scholarly journals Orthodontic Fixed Appliance and Periodontal Status: An Updated Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 614-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Cerroni ◽  
Guido Pasquantonio ◽  
Roberta Condò ◽  
Loredana Cerroni
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
English Language ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Background: Periodontal implications of orthodontic therapy are frequent, gingival and periodontal conditions need to be evaluated for every appointment. Several studies have analyzed the effects of fixed appliance on periodontal health. Objective: To evaluate whether there is updated scientific evidence on the relationship between fixed orthodontic therapy and periodontal health. Methods: A literature search was performed using the Pubmed and Cochrane databases and manual search; the search was carried out using the keywords “orthodontic” and “periodontal”. Articles published only in the English language from January 1997 to April 2017 were included. The inclusion criteria were: RCTs, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and case-control studies only in English language; only studies on humans, with a minimum sample size of 20 patients and no restriction in terms of patient ages; orthodontic fixed appliances placed into the buccal tooth surface; standardization and training in oral hygiene; Periodontal Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), at least at baseline (before appliance was placed) and after follow up (with a minimum period of 3 months). The exclusion criteria were as follows: absence of baseline data before fixed appliances was placed; patients with systemic diseases, periodontal disease or craniofacial anomalies; removable appliances or orthodontic appliance on the lingual dental surface; and no standardization or training in oral hygiene. Studies were selected by abstract and title; then, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria were evaluated and classified as having low, moderate or high methodology quality. Results: Fifty-five records were reviewed on the basis of title and abstract. After full-text reading, 47 full texts were excluded, and 3 articles were classified as having low methodological quality and 5 as having moderate methodological quality. Conclusions: The present systematic analysis suggests that there is moderate scientific evidence that a fixed appliance influences periodontal status; no article reported a high score.

scholarly journals The influence of orthodontic fixed appliances on the oral microbiota: A systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Osório Ayres de Freitas ◽  
Mariana Marquezan ◽  
Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves Nojima ◽  
Daniela Sales Alviano ◽  
Lucianne Cople Maia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Objective: To investigate whether there is scientific evidence to support the hypothesis that the presence of orthodontic fixed appliances influences the oral microbiota. Methods: The search for articles was conducted in PubMed; ISI Web of Knowledge and Ovid databases, including articles published in English until May 17th, 2012. They should report human observational studies presenting the following keywords: "fixed orthodontic appliance" AND "microbiological colonization"; OR "periodontal pathogens"; OR "Streptococcus"; OR "Lactobacillus"; OR "Candida"; OR "Tannerella forsythia"; OR "Treponema denticola"; OR "Fusobacterium nucleatum"; OR "Actimomyces actinomycetemcomitans"; OR "Prevotella intermedia", OR "Prevotella nigrescens"; OR "Porphyromonas gingivalis". Articles were previously selected by title and abstract. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed and classified as having low, moderate or high methodology quality. A new detailed checklist for quality assessment was developed based on the information required for applicable data extraction for reviews. The study design, sample, follow-up period, collection and microbial analysis methods, statistical treatment, results and discussion were assessed. Results: The initial search retrieved 305 articles of which 33 articles were selected by title and abstract. After full-text reading, 8 articles met the inclusion criteria, out of which 4 articles were classified as having low and 4 as moderate methodological quality. The moderate methodological quality studies were included in the systematic review. Conclusions: The literature revealed moderate evidence that the presence of fixed appliances influences the quantity and quality of oral microbiota.

scholarly journals Promoting Diet and Physical Activity in Nurses

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Torquati ◽  
Toby Pavey ◽  
Tracy Kolbe-Alexander ◽  
Michael Leveritt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Student Nurses ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Data Source

Objective. To systematically review the effectiveness of intervention studies promoting diet and physical activity (PA) in nurses. Data Source. English language manuscripts published between 1970 and 2014 in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and EMBASE, as well as those accessed with the PICO tool, were reviewed. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Inclusion criteria comprised (1) nurses/student nurses working in a health care setting and (2) interventions where PA and/or diet behaviors were the primary outcome. Exclusion criteria were (1) non–peer-reviewed articles or conference abstracts and (2) interventions focused on treatment of chronic conditions or lifestyle factors other than PA or diet in nurses. Data Extraction. Seventy-one full texts were retrieved and assessed for inclusion by two reviewers. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked for accuracy by a second reviewer. Data Synthesis. Extracted data were synthesized in a tabular format and narrative summary. Results. Nine (n = 737 nurses) studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality of the studies was low to moderate. Four studies reported an increase in self-reported PA through structured exercise and goal setting. Dietary outcomes were generally positive, but were only measured in three studies with some limitations in the assessment methods. Two studies reported improved body composition without significant changes in diet or PA. Conclusions. Outcomes of interventions to change nurses’ PA and diet behavior are promising, but inconsistent. Additional and higher quality interventions that include objective and validated outcome measures and appropriate process evaluation are required.

scholarly journals Effect of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) on Anxiety: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 496-507
Author(s):  
Rifki S. Nompo ◽  
Andria Pragholapati ◽  
Angela L. Thome
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Sensory Acuity ◽  
Keywords Anxiety

Anxiety is a feeling of helplessness, and worry about things that are not clear, as well as a comprehensive feeling that something bad is going to happen. Anxiety is experienced subjectively and communicated interpersonally, at the same time feelings of anxiety are a necessary survival instinct. The Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) is a communicative approach employs a positive view of anxiety and how it can help shape life changes, and that is the topic of this article. This research method uses a Systematic Literature Review, investigating Garuda, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Proquest, using boolean for keyword neurolinguistics programming (NLP) and anxiety. The inclusion criteria used were Indonesian and English language articles written within the last 5 years (from 2015 until 2020). The exclusion criteria used by the article were abstract writing style, inaccessible, or lacking national accreditation. Articles were tested with Critical Appraisal Tools. The studies indicate that good communication using NLP can help reduce anxiety and can promote changes in a person’s behavior patterns. There are several NLP techniques including sensory acuity, reframing, anchoring, rapport, and pacing, and leading. NLP can improve knowledge, skills and attitudes, communication skills, self-management, mental health, reduce work stress, and self-efficacy.   Keywords: Anxiety, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, NLP

scholarly journals Clinical benefits and adverse effects of siwak (S. persica) use on periodontal health: a scoping review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haslinda Ramli ◽  
Tuti Ningseh Mohd-Dom ◽  
Shahida Mohd-Said
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
English Language ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Siwak is a chewing stick used as an oral hygiene aid associated with Muslim communities across the globe since more than 1500 years ago. Used either exclusively or in conjunction with a regular toothbrush, there is evidence supporting its clinical effectiveness in plaque control, but adverse effects on periodontal health remains inconclusive. Objective This study aims to systematically review the wide range of data and literatures related to siwak practice and its effect on periodontal health. Method The review was conducted based on scoping review techniques, searching literature in EBSCOHOST, PubMed, SCOPUS and Google scholar databases using the following search terms: “siwak’ or ‘miswak’ or ‘chewing stick” for intervention, and “periodontium or ‘periodontal’ or ‘periodontal health’ or ‘periodontal disease” for outcome. Articles published between January 1990 to March 2021 and written in English language were included. Results A total of 721 articles collected from the search and 21 of them were eligible for the final analysis. Results of this study was described based on clinical and antibacterial reporting of siwak, method of siwak practice and its adverse effect on oral health. Siwak was found effective at removing dental plaque and improving periodontal health over time although its effect on subgingival microbiota was inconclusive. Presence of gingival recession and clinical attachment loss were much more commonly reported in siwak users, attributable to variations in the methods employed for tooth cleaning using the siwak. Conclusion There is substantial evidence that the lack of standardised reporting for effective siwak use may have resulted in contradictory findings about its oral hygiene benefits and adverse effects. As such, future work on safe and effective siwak practice is to be advocated among its users.

scholarly journals The Effect of Orthodontic Therapy on Periodontal Health: A Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah Alfuriji ◽  
Nora Alhazmi ◽  
Nasir Alhamlan ◽  
Ali Al-Ehaideb ◽  
Moatazbellah Alruwaithi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy

Objectives.This review aims to evaluate the effect of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health.Data.Original articles that reported on the effect of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health were included. The reference lists of potentially relevant review articles were also sought.Sources.A literature search was conducted using the databases, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for relevant studies. The search was carried out by using a combined text and the MeSH search strategies: using the key words in different combinations: “periodontal disease,” “orthodontics” and “root resorption.” This was supplemented by hand-searching in peer-reviewed journals and cross-referenced with the articles accessed. Articles published only in English language were included. Letters to the Editor, historical reviews and unpublished articles were not sought.Conclusions.Within the limitations of the present literature review, it was observed that there is a very close inter-relationship between the periodontal health and the outcome of orthodontic therapy.

scholarly journals Performance of the Protaper Universal and Protaper Next files in relation to the apical extrusion of debris.

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Odilma Mariana Gonçalves Furtado ◽  
Caroline Felipe Magalhães Girelli ◽  
Viviane Ferreira Guimarães Xavier ◽  
Mariane Floriano Lopes Santos Lacerda ◽  
Renato Girelli Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
English Language ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Search ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Apical Extrusion

Objective: the purpose of this literature review was to evaluate apical debris extrusion after root canal preparation with Protaper Universal and Protaper Next Rotary systems. Material and Methods: the question that supported the collection of scientific evidence for the present study was: Which rotary system presents the best performance regarding the apical extrusion of debris: Protaper Universal or Protaper Next? From the online search databases, a bibliographic research was carried out covering original research studies, using as descriptors: Apical extrusion debris, Protaper Universal and Protaper Next. Articles had to meet the following inclusion criteria: should have been published in the English language from 2014 to 2017 and should compare both mentioned rotary files systems regarding apical extrusion of debris in the same study. Ninety-six articles were found after research and six were included for this integrative review. Results: six studies remained included after the inclusion criteria analysis. Of these, 50% were published in 2016, 16.6% in 2015 and and 33% in 2014. Weight establishment of the extruded material was the methodology used in all studies to evaluate the performance of the files By analyzing the amount of apically extruded material, it was found that the Protaper Universal system extruded more quantity than the Protaper Next system. Conclusion: it was concluded that, although there is no system capable of performing the instrumentation without promoting apical extrusion, the Protaper Next rotary files system presented better performance when compared to the Protaper Universal files system, regarding the apical debris extrusion.

scholarly journals Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Grzegocka ◽  
Paweł Krzyściak ◽  
Anna Hille-Padalis ◽  
Jolanta E. Loster ◽  
Katarzyna Talaga-Ćwiertnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Conventional Brackets ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background: Conventional brackets are often used during orthodontic therapy of patients with malocclusion. T heir complicated construction greatly inhibits oral hygiene, which predisposes to increased carriage of microbiota. Orthodontic brackets could be a reservoir of yeast and predispose to oral candidosis.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess Candida prevalence and role of oral hygiene during fixed appliance therapy. Further aim was to characterize isolated yeasts according to their ability to biofilm formation.Methods: Seventeen participants (average age 17 ± 7 years) were monitored by taking oral rinses, elastomeric ligatures samples and evaluation of Approximal Plaque Index (API) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) before and after placement of orthodontic conventional brackets for 12 weeks. Isolated yeasts w ere counted and biofilm formation was evaluated.Results: One hundred and sixteen samples (67 oral rinses and 49 orthodontic elastomers) were collected. Ten patients (58.8% subjects) were Candida-carriers (2 were colonized after bracket placement) and C. albicans was the most common species. The average number of yeasts in the oral cavity showed some fluctuation during the study but in general with an upward trend (adj. R2 = 0.7967, p = 0.07025). The correlation of median number of yeasts with periodontal indexes (API, GBI) was found. I n Candida-carries average API values decreased (adj. R 2 = 0.95; p = 0.01709), while in non- Candida -carriers average GBI values increased (adj. R 2 = 0.92; p = 0.0256).Conclusions: Treatment with orthodontic appliances promotes Candida yeast colonization which is variable over time in terms of strain and species, with domination of C. albicans, without an increased biofilm-forming activity. In carriers, the API value decreases over time, and in non-colonized patients the GBI value increases – which may have a predictive significance for the development of oral candidiasis during orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Ceramic Fracture in Bilayered All-ceramic Indirect Restoration: A Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Abdullah Saeed Alayad
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Ceramic Fracture ◽  
Direct Restoration ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Ceramic Crowns

Background: High incidence of fracture of all-ceramic crowns may compromise the clinical outcome and is a source of hassle for both patients and dentist. Objective: The objective of the present review was to identify reasons for high ceramic fracture or chipping and to minimize these incidents in dental settings. Methods: The final search strategy was executed on Medline via OvidSP, PubMed, and Web of Knowledge. Studies meeting the following inclusion criteria were included in the current review. (1) Literature in English language only, (2) in vitro studies, (3) studies providing evidence on ceramic fracture, and (4) studies only related to indirect restoration and ceramics. Moreover, the exclusion criteria were based on (1) articles other than English, (2) studies reporting direct restoration, (3) any non–peer-reviewed gray literature, and (4) studies discussing fracture other than ceramic material. Results: From the initial search strategy, 101 studies were retrieved from different databases. A total of 3 studies were scrutinized through other resources. Following duplicate removal (n = 24), 80 studies were screened for the title and abstract. Moreover (n = 49) studies were shortlisted for full text and review. Following review and discussion in the final result, only 26 studies were included. Conclusions: Many improvements in the material, its fabrication process, and surface treatments can reduce the incidence of fracture within the material.

scholarly journals Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Grzegocka ◽  
Paweł Krzyściak ◽  
Anna Hille-Padalis ◽  
Jolanta E. Loster ◽  
Katarzyna Talaga-Ćwiertnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Oral Candidosis ◽  
Conventional Brackets ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Conventional brackets are often used during orthodontic therapy of patients with malocclusion. The complex construction of such brackets greatly inhibits oral hygiene, which predisposes to increased carriage of microbiota. Orthodontic brackets could act as reservoir of yeast and predispose to oral candidosis. The aim of this study was to assess Candida prevalence and the role of oral hygiene during fixed appliance therapy. A further aim was to characterize the isolated yeasts according to their ability to form biofilms. Methods Seventeen participants (average age 17 ± 7 years) were monitored by taking oral rinses and elastomeric ligature samples, and by evaluating the approximal plaque index (API) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) before and after placement of the orthodontic conventional brackets for 12 weeks. Isolated yeasts were counted and biofilm formation was evaluated. Results One hundred and sixteen samples (67 oral rinses and 49 orthodontic elastomers) were collected. Ten patients (58.8% subjects) were Candida-carriers (two were colonized after bracket placement) and C. albicans was the most common species. The average number of yeasts in the oral cavity showed some fluctuation during the study, but in general had an upward trend (adj. R2 = 0.7967, p = 0.07025). A correlation was found between median number of yeasts and the periodontal indices (API, GBI). The average API values decreased in the Candida-carriers (adj. R2 = 0.95; p = 0.01709), while average GBI values increased in the noncarriers (adj. R2 = 0.92; p = 0.0256). Conclusions Treatment with orthodontic appliances promotes Candida yeast colonization, which is variable over time in terms of strain and species, with dominance of C. albicans, and without increased biofilm-forming activity. The API value decreases over time in carriers, and the GBI value increases in uncolonized patients, which may have predictive significance for the development of oral candidiasis during orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Non-medical prescribing in primary care in the United Kingdom: an overview of the current literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 352-361
Author(s):  
Amanda Armstrong ◽  
Andrea Manfrin ◽  
Josephine Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
English Language ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Organisational Support ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
The Uk

Background: Non-medical prescribers (NMPs) are perceived as a complement to busy general practice in primary care. Aim: To conduct an overview of the literature available on the role and impact of non-medical prescribing (NMP) on primary care patients. Method: The search was conducted using multiple databases to find articles published between January 2015-January 2021. Inclusion criteria: NMPs in primary care in the United Kingdom, written in English language. Exclusion criteria: research conducted in secondary care or outside the UK. Findings: 285 studies were identified; 15 were eligible for critical appraisal. Key themes were: NMP's positive perceptions were autonomy, job satisfaction and colleague support; negative perceptions included risk, lack of continuous professional development (CPD), organisational support. Conclusion: By reviewing the perceptions of NMPs in primary care, organisations can ensure when employing new NMPs that the adequate CPD and support is in place. Thereby reducing NMPs concerns about the ligation risk of prescribing.

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