A Review of Saurauia roxburghii Wall. (Actinidiacaea) as a Traditional Medicinal Plant, Its Phytochemical Study and Therapeutic Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 2036-2051
Author(s):  
Afsana Nahrin ◽  
Md. Junaid ◽  
Syeda Samira Afrose ◽  
Muhammad Shaiful Alam ◽  
S.M. Zahid Hosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Corosolic Acid

Saurauia roxburghii Wall. is an interesting plant, found growing chiefly along the eastern and south-eastern countries of Asia. The various ethnic groups of these regions use the plant as a medication for relieving a wide spectrum of diseases and conditions, including indigestion, boils, fever, gout, piles, eczema, asthma, ulcers, bronchitis, epilepsy, and hepatitis B. This review aims to appraise the vernacular information, botanical characterization, geographical distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of S. roxburghii as well as to conduct a critical analysis on the findings. To understand the therapeutic potential and provide an overall idea about the ethnomedicinal practices, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of S. roxburghii, relevant information was collected via a library and electronic search of online journals, books, and reputed databases. Phytochemical examination revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, O-glycosides, flavonoids, carbohydrates, saponins, steroids, reducing sugars, tannins, phlobatannins, and triterpenoids. The sterols were identified as Stigmasterol and beta-Sitosterol. The triterpenes were found to be Ursolic acid, Corosolic acid, Maslinic acid, 24-Hydroxy corosolic acid, 3b,7b,24-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid, Oleanolic acid, beta-Amyrin, cis-3-O-p-Hydroxycinnamoyl ursolic acid, trans-3-O-p- Hydroxycinnamoyl ursolic acid, and 7,24-dihydroxyursolic acid. Several in-vivo and in-vitro tests revealed anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-viral activities of the plant leaves. Detailed analysis of the information collected on S. roxburghii suggested some promising leads for future drug development. However, many scientific gaps were found in the study of this and further extensive investigation is needed to fully understand the mechanism of action of the active constituents and exploit its therapeutic promises.

Chyavanprash: Choice of Drug for immunity boosting and health supplements during COVID -19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1346-1350
Author(s):  
Bharat Rathi ◽  
Renu Rathi ◽  
Vinod Ade ◽  
Akshay Pargaonkar
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Common People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Made In ◽  
Health Supplements

Chyavanprash a known Ayurvedic formulation formulated by sage Chyavan to impart youth, charm, strength & prolonged life. It is very much valued for possessing numerous health benefits with respect to the preventive, curative and promotive aspects of health. Chyavanprash can be consumed throughout the year. Several scientific evidences support its wholesome and safe healthy tonic status that is favorable for all age groups and genders alike. In modern days, it has gained mammoth popularity throughout the world. CP is prepared with Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) as a prime drug with other nutrient rich herbs help to preserve stamina, strength and vitality. Various pre clinical (in vivo & in vitro), Experimental, Analytical and clinical studies conducted on CP and its individual components revealed its various pharmacological activities most of which are suggestive of immunity enhancer and health supplements. Hence an attempt is made in the present paper to find out and explore the scientific evidences based on therapeutic potential of CP with respect to immunity and health supplements and make evidences available to the common people to combat the COVID-19 menace effectively.

scholarly journals Imperata cylindrica: A Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Industrial Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1454
Author(s):  
Young-Kyung Jung ◽  
Dongyun Shin
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

Imperata cylindrica is a medicinal plant native to southwestern Asia and the tropical and subtropical zones. To date, 72 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from I. cylindrica Among these compounds, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and glycosides are the major constituents. Investigations of pharmacological activities of I. cylindrica revealed that this edible medicinal herb exhibits a wide range of therapeutic potential including immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and liver protection activities both in vivo and in vitro. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of I. cylindrica studies until 2019. This article also intends to review advances in the botanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological studies and industrial applications of I. cylindrica, which will provide a useful bibliography for further investigations and applications of I. cylindrica in medicines and foods.

scholarly journals Fluorescent Polyelectrolyte System to Track Anthocyanins Delivery inside Melanoma Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Raluca Ghiman ◽  
Madalina Nistor ◽  
Monica Focșan ◽  
Adela Pintea ◽  
Simion Aștilean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Rhodamine B Isothiocyanate

Over the past decades, there has been a growing interest in using natural molecules with therapeutic potential for biomedical applications. In this context, our aim is focused on anthocyanins (AN) as molecules with anticancer properties that could be used in melanoma local therapies. Due to their susceptibility to environmental changes, current study is based on the design and development of a fluorescent system for carrying and trafficking AN inside melanoma cells. The architectural structure of the proposed system CaCO3(PAH)@RBITC@AN reflects a spherical shape, 1080 nm diameter and a solid groundwork CaCO3(PAH), on which rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RBITC) fluorophore was firstly added; then, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) polyelectrolytes and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) were successfully deposited. Purified AN from chokeberries were entrapped between PAA layers (rate of 94.6%). In vitro tests confirmed that CaCO3(PAH)@RBITC@AN does not affect the proliferation of melanoma B16-F10 cells and proved that their internalization and trafficking can be followed after 24 h of treatment. Data presented here could contribute not only to the existing knowledge about the encapsulation technology of AN but also might bring relevant information for a novel formula to deliver therapeutic molecules or other bio-imaging agents directly into melanoma cells, a strategy that could positively improve tumor therapies.

scholarly journals Chemistry and Pharmacology of Tinospora cordifolia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika Singh ◽  
Prabir K Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Aliphatic Compounds ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Medicinal Use

Tinospora cordifolia (Menispermaceae) is an Ayurvedic medicinal plant distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and China. The whole plant is used in folk and the Ayurvedic system of medicine alone and in combination with other plants. Due to its commercial importance, T. cordifolia has been of intense research interest for the last four decades with the isolation of diverse compounds such as alkaloids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, phenolics, steroids, aliphatic compounds and polysaccharides, along with the discovery of a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties like immunomodulation, anticancer, hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic. Although pharmacological activities of extracts and compounds of T. cordifolia have been studied both in vitro and in vivo, only few mechanisms of action have been explored and need further elaboration. In the present review, the pharmacological activities of compounds and different extracts of T. cordifolia are highlighted, along with those of the marketed products, showing the relevance of phytochemicals and the standardization of the marketed products for medicinal use. This compilation of the extensive literature of T. cordifolia here will be a referral point for clinical study and the development of standardized phytomedicines in healthcare.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Exopolysaccharides from Phormidium sp. ETS05, the Most Abundant Cyanobacterium of the Therapeutic Euganean Thermal Muds, Using the Zebrafish Model

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Margherita Zampieri ◽  
Alessandra Adessi ◽  
Fabrizio Caldara ◽  
Alessia Codato ◽  
Mattia Furlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Transgenic Zebrafish ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The Euganean Thermal District (Italy) represents the oldest and largest thermal center in Europe, and its therapeutic mud is considered a unique product whose beneficial effects have been documented since Ancient Roman times. Mud properties depend on the heat and electrolytes of the thermal water, as well as on the bioactive molecules produced by its biotic component, mainly represented by cyanobacteria. The investigation of the healing effects of compounds produced by the Euganean cyanobacteria represents an important goal for scientific validation of Euganean mud therapies and for the discovering of new health beneficial biomolecules. In this work, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Phormidium sp. ETS05, the most abundant cyanobacterium of the Euganean mud. Specifically, Phormidium EPS resulted in exerting anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution activities in chemical and injury-induced zebrafish inflammation models as demonstrated using specific transgenic zebrafish lines and morphometric and expression analyses. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro tests showed no toxicity at all for the EPS concentrations tested. The results suggest that these EPS, with their combined anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution activities, could be one of the most important therapeutic molecules present in the Euganean mud and confirm the potential of these treatments for chronic inflammatory disease recovery.

scholarly journals Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology ofOlea europaea(Olive)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali Hashmi ◽  
Afsar Khan ◽  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Umar Farooq ◽  
Shagufta Perveen
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Benzoic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Available Information

Aim of the Review.To grasp the fragmented information available on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology ofOlea europaeato explore its therapeutic potential and future research opportunities.Material and Methods.All the available information onO. europaeawas collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, Scirus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) and a library search.Results.Ethnomedical uses ofO. europaeaare recorded throughout the world where it has been used to treat various ailments. Phytochemical research had led to the isolation of flavonoids, secoiridoids, iridoids, flavanones, biophenols, triterpenes, benzoic acid derivatives, isochromans, and other classes of secondary metabolites fromO. europaea. The plant materials and isolated components have shown a wide spectrum ofin vitroandin vivopharmacological activities like antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antiviral, antihypertensive, anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antinociceptive, gastroprotective, and wound healing activities.Conclusions. O. europaeaemerged as a good source of traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The outcomes of phytochemical and pharmacological studies reported in this review will further expand its existing therapeutic potential and provide a convincing support to its future clinical use in modern medicine.

scholarly journals Progress in the Medicinal Value, Bioactive Compounds, and Pharmacological Activities of Gynostemma pentaphyllum

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6249
Author(s):  
Chao Su ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Ruru Ren ◽  
Yingli Wang ◽  
Xiaojuan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Gynostemma Pentaphyllum ◽  
Parkinson’S Diseases

Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GP), also named Jiaogulan in Chinese, was known to people for its function in both health care and disease treatment. Initially and traditionally, GP was a kind of tea consumed by people for its pleasant taste and weight loss efficacy. With the passing of the centuries, GP became well known as more than just a tea. Until now, numbers of bioactive compounds, including saponins (also named gypenosides, GPS), polysaccharides (GPP), flavonoids, and phytosterols were isolated and identified in GP, which implied the great medicinal worth of this unusual tea. Both in vivo and in vitro tests, ranging from different cell lines to animals, indicated that GP possessed various biological activities including anti-cancer, anti-atherogenic, anti-dementia, and anti-Parkinson’s diseases, and it also had lipid-regulating effects as well as neuroprotection, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic properties. With the further development and utilization of GP, the research on the chemical constituents and pharmacological properties of GP were deepening day by day and had made great progress. In this review, the recent research progress in the bioactive compounds, especially gypenosides, and the pharmacological activities of GP were summarized, which will be quite useful for practical applications of GP in the treatment of human diseases.

scholarly journals Continuous and controllable electro-fabrication of antimicrobial copper-alginate dressing for infected wounds treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijia Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Miao Lei ◽  
Junjie Sun ◽  
Xue Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Wound Treatment ◽  
Infected Wound

AbstractThe contamination of chronic wound with bacteria especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered as the major factor interferencing normal wound healing. There still remain great challenges in developing safe and effective wound dressings with wide-spectrum antibacterial functions. Alginate hydrogel is a common dressing for wound treatment. Copper is one of the trace elements in human body with inherent antibacterial activity. Traditional methods for preparing a structure-controlled copper-alginate antibacterial matrix are difficult however, due to the fast and uncontrolled gelation between alginate and metal ions. In this work, we report an electrodeposition method for rapid fabrication of copper cross-linked alginate antibacterial films (Cu2+-Alg) with controlled structure and copper content, which is relied on an electrical signal controlled release of copper ions from the reaction of insoluble salt Cu2(OH)2CO3 and the generated protons via water electrolysis on anode. The results prove that the physical structure and chemical composition of the electrodeposited Cu2+-Alg films can be continuously modulated by the imposed charges during electrodeposition. In vitro tests demonstrate the film has Cu2+ content-dependent bactericidal activities. Film’s cytocompatibility is well controlled by the imposed charges for Cu2+-Alg fabrication. The MRSA infected wound model in vivo also indicates that Cu2+-Alg film can effectively eliminate bacterial infection and suppress host inflammatory responses. We believe this study demonstrates a convenient and controllable strategy to fabricate alginate antibacterial dressings with potential applications for infected wound treatment. More broadly, our work reveals electrodeposition is a general and simple platform to design alginate films with versatile functions.

Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Smilax glabra: An Important Traditional Chinese Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (02) ◽  
pp. 261-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyao Hua ◽  
Yiwei Zhang ◽  
Jiayue Liu ◽  
Lin Dong ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Pharmacological Activities

Smilax glabra (SG) Roxb., a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has been extensively used worldwide for its marked pharmacological activities for treating syphilitic poisoned sores, limb hypertonicity, morbid leucorrhea, eczema pruritus, strangury due to heat, carbuncle toxin, and many other human ailments. Approximately 200 chemical compounds have been isolated from SG Roxb., and the major components have been determined to be flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides, phenolic acids, and steroids. Among these active compounds, the effects of astilbin, which is used as a quality control marker to determine the quality of SG Roxb., have been widely investigated. Based on in vivo and in vitro studies, the primary active components of SG Roxb. possess various pharmacological activities, such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antibacterial, and cardiovascular system protective activities. However, an extensive study to determine the relationship between the chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of SG Roxb. has not been conducted and is worth of our study. Improving the means of utilizing the effects of SG is crucial. The present paper reviews the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of SG Roxb. and assesses its ethnopharmacological use in order to explore its therapeutic potential for future research.

Comparison of High Purity Factor IX Concentrates and a Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in a Canine Model of Thrombogenicity

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 609-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
I R MacGregor ◽  
J M Ferguson ◽  
L F McLaughlin ◽  
T Burnouf ◽  
C V Prowse
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Albumin Infusion

SummaryA non-stasis canine model of thrombogenicity has been used to evaluate batches of high purity factor IX concentrates from 4 manufacturers and a conventional prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC). Platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen, fibrin(ogen) degradation products and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) were monitored before and after infusion of concentrate. Changes in FPA were found to be the most sensitive and reproducible indicator of thrombogenicity after infusion of batches of the PCC at doses of between 60 and 180 IU/kg, with a dose related delayed increase in FPA occurring. Total FPA generated after 100-120 IU/kg of 3 batches of PCC over the 3 h time course was 9-12 times that generated after albumin infusion. In contrast the amounts of FPA generated after 200 IU/kg of the 4 high purity factor IX products were in all cases similar to albumin infusion. It was noted that some batches of high purity concentrates had short NAPTTs indicating that current in vitro tests for potential thrombogenicity may be misleading in predicting the effects of these concentrates in vivo.

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