Aggregation prone regions in antibody sequences raised against Vibrio cholerae: A bioinformatic approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakia Akter ◽  
Anamul Haque ◽  
Md. Sabir Hossain ◽  
Firoz Ahmed ◽  
Md Asiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Antigen Binding ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Protein Database ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Bioinformatic Approach ◽  
Self Aggregation ◽  
Complementarity Determining Region

Background: Cholera, a diarrheal illness causes millions of deaths worldwide due to large outbreaks. Monoclonal antibody used as therapeutic purposes of cholera are prone to be unstable due to various factors including self-aggregation. Objectives: In this bioinformatic analysis, we identified the aggregation prone regions (APRs) of different immunogens of antibody sequences (i.e., CTB, ZnM-CTB, ZnP-CTB, TcpA-CT-CTB, ZnM-TcpA-CT-CTB, ZnP-TcpA-CT-CTB, ZnM-TcpA, ZnP-TcpA, TcpA-CT-TcpA, ZnM-TcpA-CT-TcpA, ZnP-TcpA-CT-TcpA, Ogawa, Inaba and ZnM-Inaba) raised against Vibrio cholerae. Methods: To determine APRs in antibody sequences that were generated after immunizing Vibrio cholerae immunogens on Mus musculus, a total of 94 sequences were downloaded as FASTA format from a protein database and the algorithms such as Tango, Waltz, PASTA 2.0, and AGGRESCAN were followed to analyze probable APRs in all of the sequences. Results: A remarkably high number of regions in the monoclonal antibodies were identified to be APRs which could explain a cause of instability/short term protection of anticholera vaccine. Conclusion: To increase the stability, it would be interesting to eliminate the APR residues from the therapeutic antibodies in a such way that the antigen binding sites or the complementarity determining region loops involved in antigen recognition are not disrupted.

A bioinformatic approach to the identification of a conserved domain in a sugarcane legumain that directs GFP to the lytic vacuole

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Jackson ◽  
Anne L. Rae ◽  
Rosanne E. Casu ◽  
Christopher P. L. Grof ◽  
Graham D. Bonnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Conserved Domain ◽  
Storage Parenchyma ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Lytic Vacuole ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Diverse Plant Species ◽  
Bioinformatic Approach ◽  
Diverse Plant ◽  
Novel Products

Sugarcane is an ideal candidate as a biofactory for the production of alternate higher value products. One way of achieving this is to direct useful proteins into the vacuoles within the sugarcane storage parenchyma tissue. By bioinformatic analysis of gene sequences from putative sugarcane vacuolar proteins a motif has been identified that displays high conservation across plant legumain homologues that are known to function within vacuolar compartments. This five amino acid motif, represented by the sequence IRLPS in sugarcane is shown to direct an otherwise secreted GFP fusion protein into a large acidic and proteolytic vacuole in sugarcane callus cells as well as in diverse plant species. In mature sugarcane transgenic plants, the stability of GFP appeared to be dependent on cell type, suggesting that the vacuolar environment can be hostile to introduced proteins. This targeting motif will be a valuable tool for engineering plants such as sugarcane for production of novel products.

scholarly journals Post-Processing Techniques for the Improvement of Liposome Stability

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1023
Author(s):  
Ji Young Yu ◽  
Piyanan Chuesiang ◽  
Gye Hwa Shin ◽  
Hyun Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Additional Process ◽  
Spray Freeze Drying ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Aggregation ◽  
Liposome Stability

Liposomes have been utilized as a drug delivery system to increase the bioavailability of drugs and to control the rate of drug release at the target site of action. However, the occurrence of self-aggregation, coalescence, flocculation and the precipitation of aqueous liposomes during formulation or storage can cause degradation of the vesicle structure, leading to the decomposition of liposomes. To increase the stability of liposomes, post-processing techniques have been applied as an additional process to liposomes after formulation to remove water and generate dry liposome particles with a higher stability and greater accessibility for drug administration in comparison with aqueous liposomes. This review covers the effect of these techniques including freeze drying, spray drying and spray freeze drying on the stability, physicochemical properties and drug encapsulation efficiency of dry liposomes. The parameters affecting the properties of liposomes during the drying process are also highlighted in this review. In addition, the impact of using a protective agent to overcome such limitations of each process is thoroughly discussed through various studies.

The stability and short-term fluctuation in serum oxytocinase activity in pregnancy

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
A.A. Edebiri ◽  
D.S. Mack ◽  
D.J. McDonald ◽  
J. Philips
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Term Fluctuation ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Predominant VH genes expressed in innate antibodies are associated with distinctive antigen-binding sites

1999 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 2262-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Seidl ◽  
J. A. Wilshire ◽  
J. D. MacKenzie ◽  
A. B. Kantor ◽  
L. A. Herzenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Antigen Binding ◽  
Vh Genes ◽  
Innate Antibodies

scholarly journals Comparative genomics reveals mechanism for short-term and long-term clonal transitions in pandemic Vibrio cholerae

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (36) ◽  
pp. 15442-15447 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chun ◽  
C. J. Grim ◽  
N. A. Hasan ◽  
J. H. Lee ◽  
S. Y. Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals The Activity of the Vinculin Binding Sites in Talin Is Influenced by the Stability of the Helical Bundles That Make Up The Talin Rod

2006 ◽  
Vol 281 (11) ◽  
pp. 7458-7467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipin Patel ◽  
Alexandre R. Gingras ◽  
Audrey A. Bobkov ◽  
L. Miya Fujimoto ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Helical Bundles ◽  
The Stability

Remaking Medicare: The Voucher Myth

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Jonathan Oberlander
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Medicare Program ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Voucher System

There is growing enthusiasm for transforming Medicare into a voucher system. Advocates claim vouchers would increase the health care choices available to Medicare beneficiaries, reduce the regulatory burden on the federal government, and promote the benefits of fair market competition. In addition, some analysts contend vouchers are the only feasible solution to Medicare's short-term financing problems and the long-term “crisis” of the retirement of the baby-boom generation. The author argues against these claims. Vouchers would not work as advertised by proponents because of the limitations of risk-adjustment methods and unrealistic assumptions about consumer choice. Moreover, the elderly and disabled Medicare population is ill-suited to cope in a competitive insurance system. Implementation of vouchers would therefore pose a threat to both the health of beneficiaries and the stability of the Medicare program. The implications of this analysis for Medicare reform are discussed.

scholarly journals A SLR Pre-Processing Algorithm Based on Satellite Signature Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 8880
Author(s):  
Bowen Guan ◽  
Cunbo Fan ◽  
Ning An ◽  
Ricardo Cesar Podesta ◽  
Dra Ana Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
First Time ◽  
Satellite Signature Effect

As one of the major error sources, satellite signature effect should be reduced or even erased from the distribution of the post-fit residuals to improve the ranging precision. A simulation of satellite signature effect removal process for normal point algorithm is conducted based on a revised model of satellite response, which fully considers the structural and distribution characteristics of retroreflectors. In order to eliminate both long-term and short-term satellite signature effect, a clipping method for SLR data processing is proposed by defining the clipping location as 5.6 mm away from the mean value of the long-term fit residuals to select effective returns for normal points. The results indicate that, compared to normal points algorithm, the RMS per NP of LAGEOS-1 observation data processed by the clipping method is reduced from 62.90 ± 9.9 mm to 56.07 ± 4.69 mm, and the stability of RMS is improved 53%. This study improves the satellite signature effect model and simulates the fluctuation of normal points caused by satellite signature effect for the first time. The new method based on the simulation of satellite signature effect has stronger robustness and applicability, which can further minimize the influence of satellite signature effect on the SLR production and significantly improve the data property.

scholarly journals Analisa Rasio Keuangan Likuiditas, Profitabilitas dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Kebijakan Pembayaran Dividen Penyertaan

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Anna Setiana ◽  
Indah Melania
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Current Ratio ◽  
Financial Ratio ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Solvency Ratio ◽  
Improve Cost

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of the company’s performance to the welfare of shareholders by way of measuring the level of the company’s financial ratio expected having influence toward  the dividend level yielded. Based on the result of the study, the liquidity of PT Estika Yasakelola can be said has not satisfied yet because, observed from current ratio and quick ratio, PT Estika Yasakelola has found it difficult to pay short term debt that has been due date. Viewed in general, the profitability percentage has not been  satisfactory as well. It’s due to  the percentage of net profit margin  is too low, with the result that income left to cover the operational cost is too small. To improve the performance of of the company, PT Estika Yasakelola has to work more efficiently. The company must seek to improve cost efficiency by lowering cost items or increasing product selling price without reducing the competitiveness of the company. The description of solvency ratio fluctuation above reflects that the stability increase of the company in managing its dect is due to outstanding credit decrease caused by on time credit payment and because of the company keep continue to expand with its own fund. The result of this research shows that the company should improve its performance more,  work more efficiently, reduce cost items or increase product selling price so that the company will be able to reduce operational costs. PT Estika yasakelola must be able to manage the fund, so that the company’s profit increases more and more and the company will be able to survive unwaveringly. The management must be able to maintain the sharekolders’ trust. Therefore, the  level of shareholders’ welfare can be guaranteed.   Keywords: analysis of financial liquidity ratio; profitability, and solvency

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