Bis-dihydroisoxazolines: Synthesis, Structural Elucidation, Antimicrobial Evaluation, and DNA Photocleavage Assay

Aim and Objective: Isoxazole is an active core found in many drugs. The aim of this work was to synthesize bis-isoxazoline compounds and to analyze the effect of linker chain length on biological activities. Material and Methods: A simple, convenient, and efficient method for the conversion of bischalcones to new bis(4,5-dihydroisoxazole) derivatives was developed by using hydroxylamine hydrochloride under basic medium. Synthesized moieties were also evaluated for their antimicrobial potencies and DNA photocleavage assay. Results and Discussion: The synthesized compounds were more active than their chalcone precursors and the long-chain linkers (4e&4f) were more potent in antimicrobial, as well as in DNA photocleavage activity. Conclusion: It was found that many of the tested bischalcones and bis-isoxazolines exhibited moderate to significant antimicrobial activity against various strains. Furthermore, the present study also provides significant information and interesting outcomes regarding cyclization, increasing the length of linker chains, and their effects on the DNA photocleavage and antimicrobial activities.

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Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Mannich Bases of 4-(Furan-2-yl-methyleneamino)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione

Journal of Nepal Chemical Society ◽

10.3126/jncs.v42i1.35322 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 6-15

Author(s):

Prem Shankar Deo ◽

Rhambus Rawat ◽

Bhushan Shakya

Keyword(s):

Schiff Base ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Mannich Bases ◽

Spectral Techniques ◽

Fungal Strains ◽

Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Pharmacological Application

Triazole nucleus has drawn much attention since the last decade because of its various potent biological activities. The pharmacological application of triazoles has been widely recognized and well documented. Schiff and Mannich bases are both considered as bioactive compounds, however, there are not much of documentation about the Mannich bases as their study has begun lately. The main aim of this study was to synthesize new Mannich bases from Schiff base bearing 1,2,4-triazole nucleus to access their antimicrobial activities. The newly synthesized compounds 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione, Schiff base (4) and Mannich bases (5a & 5b) were characterized by spectral techniques like UV, FT-IR, and NMR. Mannich bases were tested against various bacterial (gm +ve and gm –ve) as well as fungal strains. The synthesized Mannich bases showed good to moderate activities against the tested bacterial and fungal strains.

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Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation and Docking Study of Novel Thiosemicarbazone clubbed with 1,2,3-Triazoles

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407216999200911121853 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Adinath D. Badar ◽

Shubham M. Sulakhe ◽

Mahesh B. Muluk ◽

Naziya N. M. A. Rehman ◽

Prashant P. Dixit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Binding Affinity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Dna Gyrase ◽

Docking Study ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Molecular Docking Study ◽

Triazole Derivatives ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Background: Thiosemicarbazone, 1,2,3-triazole and their derivatives received great pharmaceutical importance due to their prominent biological activities. In the present study, the molecular hybrid thiosemicarbazone-1,2,3-triazoles derivatives were synthesized and screened for their antimicrobial activities. Methods: A series of thiosemicarbazone clubbed with 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized via click chemistry approach in good yields. The structures of synthesized compounds were assigned by their spectral data. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by the agar well diffusion method. A molecular docking study was performed to identify the possible mode of action of synthesized derivatives. Results: The compounds 5d, 5h, 5i and 5k have exhibited excellent antimicrobial activities against both antibacterial and antifungal pathogens. The active thiosemicarbazone-1,2,3-triazole derivatives have shown excellent binding affinity towards DNA gyrase. Conclusion: The molecular hybrid thiosemicarbazone-1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities. Few of the thiosemicarbazone-1,2,3-triazoles derivatives have exhibited good antimicrobial activities. They have been shown excellent binding affinity towards DNA gyrase.

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Impact of Altitudinal Variation on the Phytochemical Profile, Anthelmintic and Antimicrobial Activity of Two Pinus Species

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26113170 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3170

Author(s):

Wafaa M. Elkady ◽

Mariam H. Gonaid ◽

Miriam F. Yousif ◽

Mahmoud El-Sayed ◽

Hind A. N. Omar

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pinus Halepensis ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Pinus Pinea ◽

Active Components ◽

Pinus Species ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

Active components from natural sources are the current focus in most pharmacological research to provide new therapeutic agents for clinical use. Essential oils from the Pinus species have been traditionally used in medicine. This study aimed to investigate the chemical profile of two Pinus species, Pinus halepensis L. and Pinus pinea Mill, from different altitudes in Libya and study the effect of environmental conditions on the biological activities of essential oils. A clevenger apparatus was used to prepare the essential oils by hydrodistillation. Analyses were done using GC/MS. Anthelmintic and antimicrobial activities were tested against the earthworm Allolobophora caliginosa, gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. Different chemical profiles were observed among all tested essential oils, and terpenes were the most dominant class. All studied essential oils from the Pinus species exhibited a remarkable anthelmintic activity compared to the standard piperazine citrate drug. Pinus halepensis from both altitudes showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms, while Pinus pinea was effective against only Escherichia coli. From these findings, one can conclude that there are variations between studied species. The essential oil compositions are affected by environmental factors, which consequently affect the anthelmintic and antimicrobial activity.

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Synthesis and In Vitro Antimicrobial Evaluation of Photoactive Multi—Block Chalcone Conjugate Phthalimide and 1,8-Naphthalimide Novolacs

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13111859 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1859

Author(s):

Periyan Durairaju ◽

Chinnasamy Umarani ◽

Govindasami Periyasami ◽

Perumberkandigai Adikesavan Vivekanand ◽

Mostafizur Rahaman

Keyword(s):

Spectroscopic Analysis ◽

Photophysical Properties ◽

Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽

13C Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Microbial Activities ◽

E Coli ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Antimicrobial Evaluation

Herein we report new multiblock chalcone conjugate phthalimide and naphthalimide functionalized copolymers with a topologically novel architecture synthesis using nucleophilic substitution and polycondensation methodology. The structures of the synthesized novolacs were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic analysis including FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Further, the number-average and weight-average molecular weights of the novolac polymers were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). We examined the solubility of the synthesized polymers in various organic solvents including CHCl3, CH3CN, THF, H2O, CH3OH, DMSO, and DMF and found they are insoluble in both methanol and water. The novolac polymers were evaluated for their photophysical properties and microbial activities. The investigation of the antimicrobial activities of these polymers reveals significant antimicrobial activity against the pathogens E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans, and A. niger.

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Chemical Composition and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Wormwood (Artemisia absinthiumL.) Essential Oils and Phenolics

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2015/804658 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Kamel Msaada ◽

Nidhal Salem ◽

Olfa Bachrouch ◽

Slim Bousselmi ◽

Sonia Tammar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The aim of this study was to determine the chemical variability of wormwood extracts as affected by the growing region. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were also investigated. The essential oil composition variability ofA. absinthiumL. aerial parts collected from four different Tunisian regions was assessed by gas chromatography (GC/FID) and by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In addition, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins as well as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of methanolic extract and essential oils were undertaken. Chromatographic analysis of wormwood essential oils showed the predominance of monoterpene hydrocarbons represented mainly by chamazulene. RP-HPLC analysis of wormwood methanolic extract revealed the predominance of phenolic acids. Antiradical activity was region-dependant and the methanolic extract of Bou Salem region has the strongest activity (CI50=9.38±0.82 µg/mL). Concerning the reducing power, the methanolic extract of Bou Salem, Jérissa, and Boukornine regions was more active than the positive control. Obtained results of antimicrobial activities showed that wormwood essential oil is endowed with important antibacterial activity which was strongly related to the organoleptic quality of oil which appeared strongly region-dependant.A. absinthiumL. EOs investigated are quite interesting from a pharmaceutical standpoint because of their biological activities.

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Synthesis of various fused pyrimidine rings with their pharmacological and antimicrobial evaluation

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc130528016m ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 79 (9) ◽

pp. 1059-1073 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Salem Mounir ◽

Magda Marzouk ◽

Naglaa Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Calculation ◽

Sodium Nitrite ◽

Sodium Azide ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Heat Of Formation ◽

Reaction Conditions ◽

Benzyl Amine ◽

Fukui Indices ◽

Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽

Chloro Derivatives

Various fused pyrimidine such as furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine, triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine, tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine were synthesized from the reactions of thioxopyrimidine-6(1H)-ones with ethyl chloroacetate (under different reaction conditions), thiourea, and sodium nitrite. Pyrimidine thiones reacted with POCl3/PCl5 to give the chloro derivatives which reacted with sodium azide, and thiourea to give the tetrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine, pyrimido pyrimidine. Thioxopyrimidine-6(1H)-ones reacted with benzyl amine to give pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidinethione. Theoretical calculation using MIDO/3, Fukui indices and the heat of formation of some compounds were carried out. The pharmacological and antimicrobial activities of some of the synthesized products were also evaluated.

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Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Cordia Myxa L.: A Review

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315511666210210161803 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Varinder Singh ◽

Ankita Sood ◽

Simran Pruthi ◽

Manjinder Singh ◽

Balraj Saini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Functional Health ◽

Future Research ◽

Health Food ◽

Toxicological Evaluation ◽

Cordia Myxa ◽

Chronic Fever ◽

Tract Infections

Background: Cordia myxa L. (CM) is a valuable ethnomedicinal plant from Boraginaceae family. Traditionally, CM parts especially fruits and leaves are used in chest and urinary tract infections, diarrhoea, dysentery, tuberculosis, liver and spleen disorders, chronic fever, malaria etc. Objective: Despite of known importance and uses, CM has gained relatively less attention of researchers and concise reviews revealing the medicinal potential of CM are scanty. The present review summarizes the chemical constituents and biological activities of CM and aims to stimulate future research to develop it as a functional health food. Results: Analysis of literature on CM showed that its fruits are a rich source of nutrients and are frequently employed in wide ailments such as urinary and respiratory tract infections, chronic fever, liver disorders, asthma, used as anthelmintic, diuretic, expectorant and purgative. Scientific studies have shown the antidiabetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, hepatoprotective, hypotensive, antiulcer and antimicrobial activities of CM. More than 45 compounds belonging to carbohydrates, steroids, carotenoids, phenols, flavonoids and alkaloids have been reported from various parts of CM. Conclusion: Systematic preclinical studies support the traditional claims of CM. The analysis of available literature showed that CM could be developed as a drug. Further, studies such as detailed pharmacological and toxicological evaluation, isolation of bioactive compounds, quantitative phytochemistry and structure activity relationship are scanty and thus, crucial to be addressed for uplifting the scientific value of this revered medicinal plant.

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Antibacterial Effects of Long-Chain Polyphosphates on Selected Spoilage and Pathogenic Bacteria

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-71.7.1401 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 71 (7) ◽

pp. 1401-1405 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

JEREMY A. OBRITSCH ◽

DOJIN RYU ◽

LUCINA E. LAMPILA ◽

LLOYD B. BULLERMAN

Keyword(s):

Food Industry ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Lag Phase ◽

E Coli ◽

Inhibition Of Growth ◽

K 12 ◽

Chain Lengths ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Long Chain

The antimicrobial activities of four long-chain food-grade polyphosphates were studied at concentrations allowed in the food industry (<5,000 ppm) in defined basal media by determining the inhibition of growth of three gram-negative and four gram-positive spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Both generation time and lag phase of Escherichia coli K-12, E. coli O157: H7, and Salmonella Typhimurium were increased with all of the polyphosphates tested. Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus were more sensitive to polyphosphates, but not in all cases, with multiphased growth. The growth of Lactobacillus plantarum was inhibited by polyphosphates at concentrations above 750 ppm, but the lag time of Listeria monocytogenes was shortened by the presence of polyphosphates. No single polyphosphate was maximally inhibitory against all bacteria. Polyphosphates with chain lengths of 12 to 15 were significantly different from those with chain lengths of 18 to 21 depending on the organism and concentrations of polyphosphate used. Overall, higher polyphosphate concentrations resulted in greater inhibition of bacterial growth.

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Antimicrobial Evaluation and Synthesis of Some Phenylpyrazolo benzothiazolo quinoxaline Derivatives

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2009/324358 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 866-870

Author(s):

CH. Sridevi ◽

K. Balaji ◽

A. Naidu ◽

R. Sudhakaran

Keyword(s):

Spectral Data ◽

Aromatic Aldehydes ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Methylene Bridge ◽

Quinoxaline Derivatives ◽

Antimicrobial Evaluation

2,3-Diphenyl quinoxaline(SI)was fused with 2-amino benzothiazoles(SII)by a methylene bridge, which was then allowed for acetylation. The acetylated product (SIV) was made to react with different aromatic aldehydes to give chalcones(SV1-SV5). Chalcones refluxed with substituted acid hydrazides to afford different phenyl pyrazolo benzothiazolo quinoxaline derivatives(SVI1-SVI15). The structure of chalcones and phenyl pyrazolo benzothiazolo quinoxaline derivatives were confirmed by M.P, TLC and spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities.

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New Benzoxazole Derivatives as Antiprotozoal Agents: In Silico Studies, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2021/6631868 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Mohamed A. Abdelgawad ◽

Mohammad M. Al-Sanea ◽

Mohamed A. Zaki ◽

Enas I. A. Mohamed ◽

Shabana I. Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Docking Study ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Molecular Docking Study ◽

Chromatographic Separations ◽

Major Mechanism ◽

In Silico Studies

Background. Benzoxazole derivatives have different biological activities. In pursuit of designing novel chemical entities with antiprotozoal and antimicrobial activities, benzoxazolyl aniline was utilized as a privileged scaffold of a series of (3-benzoxazole-2-yl) phenylamine derivatives, 3-benzoxazoloyl acetamide, and butyramide derivatives. Methods. These novel analogs were synthesized in straightforward simple chemistry without any quantitative chromatographic separations in reasonable yields. The biological evaluation of all target compounds as potential antimalarial, antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal, and antimicrobial agents was performed by various well-established cell-based methods. Results. Compounds 6d and 5a showed promising biological screening data. The amidation of 3-benzoxazolyl aniline 1 with the chloroacetyl functional group resulted in a good antimalarial activity and showed moderate inhibitory activities against leishmanial and trypanosomal spp. Moreover, chloroacetyl functionalization of benzoxazolyl aniline serves as a good early goal for constructing and synthesizing new antimicrobial and antiprotozoal agents. The molecular docking study rationalizes the relative inhibitory activity of compound 5a as an antimalarial agent with the deregulation of PfPNP activity which has emerged as a major mechanism of these targets.

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