Comparison of the inspector and rating protocol uncertainty influence in the condition rating of sewers

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Sousa ◽  
F. M. Ferreira ◽  
I. Meireles ◽  
N. Almeida ◽  
J. Saldanha Matos
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Structural Condition ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Sources Of Uncertainty ◽  
Periodic Inspection ◽  
Condition Rating ◽  
Close Circuit Television ◽  
The Difference

Wastewater drainage systems asset management decisions, in particular regarding rehabilitation interventions, are largely dependent on close-circuit television (CCTV) inspection results. However, the results of CCTV inspections are affected by several sources of uncertainty. Within the present communication, the inspector's uncertainty is quantified by comparing periodic inspection reports from three trunk sewers of a Portuguese sewer system. The inspections were carried out by the same experienced inspector using the same equipment. Therefore, the uncertainties from the lack of experience and the difference of the inspector and equipment were ruled out. The protocol uncertainty is also quantified comparing the results obtained with the Water Research Center (WRc) and the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) protocols condition ratings. Both operational and structural condition rating were analysed, but emphasis was given to the later since it dictates the repair and replacement interventions.

scholarly journals Improvement in Surface Solar Irradiance Estimation Using HRV/MSG Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filomena Romano ◽  
Domenico Cimini ◽  
Angela Cersosimo ◽  
Francesco Di Paola ◽  
Donatello Gallucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Research Council ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Channel ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
Advanced Model

The Advanced Model for the Estimation of Surface Solar Irradiance (AMESIS) was developed at the Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis of the National Research Council of Italy (IMAA-CNR) to derive surface solar irradiance from SEVIRI radiometer on board the MSG geostationary satellite. The operational version of AMESIS has been running continuously at IMAA-CNR over all of Italy since 2017 in support to the monitoring of photovoltaic plants. The AMESIS operative model provides two different estimations of the surface solar irradiance: one is obtained considering only the low-resolution channels (SSI_VIS), while the other also takes into account the high-resolution HRV channel (SSI_HRV). This paper shows the difference between these two products against simultaneous ground-based observations from a network of 63 pyranometers for different sky conditions (clear, overcast and partially cloudy). Comparable statistical scores have been obtained for both AMESIS products in clear and cloud situation. In terms of bias and correlation coefficient over partially cloudy sky, better performances are found for SSI_HRV (0.34 W/m2 and 0.995, respectively) than SSI_VIS (−33.69 W/m2 and 0.862) at the expense of the greater run-time necessary to process HRV data channel.

9. Alternants which are constant Multiples of the Difference-Product of the Variables

1889 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 468-476
Author(s):  
Anglin
Keyword(s):  
Present Communication ◽  
The Difference

In a recent paper on “Certain Theorems mainly connected with Alternants (II.),” the possible generalization of the series of theorems (I.)1 (II)1, (III)1, &c, is referred to in § 6. The object of the present communication is to endeavour to effect this generalization, considering for the present Integral functions only.

scholarly journals Experimental tests for characterization of GPR antenna patterns

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (5 Sup.) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pettinelli ◽  
N. Pierdicca ◽  
S. Piro ◽  
L. Versino
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Pattern ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Radar Signal ◽  
Antenna Radiation ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Antenna Radiation Pattern ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Set Up

Detection and location of buried structures using the electromagnetic impulsive methodologies (GPR) require the study of the spatial distribution of energy irradiated by an antenna into the ground and the mechanisms of wave propagation and scattering from relevant targets. Evaluation of the difference in wave field distribution in the ground with respect to free space can provide some useful indications on the propagation of the Geo-radar signal in the ground and the spatial resolution capability of the GPR method. For this reason, a research group, involving “La Sapienza” University, Rome and the National Research Council began, during 1992, to perform studies on antenna radiation pattern, the propagation and scattering phenomena of GPR. This paper presents the experimental set up and the obtained results on the antenna radiation pattern.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengalihan Aset SMA/SMK sebagai Dampak dari Pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Nomor 23/2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah: Studi pada Provinsi Banten

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Venti Eka Satya
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Recording Process ◽  
Asset Transfer ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Handover Process ◽  
The Difference

Based on the mandate of Law Number 23 Year 2014 on Local Government, the management and authority of high school (SMA) and vocational high school (SMK) in the district/city governments are taken over by the provincial governments. The handover began in March 2016, and must be completed in early 2017. BPK’s audit found a difference of asset value of about Rp26 billion during the handover process. This study aims to determine the process of asset transfer carried out by the district/city governments to the provincial government, problems and constraints faced as well as the accounting treatment of the transferred assets. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with empirical data which are collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The asset transfer procedure start from the recording process of assets owned by the district/city education office. The asset record data is subsequently submitted by the district/city education office to the district/city regional financial and asset management agency (BPKAD). Furthermore, without prior confirmation and physical checking, these records were used as a basis for calculating the amount of assets to be handed over to the provincial BPKAD in October 2016.Total assets transferred was Rp1,738,599,434,341.84, and the difference in value found by the BPK was due to incomplete reporting of grants to SMA/SMK that was allocated from the APBN. Problems that are quite complicated are in school’s land ownership, inadequate quantity and quality of human resources, multiple asset recording, lack of complete reporting, and various other administrative and accounting problems.AbtrakBerdasarkan amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, pengelolaan dan kewenangan pendidikan Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) dan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) di pemerintah kabupaten/kota, diambil alih oleh pemerintah provinsi. Serah terima ini mulai dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2016, dan harus tuntas pada awal tahun 2017. Hasil audit BPK menemukan adanya selisih nilai aset sebesar Rp26 miliar dalam proses serah terima aset ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengalihan aset yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kabupaten/kota dan provinsi, permasalahan dan kendala yang dihadapi serta perlakuan akuntansi terhadap aset yang dialihkan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data empiris yang dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Proses ini dimulai dari data catatan aset yang dimiliki oleh dindikbud kabupaten/kota. Data tersebut diserahkan oleh dindikbud kabupaten/kota kepada BPKAD kabupaten/kota. Selanjutnya tanpa melakukan konfirmasi dan pengecekan fisik terlebih dahulu catatan tersebut dijadikan dasar untuk melakukan penghitungan jumlah aset yang akan diserahterimakan kepada pihak BPKAD provinsi pada bulan Oktober 2016. Nilai total aset yang dialihkan sebesar Rp1.738.599.434.341,84, selisih nilai yang ditemukan BPK disebabkan oleh tidak lengkapnya pelaporan hibah ke SMA/SMK yang bersumber dari APBN. Permasalahan yang cukup rumit terdapat pada kepemilikan tanah sekolah, kualitas dan kuantitas sumber daya manusia yang kurang memadai, pencatatan aset ganda, kurang lengkapnya pelaporan, serta berbagai permasalahan administratif dan akuntansi lainnya.  

Development and Application of a Vehicle Procurement Model for Rural Fleet Asset Management

2005 ◽  
Vol 1927 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan S. Davenport ◽  
Michael D. Anderson ◽  
Phillip A. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Federal Grant ◽  
Condition Rating ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
Consistent Basis ◽  
Federal Grant Program ◽  
Asset Management System ◽  
Socioeconomic Data

Advanced asset management systems have emerged as important tools in the management, maintenance, and procurement of vehicles for transit fleet operators. Effective design and use of an asset management system can increase productivity, enhance public perception, and provide a consistent basis for decision making and planning. This paper documents the design and application of a vehicle procurement model in an asset management system created for the Alabama Department of Transportation to manage vehicles purchased and operated through the Section 5311 federal grant program. The vehicle procurement model predicts future vehicle serviceability, or condition rating, by using a combination of factors, including service area socioeconomic data and vehicle usage data. Application of the system helps transportation professionals estimate the overall fleet quality, identify vehicles that will need to be replaced each year, aid in the management of vehicles, and provide a basis for predicting future funding and budgetary needs.

On the quantity of carbon in carbonic acid, and on the nature of the diamond

1832 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 272-275
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Horizontal Position ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Small Furnace ◽  
Guyton De Morveau ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Oxygen Gas ◽  
The Difference

The experiments, which form the subject of the present communication were undertaken, not only on account of the difference between the estimates that have been made of the quantity of carbon in carbonic acid, but because those of Guyton de Morveau, which are most frequently preferred at this time in various systems of chemistry, appeared liable to many objections, from the manner in which they were conducted; while the original experiments of Lavoisier, on the contrary, appear to have been performed with much accuracy, and had moreover been confirmed by Mr. Tennant in his researches on the nature of the diamond. The design of the authoi’s was to consume certain known quantities of diamond and of other carbonaceous substances in oxygen gas; for which purpose it had been originally their intention to employ he sun’s rays, by means of a powerful lens; but, considering the uncertainty of a favourable opportunity in this country, they resolved to employ an apparatus consisting of two mercurial gas-holders, with a tube of platina interposed between them in a horizontal position, and passing through a small furnace, by which the tube and its contents might be heated to any degree requisite for the combustion of the substance employed.

scholarly journals Investigations dealing with the state of aggregation. Part IV.—The flocculation of colloids by salts containing univalent organic ions

1919 ◽  
Vol 90 (631) ◽  
pp. 400-414
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Medium ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
The State ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Organic Ions ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Charge ◽  
The Relationship

In an earlier paper the action of salts in a heterogeneous system was discussed, and the factors which exert influence on the state of hydration and aggregation of the “colloid phase” were summarised. The present communication deals with only one of these factors, viz., the surface-tension of the solutions and the relationship between this property and the capacity of salts for flocculating colloids. The mechanism by means of which this flocculation is produced is still a matter of considerable controversy. The view which appears, up to the present, to be most widely maintained is that the precipitation depends, in the first instance, on the adsorption of the active (precipitating) ion by the colloid. According to Freundlich, who is mainly responsible for what may be termed the adsorption hypothesis, the action of the ions can be explained in the following manner: Before coagulation takes place, the colloidal particles must lose a certain part of their charge, so that the difference of potential between colloid and dispersion medium does not exceed a certain critical maximum (Powis). This partial discharge can be brought about, when the precipitating capacity of various salts is considered, by the adsorption of equivalent quantities of ions with a charge opposite to that of the colloids; if one particular active ion is more readily adsorbed by a colloid than another of equal valency, a salt containing the former ion will produce the degree of discharge necessary for flocculation in a lower concentration of solution than will the salt which contains the ion that is less readily adsorbed. By means of the adsorption hypothesis, Freundlich has endeavoured to explain the numerical relationship between the flocculating capacities of salts containing ions of different valencies. The greater precipitating capacity of salts containing organic ions as compared with those containing inorganic ions has also been explained by the assumption that the former are more readily adsorbed than the latter. Furthermore, typical adsorption isotherms have been obtained, when the distribution of salts between colloid and dispersion medium has been determined.

Automation model of sewerage rehabilitation planning

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Yang ◽  
T.C. Su
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transformation ◽  
Structural Condition ◽  
Image Process ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Rehabilitation Planning ◽  
Optimal Rehabilitation ◽  
Structural Failures ◽  
Processing Techniques

The major steps of sewerage rehabilitation include inspection of sewerage, assessment of structural conditions, computation of structural condition grades, and determination of rehabilitation methods and materials. Conventionally, sewerage rehabilitation planning relies on experts with professional background that is tedious and time-consuming. This paper proposes an automation model of planning optimal sewerage rehabilitation strategies for the sewer system by integrating image process, clustering technology, optimization, and visualization display. Firstly, image processing techniques, such as wavelet transformation and co-occurrence features extraction, were employed to extract various characteristics of structural failures from CCTV inspection images. Secondly, a classification neural network was established to automatically interpret the structural conditions by comparing the extracted features with the typical failures in a databank. Then, to achieve optimal rehabilitation efficiency, a genetic algorithm was used to determine appropriate rehabilitation methods and substitution materials for the pipe sections with a risk of mal-function and even collapse. Finally, the result from the automation model can be visualized in a geographic information system in which essential information of the sewer system and sewerage rehabilitation plans are graphically displayed. For demonstration, the automation model of optimal sewerage rehabilitation planning was applied to a sewer system in east Taichung, Chinese Taiwan.

scholarly journals Spurious Waves During Generation of Multi-Chromatic Waves in the Wave Tank in Shallow Water

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hasanat Zaman ◽  
Heather Peng ◽  
Emile Baddour ◽  
Shane McKay
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Wave Tank ◽  
Physical Experiments ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Frequency Waves ◽  
Drive Signals

Accurate generation of the primary waves and the reproduction of the group-induced second-order low and high frequency waves have been considered essential for physical i.e. model test in the laboratory. In the laboratory when multi-chromatic primary waves are generated the required bounded waves will be generated naturally at the difference frequencies. In addition to that several unwanted free waves are also generated. The free waves, having the same frequencies of the bounded waves are reproduced due to mismatch of the boundary conditions at the wave paddle. The other two types of free waves are due to the wave paddle displacement and the local disturbances. We carried out physical experiments to identify the second order spurious waves in shallow water in the Offshore Engineering Basin (OEB) at the Institute for Ocean Technology (IOT) of National Research Council (NRC) Canada. In the basin water depths in the range of 0.4m to 0.6m are used for the experiments. The peak wave periods also have varied from 1.133s to 2.145s. In the experiments multi-chromatic waves are used. The drive signals of the wave-makers are generated using first-order and second-order wave generation techniques. Total 14 wave probes are used to capture the data in the wave tank. A NRC-IOT code is used to isolate the primary waves, the bounded waves and the unwanted free waves from the measured data at each wave probe. The measured data are analyzed in this paper to illustrate the differences in the waves generated by two different generation techniques.

scholarly journals Analisis Perbandingan Tingkat Kesehatan BPR Konvensional dan BPR Syariah Central di Kota Batam

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Martius Martius
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Banking Deregulation ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Positive Performance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Asset Quality

Banking is one institution that an important role in the economic field of a country. Banking is anything about the bank, including institutions, business activities, and ways and processes in carrying out its business activities. The development of BPR businesses that continue to show positive performance is driven by three main factors: government policies that provide opportunities for BPR establishment, banking deregulation that enlarges the BPR space and the large needs of the community, especially in rural and urban areas, towards banking services. This research was conducted to know the analysis of the difference of health level in matters of Capital aspect, Asset, Management, Rentability, Liquidity and Capital between Conventional BPR and Syariah. Population in this research is all financial data of Conventional Rural Bank and BPR Syariah Kota Batam registered at Bank Indonesia. The sample in this research is the financial data of Conventional BPR and BPR Syariah in Batam  for 2 years. Data analysis method used is CAMEL method. To measure the level of health of banking companies in general use Ratio Asset Quality and Earnings ,. Judging from the method of Quality Asset Ratio and Earning is generated a very good weight value so it can be concluded that the Conventional  and Syariah  Banks in 2014 and 2015 are in the healthy category.

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