Highly efficient enhancement of municipal sludge dewaterability using persulfate activation with nZVI/HA
Abstract This study presents a sulfate radical-based oxidation method for improving municipal sludge dewaterability by combining persulfate and nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on humic acid (nZVI/HA-PS). Sludge dewaterability using persulfate activation with nZVI/HA was assessed for specific resistance to filterability (SRF), time to filter (TTF), settling volume percentage (SV30) and water content (Wc). The influencing factors, such as mass ratios of nZVI to HA, initial pH, PS dosage and nZVI/HA nanocomposite dosage, were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the SRF reduction efficiency of the sludge reached 86.47% using initial concentrations of 1.2 mmol/gVSS PS and 300 mg/L nZVI/HA. The soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of sludge supernatants increased from 79 mg/L to 710 mg/L under optimum conditioning, indicating that sludge flocs were effectively decomposed. Economic analysis demonstrated that the nZVI/HA-PS conditioning process is a potential method for improving sludge dewaterability.