scholarly journals Rotating belt sieves for primary treatment, chemically enhanced primary treatment and secondary solids separation

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2598-2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rusten ◽  
S. S. Rathnaweera ◽  
E. Rismyhr ◽  
A. K. Sahu ◽  
J. Ntiako
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Solids Separation ◽  
Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment

Fine mesh rotating belt sieves (RBS) offer a very compact solution for removal of particles from wastewater. This paper shows examples from pilot-scale testing of primary treatment, chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) and secondary solids separation of biofilm solids from moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs). Primary treatment using a 350 microns belt showed more than 40% removal of total suspended solids (TSS) and 30% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) at sieve rates as high as 160 m³/m²-h. Maximum sieve rate tested was 288 m³/m²-h and maximum particle load was 80 kg TSS/m²-h. When the filter mat on the belt increased from 10 to 55 g TSS/m², the removal efficiency for TSS increased from about 35 to 60%. CEPT is a simple and effective way of increasing the removal efficiency of RBS. Adding about 1 mg/L of cationic polymer and about 2 min of flocculation time, the removal of TSS typically increased from 40–50% without polymer to 60–70% with polymer. Using coagulation and flocculation ahead of the RBS, separation of biofilm solids was successful. Removal efficiencies of 90% TSS, 83% total P and 84% total COD were achieved with a 90 microns belt at a sieve rate of 41 m³/m²-h.

scholarly journals Pilot-scale study to investigate the impact of rotating belt filter upstream of a MBR for nitrogen removal

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-465
Author(s):  
V. A. Razafimanantsoa ◽  
D. Adyasari ◽  
A. K. Sahu ◽  
B. Rusten ◽  
T. Bilstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate what kind of impact the removal of particulate organic matter with 33μm rotating belt filter (RBF) (as a primary treatment) will have on the membrane bioreactor (MBR) performance. Two small MBR pilot plants were operated in parallel, where one train treated 2mm screened municipal wastewater (Train A) and the other train treated wastewater that had passed through a RBF with a 33μm filter cloth (Train B). The RBF was operated without a filter mat on the belt. About one third of the organic matter was removed by the fine mesh filter. The assessment of the overall performance showed that the two pilot plants achieved approximately the same removal efficiencies with regard to total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus and total nitrogen. It was also observed that the system with 33μm RBF as a primary treatment produced more sludge, which could be used for biogas production, and required about 30% less aeration downstream. Transmembrane pressure was significantly lower for the train receiving 33μm primary treated wastewater compared to the control receiving 2mm screened wastewater.

scholarly journals Automatic control of the effluent turbidity from a chemically enhanced primary treatment with microsieving

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1770-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Väänänen ◽  
S. Memet ◽  
T. Günther ◽  
M. Lilja ◽  
M. Cimbritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Automation And Control ◽  
Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment

For chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) with microsieving, a feedback proportional integral controller combined with a feedforward compensator was used in large pilot scale to control effluent water turbidity to desired set points. The effluent water turbidity from the microsieve was maintained at various set points in the range 12–80 NTU basically independent for a number of studied variations in influent flow rate and influent wastewater compositions. Effluent turbidity was highly correlated with effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD). Thus, for CEPT based on microsieving, controlling the removal of COD was possible. Thereby incoming carbon can be optimally distributed between biological nitrogen removal and anaerobic digestion for biogas production. The presented method is based on common automation and control strategies; therefore fine tuning and optimization for specific requirements are simplified compared to model-based dosing control.

Enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency in a dyestuff wastewater treatment plant with the IFFAS process: the pilot-scale and full-scale studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Mao ◽  
Xie Quan ◽  
Huimin Zhao ◽  
Yaobin Zhang ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Dyestuff Wastewater

Abstract The activated sludge (AS) process is widely applied in dyestuff wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs); however, the nitrogen removal efficiency is relatively low and the effluent does not meet the indirect discharge standards before being discharged into the industrial park's WWTP. Hence it is necessary to upgrade the WWTP with more advanced technologies. Moving bed biofilm processes with suspended carriers in an aerobic tank are promising methods due to enhanced nitrification and denitrification. Herein, a pilot-scale integrated free-floating biofilm and activated sludge (IFFAS) process was employed to investigate the feasibility of enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The results showed that the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrate (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of the IFFAS process were significantly lower than those of the AS process, and could meet the indirect discharge standards. PCR-DGGE and FISH results indicated that more nitrifiers and denitrifiers co-existed in the IFFAS system, promoting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Based on the pilot results, the IFFAS process was used to upgrade the full-scale AS process, and the effluent COD, NH4+-N and TN of the IFFAS process were 91–291 mg/L, 10.6–28.7 mg/L and 18.9–48.6 mg/L, stably meeting the indirect discharge standards and demonstrating the advantages of IFFAS in dyestuff wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Post-treatment of tannery wastewater using pilot scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (polishing)

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 988-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadesse Alemu ◽  
Andualem Mekonnen ◽  
Seyoum Leta
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow ◽  
Pollutants Removal

Abstract In the present study, a pilot scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW) system planted with Phragmites karka; longitudinal profile was studied. The wetland was fed with tannery wastewater, pretreated in a two-stage anaerobic digester followed by a sequence batch reactor. Samples from each CW were taken and analyzed using standard methods. The removal efficiency of the CW system in terms of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Cr and total coliforms were 91.3%, 90%, 97.3% and 99%, respectively. The removal efficiency for TN, NO3− and NH4+-N were 77.7%, 66.3% and 67.7%, respectively. Similarly, the removal efficiency of SO42−, S2− and total suspended solids (TSS) were 71.8%, 88.7% and 81.2%, respectively. The concentration of COD, BOD, TN, NO3−N, NH4+-N, SO42 and S2− in the final treated effluent were 113.2 ± 52, 56 ± 18, 49.3 ± 13, 22.75 ± 20, 17.1 ± 6.75, 88 ± 120 and 0.4 ± 0.44 mg/L, respectively. Pollutants removal was decreased in the first 12 m and increased along the CW cells. P. karka development in the first cell of CW was poor, small in size and experiencing chlorosis, but clogging was higher in this area due to high organic matter settling, causing a partial surface flow. The performance of the pilot CW as a tertiary treatment showed that the effluent meets the permissible discharge standards.

scholarly journals Innovative Effluent Capture and Evacuation Device that Increases COD Removal Efficiency in Subsurface Flow Wetlands

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cisterna-Osorio ◽  
Verónica Lazcano-Castro ◽  
Gisela Silva-Vasquez ◽  
Mauricio Llanos-Baeza ◽  
Ignacio Fuentes-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Discharge Device ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Real Scale ◽  
Conventional Device

The objective of this work is to evaluate the impact of innovative modifications made to conventional effluent capture and discharge devices used in subsurface flow wetlands (SSFW). The main modifications that have been developed extend the influence of the capture and discharge device in such a way that the SSFW width and height are fully covered. This improved innovative device was applied and evaluated in two subsurface flow wetlands, one on a pilot scale and one on a real scale. To evaluate the impact of the innovative device with respect to the conventional one in the operational functioning of subsurface flow wetlands, the elimination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was measured and compared. The results show that for the innovative device, the COD removal was 10% higher than for the conventional device, confirming the validity and effectiveness of the modifications implemented in the effluent capture and discharge devices used in SSFW.

Effect of selective organic fractions on denitrification rates using Salsnes Filter as primary treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1942-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Razafimanantsoa ◽  
L. Ydstebø ◽  
T. Bilstad ◽  
A. K. Sahu ◽  
B. Rusten
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Organic Fractions ◽  
Removal Processes

The purpose of this project was to investigate the effect of selective particle removal during primary treatment on downstream biological nutrient removal processes. Bench-scale Salsnes Filter fine mesh sieves were used as a primary treatment to obtain different organic fractions to test the effect on denitrification. Activated sludge and moving bed biofilm reactor anoxic tests were performed on municipal wastewater collected from two full-scale wastewater treatment plants located around the Oslo region (Norway). About 43% of the suspended solids in the wastewater was less than 18 μm, and 14% was between 18 and 150 μm. The effect of particulate chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal on denitrification rates was very minor.

Study on Chemical Enhanced Primary Treatment of Sewage

2013 ◽  
Vol 464 ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Jun Hong Luo ◽  
Chong Hao Huang ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment

Chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) process have advantages of low pollution load and low costs, it can greatly improve the removal efficiency of organic matter by primary treatment , so the process has been studied widely and intensively. In this thesis, the mechanism, coagulant type, dosage and precipitation time were studied.

Treatment of petrochemical secondary effluent by an up-flow biological aerated filter (BAF)

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2031-2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Y. Fu ◽  
C. Y. Wu ◽  
Y. X. Zhou ◽  
J. E. Zuo ◽  
Y. Ding
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
Final Effluent

In this study, petrochemical secondary effluent was treated by a 55 cm diameter pilot-scale biological aerated filter (BAF) with a media depth of 220 cm. Volcanic rock grains were filled as the BAF media. Median removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was 29.35 and 57.98%, respectively. Moreover, the removal profile of the COD, NH3-N, total nitrogen and total organic carbon demonstrated that the filter height of 140 cm made up to 90% of the total removal efficiency of the final effluent. By gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, removal efficiencies of 2-chloromethyl-1,3-dioxolane, and benzonitrile, indene and naphthalene were obtained, ranging from 30.12 to 63.01%. The biomass and microbial activity of the microorganisms on the filter media were in general reduced with increasing filter height, which is consistent with the removal profile of the contaminants. The detected genera Defluviicoccus, Betaproteobacteria_unclassified and the Blastocatella constituted 1.86–6.75% of the identified gene, enhancing the COD and nitrogen removal in BAF for treating petrochemical secondary effluent.

scholarly journals Effect of filter media thickness on the performance of sand drying beds used for faecal sludge management

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2795-2806
Author(s):  
M. Manga ◽  
B. E. Evans ◽  
M. A. Camargo-Valero ◽  
N. J. Horan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Faecal Sludge

The effect of sand filter media thickness on the performance of faecal sludge (FS) drying beds was determined in terms of: dewatering time, contaminant load removal efficiency, solids generation rate, nutrient content and helminth eggs viability in the dried sludge. A mixture of ventilated improved pit latrine sludge and septage in the ratio 1:2 was dewatered using three pilot-scale sludge drying beds with sand media thicknesses of 150, 250 and 350 mm. Five dewatering cycles were conducted and monitored for each drying bed. Although the 150 mm filter had the shortest average dewatering time of 3.65 days followed by 250 mm and 350 mm filters with 3.83 and 4.02 days, respectively, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) attributable to filter media thickness configurations. However, there was a significant difference for the percolate contaminant loads in the removal and recovery efficiency of suspended solids, total solids, total volatile solids, nitrogen species, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand, with the highest removal efficiency for each parameter achieved by the 350 mm filter. There were also significant differences in the nutrient content (NPK) and helminth eggs viability of the solids generated by the tested filters. Filtering media configurations similar to 350 mm have the greatest potential for optimising nutrient recovery from FS.

scholarly journals Comparison of hybrid membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR)/suspended growth and conventional biological nutrient removal processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418-1428
Author(s):  
Avery L. Carlson ◽  
Huanqi He ◽  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Glen T. Daigger
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Total Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Tin Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Abstract Mathematical modelling was used to investigate the possibility to use membrane aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs) in a largely anoxic suspended growth bioreactor to produce the nitrate-nitrogen required for heterotrophic denitrification and the growth of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs). The results indicate that such a process can be used to achieve a variety of process objectives. The capture of influent biodegradable organic matter while also achieving significant total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal can be achieved with or without use of primary treatment by operation at a relatively short suspended growth solids residence time (SRT). Low effluent TIN concentrations can also be achieved, irrespective of the influent wastewater chemical oxygen demand (COD)/total nitrogen (TN) ratio, with somewhat larger suspended growth SRT. Biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal can also be effectively achieved. Further experimental work is needed to confirm these modelling results.

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