The Prognostic and Predictive Value of microRNAs in Patients with H. pylori-positive Gastric Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (39) ◽  
pp. 4639-4645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh ◽  
Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
Maryam Ghandehari ◽  
Fatemeh Goldani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressors ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
World Population ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Control Gene Expression ◽  
The World ◽  
H Pylori

Gastric cancer (GC) has a high mortality rate with a poor 5-year survival. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is present as part of the normal flora of stomach. It is found in the gastric mucosa of more than half of the world population. This bacterium is involved in developing H. pylori-induced GC due to the regulation of different micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA or miR). miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs and are recognized as prognostic biomarkers for GC that may control gene expression. miRNAs may function as tumor suppressors, or oncogenes. In this review, we evaluated studies that investigated the ectopic expression of miRNAs in the prognosis of H. pylori positive and negative GC.

scholarly journals Coilin enhances phosphorylation and stability of DGCR8 and promotes miRNA biogenesis

2021 ◽  
pp. mbc.E21-05-0225
Author(s):  
Katheryn E. Lett ◽  
Madelyn K. Logan ◽  
Douglas M. McLaurin ◽  
Michael D. Hebert
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Mature Mirnas ◽  
Cajal Body ◽  
Mirna Biogenesis ◽  
Regulatory Interaction ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Control Gene Expression ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Posttranscriptional Level

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ∼22 nt small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression at the posttranscriptional level through translational inhibition and destabilization of their target mRNAs. The biogenesis of miRNAs involves a series of processing steps beginning with cropping of the primary miRNA transcript by the Microprocessor complex, which is comprised of Drosha and DGCR8. Here we report a novel regulatory interaction between the Microprocessor components and coilin, the Cajal Body (CB) marker protein. Coilin knockdown causes alterations in the level of primary and mature miRNAs, let-7a and miR-34a, and their miRNA targets, HMGA2 and Notch1, respectively. We also found that coilin knockdown affects the levels of DGCR8 and Drosha in cells with (HeLa) and without (WI-38) CBs. To further explore the role of coilin in miRNA biogenesis, we conducted a series of co-immunoprecipitation experiments using coilin and DGCR8 constructs, which revealed that coilin and DGCR8 can form a complex. Additionally, our results indicate that phosphorylation of DGCR8, which has been shown to increase protein stability, is impacted by coilin knockdown. Collectively, our results implicate coilin as a member of the regulatory network governing miRNA biogenesis.

scholarly journals RESISTANCE TO AMOXICILLIN, CLARITHROMYCIN AND CIPROFLOXACIN OF Helicobacter pylori ISOLATED FROM SOUTHERN BRAZIL PATIENTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Ulrich Picoli ◽  
Luiz Edmundo Mazzoleni ◽  
Heriberto Fernández ◽  
Laura Renata De Bona ◽  
Erli Neuhauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
British Society ◽  
World Population ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
First Line ◽  
The World ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
H Pylori

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a bacteria which infects half the world population and is an important cause of gastric cancer. The eradication therapy is not always effective because resistance to antimicrobials may occur. The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility profile of H. pylori to amoxicillin, clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin in the population of Southern Brazil. Material and methods: Fifty four samples of H. pylori were evaluated. The antibiotics susceptibility was determined according to the guidelines of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy and the Comité de l'Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie. Results: Six (11.1%) H. pylori isolates were resistant to clarithromycin, one (1.9%) to amoxicillin and three (5.5%) to ciprofloxacin. These indices of resistance are considered satisfactory and show that all of these antibiotics can be used in the empirical therapy. Conclusion: The antibiotics amoxicillin and clarithromycin are still a good option for first line anti-H. pylori treatment in the population of Southern Brazil.

scholarly journals Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Gastric Cancer: Is It Our National Problem?

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Shahjadul Alam ◽  
Abu Mohammad Khaled Iqbal ◽  
Md Monoar Hossain ◽  
Abu Mohammad Kawser Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Large Body ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Common ◽  
H Pylori

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In Bangladesh it ranks a leading position among the cancers patients. A large body of evidence supports a causal role of Helicobacter pylori in the majority of gastric malignancies. Scientists throughout the world explored and reached to the understanding about the pathogenesis of their relationship, but much remains to be learned. Moreover, because of the high prevalence of infection, the lack of definitive trials, and the challenges of H. pylori treatment, there remains a debate regarding the consensus on the role of routine screening and treatment of this infection to prevent cancer. This article reviews the current knowledge on H. pylori and its role for gastric cancer, present status of Bangladesh and a recommendation for reduction of the infectivity among the common population.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(2): 70-76

A comprehensive review on the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in gastric cancer development and progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Piatto Clerici ◽  
Patrícia Fernandes de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Erica Mie Akagi ◽  
Helon Guimarães Cordeiro ◽  
Jordana Maria Azevedo-Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressors ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatases ◽  
Protein Tyrosine ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract The main post-translational reversible modulation of proteins is phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, catalyzed by protein kinases (PKs) and protein phosphatases (PPs) which is crucial for homeostasis. Imbalance in this crosstalk can be related to diseases, including cancer. Plenty of evidence indicates that protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) can act as tumor suppressors and tumor promoters. In gastric cancer (GC), there is a lack of understanding of the molecular aspects behind the tumoral onset and progression. Here we describe several members of the PTP family related to gastric carcinogenesis. We discuss the associated molecular mechanisms which support the down or up modulation of different PTPs. We emphasize the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) virulence which is in part associated with the activation of PTP receptors. We also explore the involvement of intracellular redox state in response to H. pylori infection. In addition, some PTP members are under influence by genetic mutations, epigenetics mechanisms, and miRNA modulation. The understanding of multiple aspects of PTPs in GC may provide new targets and perspectives on drug development.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Rapid Urease Diagnostic Test in Diagnosing Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Patients with Dyspepsia in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Hasan Maulahela ◽  
Ari Fahrial Syam ◽  
Murdani Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
World Population ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
The World ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Histopathology Examination

Background: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most important infectious agents in the world. These bacteria infect 50% of the world population. Gastritis due to H. Pylori has been associated with the incidence of peptic ulcer, B cell primary lymphoma in the stomach, and gastric carcinoma. In dyspepsia, eradication of H. Pylori helps symptoms improvement and treatment cost efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate urease test in diagnosing H. Pylori infection in dyspepsia patients. It is expected that we could obtain a scientific evidence which can become the basis of routine use of urease examination in diagnosing H. Pylori  infection.Method: This study used diagnostic study design. This study was performed in adult dyspepsia patients who underwent endoscopy examination in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Centre Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital in January – November 2018. One biopsy sample was intended for rapid urease test using Helicotec which was performed according to the standard procedure and was interpreted 2 hours later. Biopsy for histopathological examination was preserved in formalin solution and sent to Histopathology Department for analysis and identification of H. Pylori bacteria. Results: Prevalence of H. pylori infection based on histopathology examination was 7.2%. From seven positive results in histopathology examination, four samples were Helocitec positive. The sensitivity and specificity of Helicotec was 57.1% and 98.9%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 80% and 96.7%. Conclusion: Rapid urease examination using Helicotec is one of H. pylori diagnostic tools that is good enough to diagnose faster and cheaper. Interpretation of rapid urease test also need to consider clinical condition of patients who are tested.

scholarly journals Dysregulation of lncRNA in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Leila Yousefi ◽  
Hamid Owaysee Osquee ◽  
Reza Ghotaslou ◽  
Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee ◽  
Tahereh Pirzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common cause of gastric cancer (GC). This microorganism is genetically diverse; GC is caused by several genetic deregulations in addition to environmental factors and bacterial virulence factors. lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) are significant biological macromolecules in GC, have specific functions in diseases, and could be therapeutic targets. Altered lncRNAs can lead to the abnormal expression of adjacent protein-coding genes, which may be important in cancer development. Their mechanisms have not been well understood, so we are going to investigate the risk of GC in a population with both high lncRNA and H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Paradigm shift in the management of patients with H. pylori infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
A. A. Tryapyshko ◽  
N. N. Dekhnich
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
H Pylori

pylori infection is widespread throughout the world. It causes chronic progressive stomach disease and is associated with conditions such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. H. pylori-associated gastritis is an infectious disease. The main route of transmission is intra-familial. The new strategy of “screening and treating all family members” in regions with a high prevalence of H. pylori, including Russia, is cost-effective and aimed at reducing the risk of infection spreading in the population, progression of changes in the gastric mucosa and the occurrence of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori infection and serum magnesium in kidney disease; current concepts

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e11-e11
Author(s):  
Banafsheh Yalameha ◽  
Parto Nasri
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
World Population ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
H Pylori

One of the problems of renal disease patients, especially patients undergoing dialysis, is gastrointestinal complications caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori has still high prevalence in most populations. It is estimated that about half of the world population is infected with this infection and it can change levels of most micronutrients such as magnesium. Different studies demonstrate that H. pylori may affect the metabolism of magnesium in renal failure. The present paper investigated the association of serum magnesium level with H. pylori infection. Nevertheless, it should be more evaluated by researchers and still many studies are necessary to confirm this issue.

Role of vitamin C in gastric cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takalkar U Vidyadhar
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
H Pylori

Gastric cancer is a multifactorial disease with complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infestation has been identified as the most important etiological agent in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Also, the role of dietary factors that is low consumption of fruits and vegetables have been found to be associated with gastric cancer. Among the dietary factors, antioxidants especially vitamin C has been found to confer the strongest protection against gastric cancer. Its anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic action has been suggested in vitro. Because of its antioxidant activity, it protects cells against oxidative DNA damage caused by toxic effects of reactive oxygen species. It also inhibits production of carcinogenic N-nitroso compound in the stomach. The person with H. pylori infection has low levels of vitamin C in their gastric juice and levels of vitamin C normalizes on eradication of H. pylori. Vitamin C levels are high in gastric mucosa and gastric juice, sometimes more than that of in plasma. But gastric pathological conditions cause lowered secretion of vitamin C into gastric juice. Effect of H. pylori on vitamin C in gastric juice is reversible and on eradication of H. pylori, it returns to normal level. Hence, eradication of H. pylori and chemoprevention with antioxidant supplementation will be an effective preventive strategy to reduce the incidence of gastric cancer and related mortality. Vitamin C and gastric cancer is an area of potential interest for researchers as a preventive measure. Keywords: Vitamin C, H. pylori, gastric cancer.

TLR1 and PRKAA1 Gene Polymorphisms in the Development of Atrophic Gastritis and Gastric Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintare Dargiene ◽  
Greta Streleckiene ◽  
Jurgita Skieceviciene ◽  
Marcis Leja ◽  
Alexander Link ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Infection Susceptibility ◽  
H Pylori

Background & Aims: Previous genome-wide association studies showed that genetic polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and protein kinase AMP-activated alpha 1 catalytic subunit (PRKAA1) genes were associated with gastric cancer (GC) or increased Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection susceptibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between TLR1 and PRKAA1 genes polymorphisms and H.pylori infection, atrophic gastritis (AG) or GC in the European population.Methods: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analysed in 511 controls, 340 AG patients and 327 GC patients. TLR1 C>T (rs4833095) and PRKAA1 C>T (rs13361707) were genotyped by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. H. pylori status was determined by testing for anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies in the serum.Results: The study included 697 (59.2%) H. pylori positive and 481 (40.8%) H. pylori negative cases. We observed similar distribution of TLR1 and PRKAA1 alleles and genotypes in H. pylori positive and negative cases. TLR1 and PRKAA1 SNPs were not linked with the risk of AG. TC genotype of TLR1 gene was more prevalent in GC patients compared to the control group (29.7% and 22.3% respectively, p=0.002). Carriers of TC genotype had a higher risk of GC (aOR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.26–2.83, p=0.002). A similar association was observed in a dominant inheritance model for TLR1 gene SNP, where comparison of CC+TC vs. TT genotypes showed an increased risk of GC (aOR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.26–2.75, p=0.002). No association between genetic polymorphism in PRKAA1 gene and GC was observed.Conclusions: TLR1 rs4833095 SNP was associated with an increased risk of GC in a European population, while PRKAA1 rs13361707 genetic variant was not linked with GC. Both genetic polymorphisms were not associated with H. pylori infection susceptibility or the risk of AG.

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