal of arsenite and arsenate anions were observed in the pH range of 5–6 and 9–11 respectively which were 76.3% and 100%. The elemental analysis and characterization of As -FePPC were performed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and BET. The adsorption rate (ν0) value indicated that the initial rates are suitable for arsenic anions adsorption on Fe-PPC in aqueous solution. The more than one mechanism was governed by the adsorption arsenate and was chemisorption, while the physical adsorption had the more contribution to the arsenite adsorption.

scholarly journals Temperature and pH effects on the kinetics of 2-aminophenol auto-oxidation in aqueous solution

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumitru Oancea ◽  
Mihaela Puiu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ph Effects ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
First Order ◽  
Incremental Methods ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractThe kinetics of the auto-oxidation of 2-aminophenol (OAP) to 2-amino-phenoxazin-3-one (APX) was followed in air-saturated aqueous solutions and the influence of temperature and pH on the auto-oxidation rate was studied. The kinetic analysis was based on a spectrophotometric method following the increase of the absorbance of APX. The process follows first order kinetics according to the rate law—d[OAP]/dt=k′[OAP]. The experimental data, within the pH range 4–9.85, were analyzed using both differential and incremental methods. The temperature variation of the overall rate constant was studied at pH=9.85 within the range 25–50°C and the corresponding activation energy was evaluated.

scholarly journals Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution Using a Micaceous Mineral of Kenyan Origin

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Attahiru ◽  
Paul M. Shiundu ◽  
John M. Onyari ◽  
Eliud M. Mathu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Dose Ratio ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Micaceous Mineral ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Maximum Removal

A micaceous mineral (MicaM) available locally in Kenya was utilized as an inexpensive and effective adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution. The effects of contact time, pH, temperature, adsorbate and adsorbent concentrations, and the concentration of electrolyte on the removal of Cu2+ ions were studied. Maximum removal of Cu2+ ions occurred over the pH range 4.0–7.0. The adsorption of Cu2+ ions increased with an increase in the dose ratio of mineral to Cu2+ ion concentration and decreased with adsorbent particle size. Isotherm analysis of the adsorption data obtained at 25°C showed that the adsorption of Cu2+ ions on MicaM followed both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The uptake of Cu2+ ions increased on increasing the pH of the solution from 1.5 to 7.0 as well as on increasing the temperature from 25°C to 60°C. An adsorption capacity of 0.850 g/g was achieved for MicaM towards the Cu2+ ion. This study has demonstrated that locally abundant micaceous mineral can be used as an effective adsorbent for the treatment of waters containing Cu2+ ions without any prior chemical pretreatment.

Preliminary results of the optimization of biogas production at the biogas station of the national research institute of animal production in Grodziec Sląski – Kostkowice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
K. Węglarzy ◽  
Yu. Shliva ◽  
B. Matros ◽  
G. Sych
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Organic Mass ◽  
National Research Institute ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
By Products

Aim. To optimize the methane digestion process while using different recipes of substrate components of ag- ricultural origin. Methods. The chemical composition of separate components of the substrate of agricultural by-products, industrial wastes, fats of the agrorefi nery and corn silage was studied. Dry (organic) mass, crude protein (fat) fi ber, loose ash, nitrogen-free exhaust were estimated in the components and the productivity of biogas was determined along with the methane content. These data were used as a basis for daily recipes of the substrate and the analysis of biogas production at the biogas station in Kostkowice. Results. The application of by-products of agricultural production solves the problem of their storage on boards and in open containers, which reduces investment costs, related to the installation of units for their storage. Conclusions. The return on investment for obtaining electric energy out of agricultural biogas depends considerably on the kind of the substrate used and on technological and market conditions.

Kinetic of oxidation of methyl orange by vanadium(V) under conditions VO2+ and decavanadates coexist: Catalysis by Triton X-100 micellar medium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Vanadium Concentration ◽  
Limiting Behavior ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Kinetic Pattern ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of oxidation of methyl orange by vanadium(V) {V(V)} has been investigated in the pH range 2.3-3.79. In this pH range V(V) exists both in the form of decavanadates and VO2+. The kinetic results are distinctly different from the results obtained for the same reaction in highly acidic solution (pH < 1) where V(V) exists only in the form of VO2+. The reaction obeys first order kinetics with respect to methyl orange but the rate has very little dependence on total vanadium concentration. The reaction is accelerated by H+ ion but the dependence of rate on [H+] is less than that corresponding to first order dependence. The equilibrium between decavanadates and VO2+ explains the different kinetic pattern observed in this pH range. The reaction is markedly accelerated by Triton X-100 micelles. The rate-[surfactant] profile shows a limiting behavior indicative of a unimolecular pathway in the micellar pseudophase.

scholarly journals Oxidative degradation of gentamicin present in water by an electro-Fenton process and biodegradability improvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1017-1025
Author(s):  
Mohamed Réda Arhoutane ◽  
Muna Shueai Yahya ◽  
Miloud El Karbane ◽  
Kacem El Kacemi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Applied Current ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
By Products

AbstractIn the context of environmental protection, where there is a need to develop effective operations for carrying out appropriate treatment of polluted water by pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the present study aims at evaluating the degradation for gentamicin through electro-Fenton (EF) operation, through taking into consideration the effect of several parameters of experimental in the process, namely, the concentration of initial gentamicin, the applied current and the Fe+2 (II) quantities. The (EF) operation employed involves a carbon-felt as cathode and platinum as anode at pH 3. Studies for the gentamicin kinetics is monitored by HPLC giving a pseudo-first order reaction following by a chemical oxygen demand, with a reached degree of mineralization 96% after of four hours of treatment through current 100 mA/cm2 with 0.1 mM of Fe+2. We find that the degradation for molecule of gentamicin is accompanied by an augmentation of the biodegradability, assesse through the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) on chemical oxygen demand (COD) ratio, that augmentation from 0 to 0.41 before treatment after 30 min for EF treatment, showing that there is potential for conjugation of the EF process and the biological process. Furthermore, the by-products have been identified on the basis of HPLC-MS/MS results.

Schiff base equilibria. II. Beryllium complexes of N-n-butylsalicylideneimine and the hydrolysis of the Be2+ ion

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 651 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Green ◽  
PW Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solution ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Beryllium Complexes ◽  
Equilibria In Aqueous Solution

The Schiff base, N-n-butylsalicylideneimine, extracts more than 99.8% beryllium into toluene from dilute aqueous solution. The distribution of beryllium has been studied in the pH range 5-13 and is discussed in terms of the several complex equilibria in aqueous solution. The stability constants of the complexes formed between beryllium and the Schiff base are log β1 11.1 and log β2 20.4, and the distribution coefficient of the bis complex is 550. Over most of the pH range, hydrolysis of the Be2+ ion competes with complex formation and provides a means of measuring the hydrolysis constants. They are for the reactions: Be(H2O)42+ ↔ 2H+ + Be(H2O)2(OH)2, log*β2 - 13.65; Be(H2O)42+ ↔ 3H+ + Be(H2O)(OH)3-, log*β3 -24.11.

Phenolic Wastewater Treatment by Microwave-Induced H2O2-Fe (III)-Cu (II)/γ-Al2O3 Catalytic Oxidation Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Wei Qian Pan ◽  
Tong Zheng ◽  
Peng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Reaction Rate Constants ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Phenolic Pollutants ◽  
Phenolic Wastewater ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Induction Stage

To achieve efficient removal of phenolic pollutants in water, the catalyst of Fe (III)-Cu (II)/γ-Al2O3 was prepared. In the presence of Fe (III)-Cu (II)/γ-Al2O3, microwave-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) catalytic oxidation process was conducted for the treatment of synthetic wastewater containing PNP, a representative of phenolic pollutants. Effectiveness of the process and factors influencing PNP removal were investigated and results showed microwave-induced H2O2-Fe (III)-Cu (II)/γ-Al2O3 process could achieve 99.41% PNP removal percentage, corresponding to 77.9% TOC removal in a given condition. The process remained effective in the 2-8 pH range with high reusability of Fe (III)-Cu (II)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. The kinetics study showed microwave-induced H2O2-Fe (III)-Cu (II)/γ-Al2O3 process could be divided into microwave induction stage and catalytic oxidation stage, both of which fitted first-order kinetics, with reaction rate constants of 0.0453 min-1 and 4.7552 min-1 respectively.

Effects of Aging on the Solubility of Palladium

1995 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Oda ◽  
H. Yoshikawa ◽  
M. Yui
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solution ◽  
Waste Repository ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
High Level

AbstractPalladium solubility was measured in a dilute aqueous solution at room temperature in the pH range from 3 to 13 under anaerobic conditions. Crystalline Pd metal was clearly visible and the concentration of palladium in solution decreased gradually with aging time. The palladium concentrations in solution were less than 9.4×10-10M in the pH range from 4 to 10 and increased to 10-7M in the pH range greater than 10. This study suggests that palladium concentrations in certain high-level waste repository environments may be limited by Pd metal and may be less than 10-9M.

scholarly journals Eggshell Powder as an Adsorbent for Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1457-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhaumik ◽  
N. K. Mondal ◽  
B. Das ◽  
P. Roy ◽  
K. C. Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies ◽  
Maximum Removal

A new medium, eggshell powder has been developed for fluoride removal from aqueous solution. Fluoride adsorption was studied in a batch system where adsorption was found to be pH dependent with maximum removal efficiency at 6.0. The experimental data was more satisfactorily fitted with Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetics and the factor controlling adsorption process fully accepted by pseudo-second-order model were also discussed. Eawas found to be 45.98 kJmol-1by using Arrhenius equation, indicating chemisorption nature of fluoride onto eggshell powder. Thermodynamic study showed spontaneous nature and feasibility of the adsorption process with negative enthalpy (∆H0) value also supported the exothermic nature. Batch experiments were performed to study the applicability of the adsorbent by using fluoride contaminated water collected from affected areas. These results indicate that eggshell powder can be used as an effective, low-cost adsorbent to remove fluoride from aqueous solution as well as groundwater.

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