Gums from Indigenous Plants of Iran: A Review on Physicochemical, Rheological and Functional Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1209-1226
Author(s):  
Behzad Ebrahimi ◽  
Aziz H. Rad ◽  
Babak Ghanbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Aqueous Dispersions ◽  
Emulsification Capacity ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Thickening Agents ◽  
General Appearance

Background: Recently, public interests have increased to study novel and vernacular polysaccharides due to their various uses, especially in food formulations as well as pharmaceuticals and herbal medicines. Plant-based gums are commercially produced from a large number of plants that include complex polysaccharides. Scope and Approach: he present study has summarized physicochemical, rheological and functional properties of tragacanth, basil seed and balangu gums from indigenous plants of Iran. Conclusion: The results of this review study demonstrate that the highlighted gums are commonly used as dietary fibers, thickening agents, emulsifiers, stabilizers and drug delivery agents. The general appearance of gums varies from dark-brown to whitish in color. At various concentrations, pH and ionic strengths, aqueous dispersions show great variations in their rheological behavior. In conclusion, industrial applications of these gums are possible as a result of their strong thickening properties. Additionally, significant surface activity and emulsification capacity enable their application in the food, pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Advancing Frontier Nanophysics in Time of Analytical Chemistry: Who to educate first?

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-281
Author(s):  
Hendry Izaac Elim
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Molecular System ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Applied Physics ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Near Future

Frontier nanophysics in conjunction with nanomedicines, nanoscience and nanotechnology (NNN) developed before the science of analytical chemistry has been very challenges with many competitive obstacles to improve the accuracy and precise nm measurements in order to find out the point of its main chemical structure compositions, uniformity and the concentration contents to each substance. Moreover, exotics nanomaterials either in pure organic and inorganic compound or in hybrid organic-inorganics nanomaterials have shown their remarkable as well as attractive impacts in many nanotechnology and related industrial applications such as in ultrafast picosecond or femtosecond telecommunication integrated circuits and devices system, cosmetics and beauty products, as well as health or pharmaceutical drugs and herbal medicines. In this short communication paper, one explains how to educate first those who are eager indeed to study and expand their knowledge in the discovery level of understanding the nature of chemistry materials. Such guide will involve at least two to three parts of knowledge and skills consisted of the origin of life, electronics of molecular system (MES), and precise or accurate measurements. By implementing these advices, one believes the progress of applied physics frontier works in analytical chemistry will soon obtain a good harvest in the near future.

scholarly journals The most common herbal medicines affecting Sarcomastigophora branches: a review study

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. S14-S21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Bahmani ◽  
Kourosh Saki ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Karamati ◽  
Zohre Eftekhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Review Study

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants With Antileishmanial Properties: A Review Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Gharirvand Eskandari ◽  
Mahbubeh Setorki ◽  
Monir Doudi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Leishmania Parasites

Background: Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by various species of the Leishmania parasites. An effective vaccine or drug to prevent the infestation or a suitable medication to cure the disease without side effects has not been provided yet. Objectives: The use of medicinal herbs in the treatment of many diseases, especially parasitic ones, dates back to prehistoric times. This article is a review study on these herbs used for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Methods: In this regard, we searched PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. We prepared this review on the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with medicinal plants because of the prevalence of this disease, chemical drugs’ failure to fully control it, increase in the number of reports on drug resistance, and contradictory research on the side effects of synthetic drugs. Results: In general, the use of medicinal herbs for the treatment of various diseases has a long history. Because of Iran’s diverse climate and flora, we have the potential to identify the active herbal ingredients in different indigenous plants of the country and extract them to produce them on an industrial scale. Conclusion: In this article, several herbs used to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis from the past to today in Iran and other countries are studied and evaluated.

scholarly journals Chemical composition, energy and nutritional values, digestibility and functional properties of defatted flour, protein concentrates and isolates from Carbula marginella (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and Cirina butyrospermi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

BMC Chemistry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminata Séré ◽  
Adjima Bougma ◽  
Bazoin Sylvain Raoul Bazié ◽  
Esther Traoré ◽  
Charles Parkouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Flour Protein

AbstractEdible insects constitute a potential source of alternative proteins as a food supplement. The present study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, energy and nutritional values, the digestibility and functional properties of Carbula marginella (Thunberg) and Cirina butyrospermi (Vuillet) defatted flour, protein concentrates, and isolates. Carbula marginella has shown the highest content of protein (41.44%), lipid (51.92%), calcium (33.92 mg/100 g) and sodium (185.84 mg/100 g) while the highest contents of carbohydrate (34.54%), ash (4.77%), iron (31.27 mg/100 g), magnesium (150.09 mg/100 g), and potassium (1277 mg/100 g) have been observed for C. butyrospermi. Linoleic (30.23%), palmitic (27.54%), oleic (26.41%) and stearic (8.90%) acids were the most dominant fatty acids found in C. marginella. Cirina butyrospermi was characterized by high levels of oleic (27.01%), stearic (21.02%), linolenic (20.42%), palmitic (13.06%), and linoleic (8.01%) acids. Protein and essential amino acid contents of the protein isolates in both insect species were 1.7–2 times higher than that of their defatted flours. The protein isolate of C. marginella exhibited the highest protein digestibility (87.63%), while the highest fat absorption capacity (8.84 g/g) and foaming capacity (48.40%) have been obtained from the protein isolate of C. butyrospermi. These findings indicate that the protein concentrates and isolates of C. marginella and C. butyrospermi have great potential for industrial applications.

scholarly journals Concise review: Medicinal plants are effective against leishmaniasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1775
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Bahmani ◽  
Naser Abbasi ◽  
Masih Hosseini ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Pentavalent Antimony ◽  
Artemisia Aucheri ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Great Health ◽  
Natural Medicines

Leishmaniasis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease in tropical areas. It is a neglected disease and is a great health catastrophe in Iran. Pentavalent antimony compounds are used for its treatment, but they have adverse effects. Therefore, the use of natural herbs with low adverse effects seems necessary for treatment of Leishmaniasis. In this study, we tried to introduce the natural medicines effective against Leishmaniasis. In this review study, keywords searched included natural medicines, herbal medicines, medicinal plants, Leishmaniasis, and treatment in relevant publications published between 1990 and 2017. Searching was on databases including ISI Web of Science, PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, ISC, SID, Magiran and some other databases. The relevant articles were reviewed for the review study. The results showed that medicinal plants: Ferula assafoatida (with IC50 of 0.38 mg/ml), Glycyrrhiza glabra (with IC50 of 25mg/ml), Allium sativum (with IC50 of 0.57 mg/ml), Cephalis ipecacuana (with IC50 of 0.01 mg/ml), Artemisia aucheri (with IC50 of 0.46 mg/ml) and Eucalyptus globulus (with IC50 of 0.17 mg/ml) were the natural medicines effective against the disease. Compositions with di-, tri-, tetra-Sulfide, Coumarin derivatives, Camuou-nephrole, Episamarcandine, Amblipernine, Carnephrole, Azafoetidine, Froxolicin, Azafoetidinole, Saradaferine, 1, 8 Cineole, Scopodreniole, Semen, Sabinine, Cineole, Inaleole, Eojenole, Farenzole, Borneol, Allicin, acid Glycerisic, Emetine and Cephalin can have the potential to produce potent drugs against Leishmaniasis. In sum, there are some specific medicinal plants and compounds effective against Leishmaniasis which can be used per se or following changes in their formula to prepare and introduce new drags against this disease.

scholarly journals DOMINANCE OF HERBAL MEDICINES IN TREATING SICKEL CELL ANEMIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Mrinalini Bhosale ◽  
Snehal Kulkarni ◽  
Shubham Bhosale ◽  
Ayesha Shaikh ◽  
Subhash Padhye
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Blood Disorder ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Clinical Problems

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder that affects the shape and transportation of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood vessels, leading to various clinical problems. Several drugs are available for treating SCD, these medicines are insufficiently effective, toxic, or too expensive to be used. So there is a need to arise a safe, effective, and inexpensive therapeutic agent from indigenous plants used in ethnomedicines. SCD is affecting millions of people worldwide. Due to lack of progress in drug discovery and appropriate treatment methods, victims often turn to traditional Ayurvedic medicines that take advantage of the plant extracts. The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been thought worldwide, most especially in patients with chronic diseases. SCD is one of such chronic diseases. Sickle cell anemia (SCA) has been treated for ages with natural products, especially herbs and Ayurvedic medicines worldwide. The proven medicines for sickle cell anemia includes, the use of hydroxyurea, folic acid and amino acids supplementation that manage the condition of blood transfusions and stabilize the patient’s hemoglobin level. But these clinical treatments are quite expensive and have attendant risk factors. As a research for medicinal plants into anti-sickling properties has been satisfy, so the alternative therapy of using phytomedicines has proven to reduce the crisis and reverse for sickling of RBC’s. As the use of medicinal plants and nutrition in managing SCD is gaining attention so the enormous benefits of phyto-medicine and nutraceuticals are discussed in this paper. Here in we have summarized the use of tradition Ayurvedic medicines in treating SCA.

scholarly journals Characterization of some food formulation functional properties of flour processed from roasted African breadfruit (Treculia africana) seeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Azubuike Chris Umezuruike ◽  
Titus U. Nwabueze
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Emulsion Capacity ◽  
African Breadfruit ◽  
Treculia Africana ◽  
Roasting Temperature ◽  
Roasting Time

This study used Response Surface Methodology was used to roast, identify and characterize the optimum values of functional properties of African breadfruit (Treculia africana) seed flour processed for industrial applications. The central Composition Rotable Design of treatment variables at 3 process variables (Roasting temperature RT, Roasting Time RM, and feed quantity FQ) and 5 process levels (-1.682, -1, 0, 1, 1.682) was used to optimize bulk density water and oil absorption capacities, gelation and emulsion capacity of the produced flour. Functional properties of the flour increased above the value of control and relative to process treatment. The effect of roasting temperature was significant (p < 0.05) for bulk density, gelation and emulsion capacity. Roasting time and feed quantity significantly (p˂0.05) influenced water absorption and emulsion capacities of the flour. Optimum values were bulk density 0/79 g/cm3, water absorption capacity 4.00ml/g, oil absorption capacities 2.90m/g, gelation 8.92 w/v. The unified optimum values of the functional properties occurred at process treatment combination of 126.360C, 45.85min and 505.09g, respectively for temperature, time and quantity. Processing African breadfruit seeds into flour at the optimal point will enhance its usefulness in industrial applications were functional properties of flour are of processing important.

scholarly journals Production of functional beer with the addition of probiotic: Saccharomyces boulardii

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e5010212211
Author(s):  
Amanda Felipe Reitenbach ◽  
Isabela Julio Iwassa ◽  
Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho Barros
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Commercial Yeast ◽  
General Appearance

Industries have been investing in the development of functional products, such as the ones produced with probiotic microorganisms. The aim of this study was to develop a Pilsen-style beer with functional properties through the addition of the Saccharomyces boulardii probiotic. The beer was fermented with low-fermentation commercial yeast. The probiotic culture was added next, evaluating its probiotic potential. Microbiological, sensorial and physicochemical aspects were evaluated in the obtained products. The S. boulardii strain presented probiotic viability after the confirmation of the resistance to acid, bile salts and ethyl alcohol tests, maintaining superior levels of colony-forming to the indicated by the legislation during the 28 days storage. The beer with probiotic addition has not differed sensorially from the commercial beer concerning the aroma, flavor, general appearance and color. The results of sensorial, physicochemical and microbiological analysis showed the viability of the production of probiotic beer with the addition of S. boulardii.

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