Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Cordia Myxa L.: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varinder Singh ◽  
Ankita Sood ◽  
Simran Pruthi ◽  
Manjinder Singh ◽  
Balraj Saini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Cordia Myxa ◽  
Chronic Fever ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Cordia myxa L. (CM) is a valuable ethnomedicinal plant from Boraginaceae family. Traditionally, CM parts especially fruits and leaves are used in chest and urinary tract infections, diarrhoea, dysentery, tuberculosis, liver and spleen disorders, chronic fever, malaria etc. Objective: Despite of known importance and uses, CM has gained relatively less attention of researchers and concise reviews revealing the medicinal potential of CM are scanty. The present review summarizes the chemical constituents and biological activities of CM and aims to stimulate future research to develop it as a functional health food. Results: Analysis of literature on CM showed that its fruits are a rich source of nutrients and are frequently employed in wide ailments such as urinary and respiratory tract infections, chronic fever, liver disorders, asthma, used as anthelmintic, diuretic, expectorant and purgative. Scientific studies have shown the antidiabetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, hepatoprotective, hypotensive, antiulcer and antimicrobial activities of CM. More than 45 compounds belonging to carbohydrates, steroids, carotenoids, phenols, flavonoids and alkaloids have been reported from various parts of CM. Conclusion: Systematic preclinical studies support the traditional claims of CM. The analysis of available literature showed that CM could be developed as a drug. Further, studies such as detailed pharmacological and toxicological evaluation, isolation of bioactive compounds, quantitative phytochemistry and structure activity relationship are scanty and thus, crucial to be addressed for uplifting the scientific value of this revered medicinal plant.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THE GENUS PICRORHIZA (SCROPHULARIACE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
ANJU BHATNAGAR
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Major Chemical

Picrorhiza (family Scrophulariace), commonly known as ‘kukti’ is a small perennial herb found in the Himalayan regions of China, Pakistan, India, Bhutan and Nepal at an altitude of 3000-5200 m. Different plant parts and its extract have traditionally been used as a remedy of various ailments such as fever, asthma, jaundice, anemia, abdominal pain, dysentery, cold, stomach problems. Picrorihza has been investigated for its chemical composition and biological activities by various researchers. The major chemical constituents found in this plant were iridoid glycosides, cucurbitacins (triterpenoids) glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides and phenolics. The Picrorihza has various pharmacological properties, including hepto-protective, antimicrobial, anti-mutagenic, cardio-protective, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. A thorough bibliographic investigation was carried out by analyzing worldwide scientific databases including Pub Med, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Wiley online as well as offline sources. The Present review is aimed to provide an updated overview of traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities of Picrorihza to explore its therapeutic potentials and to provide bases for future research.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Kaempferia Phytochemistry and Biological Activity: A Comprehensive Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elshamy ◽  
Mohamed ◽  
Essa ◽  
Abd-ElGawad ◽  
Alqahtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Plants belonging to the genus Kaempferia (family: Zingiberaceae) are distributed in Asia, especially in the southeast region, and Thailand. They have been widely used in traditional medicines to cure metabolic disorders, inflammation, urinary tract infections, fevers, coughs, hypertension, erectile dysfunction, abdominal and gastrointestinal ailments, asthma, wounds, rheumatism, epilepsy, and skin diseases. Objective: Herein, we reported a comprehensive review, including the traditional applications, biological and pharmacological advances, and phytochemical constituents of Kaempheria species from 1972 up to early 2019. Materials and methods: All the information and reported studies concerning Kaempheria plants were summarized from library and digital databases (e.g., Google Scholar, Sci-finder, PubMed, Springer, Elsevier, MDPI, Web of Science, etc.). The correlation between the Kaempheria species was evaluated via principal component analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), based on the main chemical classes of compounds. Results: Approximately 141 chemical constituents have been isolated and reported from Kaempferia species, such as isopimarane, abietane, labdane and clerodane diterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenyl-heptanoids, curcuminoids, tetrahydropyrano-phenolic, and steroids. A probable biosynthesis pathway for the isopimaradiene skeleton is illustrated. In addition, 15 main documented components of volatile oils of Kaempheria were summarized. Biological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase, antioxidant, anti-obesity-induced dermatopathy, wound healing, neuroprotective, anti-allergenic, and anti-nociceptive were demonstrated. Conclusions: Up to date, significant advances in phytochemical and pharmacological studies of different Kaempheria species have been witnessed. So, the traditional uses of these plants have been clarified via modern in vitro and in vivo biological studies. In addition, these traditional uses and reported biological results could be correlated via the chemical characterization of these plants. All these data will support the biologists in the elucidation of the biological mechanisms of these plants.

scholarly journals A synthesis and review of ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of Antidesma venosum E. Mey. ex Tul. (Phyllanthaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5777-5786
Author(s):  
Alfred Maroyi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethnoveterinary Medicine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Wide Range

Antidesma venosum is an evergreen to semi-deciduous tree used traditionally to treat various human and animal diseases. This review aims to provide an overview and critically analyze the ethnomedical uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of A. venosum. The results of the current study are based on literature survey conducted using various search engines such as Elsevier, Pubmed, Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, and pre-electronic sources such as books, book chapters, scientific journals and other grey literature. The bark, fruit, leaf, root and stem bark decoction or infusion of A. venosum are mainly used for magical rituals, as anthelmintic and ethnoveterinary medicine, and traditional cure for epilepsy, hernia, malaria, skin infections, oral candidiasis, snakebites, sexually transmitted infections, abdominal pains, menstrual problems, respiratory infections, infertility, and gastrointestinal infections. The chemical constituents identified from A. venosum include essential oils, isoquinoline alkaloids, triterpenoids, lactones, phytosterols, saponins, cardiac glycosides, tannins and flavonoids. The species possesses a wide range of biological activities which include antibacterial, antimycobacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antischistosomal, mutagenic and cytotoxicity activities. Antidesma venosum is a valuable medicinal plant species, and future research should focus on animal experiments aimed at assessing toxicity and clinical efficacy of species extracts.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents of leaves Dialium cochinchinense Pierre

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1131-1136
Author(s):  
Vu Thi Huyen ◽  
Doan Thi Thuy Ai ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hien
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
First Report ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

The genus Dialium belongs to the Caesalpinioideae family, consisting of approximately 30 species distributed in the tropical regions. Secondary metabolites from the  Dialium genus have been reported to exhibit various biological activities including antioxidant, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities. This work describes the isolation and characterization of five compounds from the leaves of Dialium cochinchinense Pierre. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis, including MS and NMR spectra. Accordingly, the isolated compounds were identified to be lupeone (1), b-sitostenone (2), β-sitosterol (3), daucosterol (4), and dihydrokaempferide (5). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of compounds 1 and 5 from the genus Dialium.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antifungal, Cytotoxic, Phytotoxic, Insecticidal, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities ofGeranium wallichianum

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ismail ◽  
Javid Hussain ◽  
Arif-ullah Khan ◽  
Abdul Latif Khan ◽  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Varied Degree ◽  
Inhibition Studies

The present study describes the phytochemical investigations of the crude extracts of rhizomes and leaves ofGeranium wallichianum. The crude extracts were fractionated to obtainn-hexane, ethyl acetate, andn-butanol fractions, which were subjected to different biological activities and enzyme inhibition assays to explore the therapeutic potential of this medicinally important herb. The results indicated that the crude extracts and different fractions of rhizomes and leaves showed varied degree of antimicrobial activities and enzyme inhibitions in different assays. Overall, the rhizome extract and its different fractions showed comparatively better activities in various assays. Furthermore, the purified constituents from the repeated chromatographic separations were also subjected to enzyme inhibition studies against three different enzymes. The results of these studies showed that lipoxygenase enzyme was significantly inhibited as compared to urease. In case of chemical constituents, the sterols (2–4) showed no inhibition, while ursolic acid (1) and benzoic ester (6) showed significant inhibition of urease enzymes.

scholarly journals Ficus caricaL. (Moraceae): Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Biological Activities

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shukranul Mawa ◽  
Khairana Husain ◽  
Ibrahim Jantan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

This paper describes the botanical features ofFicus caricaL. (Moraceae), its wide variety of chemical constituents, its use in traditional medicine as remedies for many health problems, and its biological activities. The plant has been used traditionally to treat various ailments such as gastric problems, inflammation, and cancer. Phytochemical studies on the leaves and fruits of the plant have shown that they are rich in phenolics, organic acids, and volatile compounds. However, there is little information on the phytochemicals present in the stem and root. Reports on the biological activities of the plant are mainly on its crude extracts which have been proven to possess many biological activities. Some of the most interesting therapeutic effects include anticancer, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antimicrobial activities. Thus, studies related to identification of the bioactive compounds and correlating them to their biological activities are very useful for further research to explore the potential ofF. caricaas a source of therapeutic agents.

Genus Arisaema: A Review of Traditional Importance, Chemistry and Biological Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 624-648
Author(s):  
Kamal Kant ◽  
Uma R. Lal ◽  
Ravi Rawat ◽  
Anoop Kumar ◽  
Manik Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Perennial Herbs

Background: The Arisaema (Araceae) is a genus of approximately 180 perennial herbs widely distributed in the evergreen and deciduous forests. This genus (Arisaema) has been used as a medicinal agent since ancient times. Experimental investigations have shown a promising positive correlation with its folklore claim and this encourages us to report updated medicinal review (genus Arisaema) for future research. Objective: This review aimed to summarize the ethnobotany, folklore uses, chemistry and biological activities. Conclusion: The comprehensive literature on genus Arisaema indicates the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, and glycosphingolipids as the principal chemical constituents. Additionally, phytosterols, alkaloids, carboline derivatives and miscellaneous compounds were documented in plants of genus Arisaema. Biological investigations led to the credentials of antioxidant, anticancer, insecticidal, antimicrobial, anthelmintic and hepatoprotective activities. Following, several plant species are promising candidates for the treatment of cancer, parasitic diseases and microbial infection complications. Though, a lot of facets of this genus like phytoconstituents identification, mechanistic profile, adverse effects and clinical studies are still quite limited. Thus, this systematic review may act as a powerful tool in future studies for promoting health benefits against various health hazards.

Biological activities of phenolic compounds and ethanolic extract of Halacsya sendtneri (Boiss) Dőrfler

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavle Mašković ◽  
Jelena Maksimović ◽  
Vuk Maksimović ◽  
Jelena Blagojević ◽  
Mladen Vujošević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the ethanolic extract of endemic plant Halacsya sendtneri in inhibiting the growing of the test fungi and bacteria as well as to determine its genotoxic potential and toxicity using the Allium anaphase-telophase assay. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined for 15 indicator strains of pathogens, representing both bacteria and fungi. The highest susceptibility to the ethanolic extract of H.sendtneri was exhibited by Pseudomonas glycinea (FSB4), (MIC=0.09 mg/ml) among the bacteria, and by Phialophora fastigiata (FSB81), (MIC=1.95 mg/ml) among the fungi. The composition of H. sendtneri extracts was also determined using HPLC analysis. Rosmarinic acid was found to be the dominant phenolic compound. The Allium anaphase-telophase genotoxicity assay revealed that the ethanolic extract of H. sendtneri at concentrations of 31.5 mg/l and below does not produce toxic or genotoxic effects. This is the first report of chemical constituents, genotoxic and antimicrobial activities of the endemic species, H. sendtneri.

scholarly journals Bunium persicum: A Review of Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Biological Activities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Majidi ◽  
Fatemeh Bina ◽  
Niloofar Kahkeshani ◽  
Roja Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Bunium Persicum ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Biological And Pharmacological Activities

Bunium persicum (Boiss) B. Fedtsh (Apiaceae, Persian name: Zireh Kermani) has been used to treat various diseases in traditional and folkloric medicine including gastrointestinal, respiratory, nasopharyngeal, cardiac, ocular, neurological, rheumatological and urinary tract diseases. Its essential oil contains different monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and phenyl propenes. Other chemical constituents identified in B. persicum are phenolic compounds, fatty acids, carboxylic acids, and carbohydrates. Wide range of biological and pharmacological activities including antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, anticonvulsant, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory, anti-pancreatic lipase, anticancer, antidiabetic, antihistamine, antidiarrheal, antispasmodic, antihematoxic, antityrosinase and antimicrobial activities have been reported from this plant in modern medicine. This article summarizes comprehensive information attributing traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of Zireh Kermani.

scholarly journals Effects of a Dietary Supplement with Barley Sprout Extract on Blood Cholesterol Metabolism

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ri Byun ◽  
Hyejin Chun ◽  
Jin Lee ◽  
Sang Wha Lee ◽  
Hong Soo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Barley Leaf

Objective. Barley sprout (Hordeum vulgareL.) contains 4.97% fat, 52.6% polysaccharide, and 34.1% protein along with a variety of vitamins, minerals, and polyphenolic compounds. Hexacosanol is one such compound from the barley leaf that might improve cholesterol metabolism by decreasing cholesterol synthesis.Method. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of barley sprout extract on serum lipid metabolism in healthy volunteers(n=51). Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: one group consumed a single capsule of barley leaf extract daily (n=25, 42.48 ± 13.58 years) and the other consumed placebo capsules (n=26, 40.54 ± 11.1 years) for 12 weeks.Results. After 12 weeks, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein- (LDL-) cholesterol were not lower in the barley sprout extract group compared to the placebo group (p=0.415andp=0.351, resp.) and no differences in clinical or laboratory findings were observed between both groups.Conclusion. Our study failed to show significant lipid-lowering effects of barley sprout extract, possibly due to dosage, duration of therapy, and small sample size. Despite our nonsignificant findings, barley sprout has a possibility as a functional health food; therefore future research is needed.

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