Nutritional Composition and Sensory Quality of Packaged Ofe-Owerri: A Major Traditional Soup in Nigeria

Background: Ofe-Owerri is an expensive traditional soup in Nigeria, prepared using Oha (Pterocarpus soyauxi), Ukazi (Gnetum africanum), Uziza (Piper guineense) and cocoyam (Colocasia esculanta) as the major vegetables. The soup is highly celebrated for its traditional therapeutic and nutritional potentials. Objective: In this study, we assessed the proximate and mineral components, sensory and microbial qualities of the Ofe-Owerri soup in a cooked and packaged form. Antioxidant status and phytoconstituents of the major vegetables of the soup were also determined. Methods: Established methods were used as previously reported in the literature. Results: Calcium was the most concentrated mineral, whereas lead was absent. High moisture (63.45%), crude protein (14.60%) and fat (13.27%) were found in the soup. The major ingredients (vegetables) used to prepare Ofe-Owerri contain phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds and saponins, and showed potent antioxidant activity in various in vitro models, with uziza displaying the highest scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The vegetables exhibit reductive capacity against oxidants, and chelation of metallic free radicals. There was no significant difference (p≤0.05) in the sensory parameters of Ofe-Owerri soup kept frozen in foil and plastic containers, respectively, for 21 days. Conclusion: This study showed that Ofe-Owerri is a good dietary source of nutrients and possesses phytoconstituents with potential beneficial health effects. When properly packaged, the soup can be stored safely for up to three weeks.

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Evaluation of the quality of the silage obtained from the uniformization pruning in intensive silvopastoral systems

Respuestas ◽

10.22463/0122820x.2822 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Juan David Londoño-Carmona ◽

Liliana Mahecha-Ledezma ◽

Joaquín Angulo-Arizala

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Silvopastoral Systems ◽

Tithonia Diversifolia ◽

Sambucus Nigra ◽

Significant Difference

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the nutritional composition of the silage made from the material collected from the uniformization pruning in an intensive SSP with buttercup. (Tithonia diversifolia) y tilo (Sambucus nigra), and mixed in different proportions with sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) and King grass (Pennisetum hybridum), using a commercial additive of lactic acid bacteria and ruiminal content (rumination). Six treatments were evaluated with five repetitions and a weight of 10 kg per treatment, distributed as follows: T1: 25% T. diversifolia + 25% S. nigra + 50% S. officinarum with commercial additive (BTCac), T2: T1 with ruiminal content (BTCru), T3: 25% T. diversifolia + 25% S. nigra + 50% + P. hybridum with commercial additive (BTPac), T4: T3 with ruiminal content (BTPru) T5: 25% T. diversifolia + 25% S. nigra + 25% S. officinarum + 25% P. hybridum with commercial additive (BTCPac), T6: T5 with ruiminal content (BTCPru). With the obtained data an asymmetric factorial design of two levels was carried out, the analyzed variables were: dry matter (MS), ash (CEN), crude protein (PC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), lignin (LIG) processed by NIRS , through agreement U of A - DaryCaby and pH. The CEN presented significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments BTCac (11.92%), BTCru (11.62%) and BTCPac (14.76%), BTCPru (14.80%), BTPac (14 , 66%), BTPru (13.86%), but not between additives or interaction between treatment and additives, the NDF presented significant difference (p = 0.0375) among additives (58.08% and 60.39% commercial and ruiminal content respectively), but not between treatments or interaction between additive and treatments, lignin (LIG) presented a significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments BTCac (5.1%) and BTCPru (7.5%) ), BTPac (7.6%), BTPru (6.8%), and interaction between additive and treatments and there was no significant difference between treatments, the pH presented a significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments BTCac (4.1), BTCru (4.2) and BTCPac (4.7), BTCPru (4.6), BTPac (4.6), BTPru (4.8), and there was no difference between additives or interaction between additive and treatments, the MS and Pc did not present a significant difference among treatments, or interaction between additive and treatments, with averages of 16.5% and 10.7% respectively.

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Nutritional value of sorghum silages

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v39i2.32677 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 137

Author(s):

Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽

Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽

Renê Ferreira Costa ◽

Daniella Cangussú Tolentino ◽

João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Block Design ◽

Significance Level ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

High Participation ◽

Sorghum Genotypes

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional characteristics and quality of silages of five sorghum genotypes, namely: Volumax, AG2005E, Qualimax, BRS610 and AG2501. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Unimontes, in the municipality of Janaúba, state of Minas Gerais. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. Data were tested by analysis of variance andmeans were compared by Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 5%. The pH values ranged from 3.93 and 4.10. Genotypes differed in all studied nutritional characteristics (p < 0.05). For the acid detergent fiber, differences were detected between the genotypes, AG2501 (35.66%), Volumax (34.89%), AG2005E (34.53%), Qualimax (32.39%) and BRS610 (33.60%). The high participation of lignin was verifiedin all genotypes except for Volumax (4.14%). All silages were within the recommended range 50-65% for in vitro dry matter digestibility and classified as having good quality, however only the AG2005E genotype met nitrogen requirements for microbial fermentation, with 7.06% crude protein.

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Proximate and Nutritional Composition of Stored Bulb Onions as Affected by Harvest and Postharvest Treatments

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2021/5532349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Irene N. Kiura ◽

Bernard M. Gichimu ◽

Felix Rotich

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Quality ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Sodium Content ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Curing Period ◽

Allium Cepa L ◽

Before And After ◽

Harvesting Stage

Productivity of bulb onions (Allium cepa L.) is largely constrained by postharvest losses. There are several postharvest strategies applicable to onions, but they are mostly applied singularly and therefore their combined effects have not been well studied. This study was set out to evaluate the effects of harvesting stage, curing period, and time of topping on postharvest quality of stored red bulb onions. The study was carried out in Yatta Subcounty, Machakos County, Kenya. The experimental design was split-split plot laid out in a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of harvesting stage (25%, 50%, and 75% top fall), curing period (none, 1 week, and 2 weeks after harvesting), and time of topping (before and after curing). All the treatments were replicated three times. After 3 months of storage, the bulbs were analyzed for proximate and nutritional composition. Bulbs that were harvested at 75% top fall and cured for one or two weeks before topping retained higher moisture content, bulb weight, crude protein, vitamin C, zinc, potassium, calcium, and iron but lower sodium content after three-month storage. These practices are therefore recommended for maintaining the nutritional quality of bulb onions after harvesting.

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How to Achieve High-Quality Oocytes? The Key Role of Myo-Inositol and Melatonin

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2016/4987436 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Salvatore Giovanni Vitale ◽

Paola Rossetti ◽

Francesco Corrado ◽

Agnese Maria Chiara Rapisarda ◽

Sandro La Vignera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

Oocyte Quality ◽

Fertilization Rate ◽

In Vitro Models ◽

The One ◽

High Level

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have experienced growing interest from infertile patients seeking to become pregnant. The quality of oocytes plays a pivotal role in determining ART outcomes. Although many authors have studied how supplementation therapy may affect this important parameter for both in vivo and in vitro models, data are not yet robust enough to support firm conclusions. Regarding this last point, in this review our objective has been to evaluate the state of the art regarding supplementation with melatonin and myo-inositol in order to improve oocyte quality during ART. On the one hand, the antioxidant effect of melatonin is well known as being useful during ovulation and oocyte incubation, two occasions with a high level of oxidative stress. On the other hand, myo-inositol is important in cellular structure and in cellular signaling pathways. Our analysis suggests that the use of these two molecules may significantly improve the quality of oocytes and the quality of embryos: melatonin seems to raise the fertilization rate, and myo-inositol improves the pregnancy rate, although all published studies do not fully agree with these conclusions. However, previous studies have demonstrated that cotreatment improves these results compared with melatonin alone or myo-inositol alone. We recommend that further studies be performed in order to confirm these positive outcomes in routine ART treatment.

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YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME KALE-CORN COMBINATIONS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps80-119 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 807-811 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. S. FULKERSON

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Corn Stover ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Row Width

Midas marrowstem kale (Brassica oleracea L.) was grown in different row width associations with United 106 corn (Zea maize L.) in two studies and ensiled in different moisture blends with corn stover in another. Highest dry matter yields were obtained where a single row of kale was grown at 30 cm to the side of a corn row. This combination also provided the lowest moisture content feed and the highest in vitro digestibility and crude protein content. Changing the corn row width had no significant effect upon yield, plant height, in vitro digestibility, kale leaf or corn ear content. Blending kale with corn stover to provide a silage of about 70% moisture increased the digestibility and protein content of the feed and provided a silage that kept well in storage.

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The biological seal of the implant–soft tissue interface evaluated in a tissue-engineered oral mucosal model

Journal of The Royal Society Interface ◽

10.1098/rsif.2012.0507 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (77) ◽

pp. 3528-3538 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Wen L. Chai ◽

Ian M. Brook ◽

Anders Palmquist ◽

Richard van Noort ◽

Keyvan Moharamzadeh

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Cell Attachment ◽

Tritiated Water ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Permeability Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Surface Topographies ◽

Tissue Interface

For dental implants, it is vital that an initial soft tissue seal is achieved as this helps to stabilize and preserve the peri-implant tissues during the restorative stages following placement. The study of the implant–soft tissue interface is usually undertaken in animal models. We have developed an in vitro three-dimensional tissue-engineered oral mucosal model (3D OMM), which lends itself to the study of the implant–soft tissue interface as it has been shown that cells from the three-dimensional OMM attach onto titanium (Ti) surfaces forming a biological seal (BS). This study compares the quality of the BS achieved using the three-dimensional OMM for four types of Ti surfaces: polished, machined, sandblasted and anodized (TiUnite). The BS was evaluated quantitatively by permeability and cell attachment tests. Tritiated water (HTO) was used as the tracing agent for the permeability test. At the end of the permeability test, the Ti discs were removed from the three-dimensional OMM and an Alamar Blue assay was used for the measurement of residual cells attached to the Ti discs. The penetration of the HTO through the BS for the four types of Ti surfaces was not significantly different, and there was no significant difference in the viability of residual cells that attached to the Ti surfaces. The BS of the tissue-engineered oral mucosa around the four types of Ti surface topographies was not significantly different.

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Effect of Hyaluronan on Developmental Competence and Quality of Oocytes and Obtained Blastocysts fromIn VitroMaturation of Bovine Oocytes

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/519189 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jolanta Opiela ◽

Joanna Romanek ◽

Daniel Lipiński ◽

Zdzisław Smorąg

Keyword(s):

Dna Fragmentation ◽

Oocyte Maturation ◽

Developmental Competence ◽

Meiotic Maturation ◽

Nuclear Maturation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Bovine Oocytes

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of hyaluronan (HA) during IVM on meiotic maturation, embryonic development, and the quality of oocytes, granulosa cells (GC), and obtained blastocysts. COCs were maturedin vitroin control medium and medium with additional 0.035% or 0.07% of exogenous HA. The meiotic maturity did not differ between the analysed groups. The best rate and the highest quality of obtained blastocysts were observed when 0.07% HA was used. A highly significant difference (P<0.001) was noted in the mean number of apoptotic nuclei per blastocyst and in the DCI between the 0.07% HA and the control blastocysts (P<0.01). Our results suggest that addition of 0.035% HA and 0.07% HA to oocyte maturation media does not affect oocyte nuclear maturation and DNA fragmentation. However, the addition of 0.07% HA during IVM decreases the level of blastocysts DNA fragmentation. Finally, our results suggest that it may be risky to increase the HA concentration during IVM above 0.07% as we found significantly higherBaxmRNA expression levels in GC cultured with 0.07% HA. The final concentration of HA being supplemented to oocyte maturation media is critical for the success of the IVP procedure.

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Influence of lucerne and meadow hay quality on the digestibility of nutrients in the roe deer

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/3998-cjas ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 74-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Sommer ◽

M. Vodňanský ◽

P. Petrikovič ◽

R. Požgaj

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Live Weight ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

High Quality ◽

Nitrogen Free Extract ◽

Significant Difference

It was confirmed in metabolic experiments with 4 individuals of roe deer (2 males and 2 females with the live weight of 20.8 and 17.9 kg, respectively) that due to the animals’ selective choice of a part of feeds there was no significant difference in the intake of lucerne hay of different quality and high-quality meadow hay (515.86 ± 66.97 and 597.82 ± 94.87 g, respectively). However, different quality of lucerne hay influenced the animals’ intake of crude protein and crude fibre. When the animals were fed meadow hay, they took in significantly less crude protein and fibre and significantly more nitrogen-free extract, fat and ash. Digestibility of crude protein was observed to be significantly decreased in hay of lower quality (by 10.1%). Digestibility coefficients for crude protein, crude fibre, organic matter and fat were significantly lower in grass hay compared to lucerne hay. Based on the coefficients of nutrient digestibility it can be stated that meadow hay, even if of excellent quality, is not a suitable supplement for the roe deer.  

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Ensiling Process in Commercial Bales of Horticultural By-Products from Artichoke and Broccoli

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10050831 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 831 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Paula Monllor ◽

Gema Romero ◽

Raquel Muelas ◽

Carlos A. Sandoval-Castro ◽

Esther Sendra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Microbial Populations ◽

Viable Option ◽

Nutritional Components ◽

Maximum Residue Limits ◽

Long Time ◽

By Products ◽

Sampling Times

Wastes from artichoke and broccoli crops and cannery industries represent an environmental problem. A viable option to this problem is ensiling them for use as ruminants feed. The aim of this study was to characterise the ensiling process of broccoli and artichoke by-products and assess their suitability to be part of the ruminant diet, as well their minimum shelf life. Twenty-one commercial round bale silos (300 kg and 0.64 m3) of each by-product were made. Samples were analysed at days 0, 7, 15, 30, 60, and 200 to determine microbial populations, fermentation metabolites, nutritional components, and phytosanitary residues. Feedstuffs showed good suitability for ensiling, and stabilisation was achieved on day 30. The variables with the greatest significant differences among sampling times were microbial populations and fermentative components. There were no important dry matter losses, and some significant differences were observed in the nutritional composition, especially in crude protein and fibrous fractions, but they were not relevant for the loss of nutritional quality of silages. The phytosanitary residues determined on day 200 were below the maximum residue limits set by European legislation. So, ensiling these by-products in commercial round bale silos is a suitable and profitable technique that allows their preservation for a long time (200 days).

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Chemical characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts in corn silage re-ensiled with bacterial inoculant

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 1045-1052

Author(s):

Mateus Merlo Coelho ◽

Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves ◽

José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽

Kelly Moura Keller ◽

Gustavo Vinícius de Souza dos Anjos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Aerobic Stability ◽

Whole Plant

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of re-ensiling and bacterial inoculation on the quality of corn silage. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2 factorial design with or without inoculant (association of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici), and with re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure or only ensiling of the whole plant of 'BRS 1055' corn. The fermentative quality, nutritional parameters, dry matter losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts of silages were evaluated. Re-ensiling caused an increase of pH and in acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations, as well as in the dry matter (DM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber crude protein contents. Conversely, there was a reduction in the nonfiber carbohydrates concentration and in in vitro dry matter digestibility for the re-ensiled material. All changes were explained by the higher-effluent production and DM loss of re-ensiled material that was subjected to two compactions. Microbiology was not altered by the treatments. The use of inoculant altered ash content, but it did not influence other parameters. In contrast, re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure caused a reduction in the nutritive value of corn silage and accentuated the DM losses.

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