scholarly journals The Effect of Orthodontic Therapy on Periodontal Health: A Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah Alfuriji ◽  
Nora Alhazmi ◽  
Nasir Alhamlan ◽  
Ali Al-Ehaideb ◽  
Moatazbellah Alruwaithi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy

Objectives.This review aims to evaluate the effect of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health.Data.Original articles that reported on the effect of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health were included. The reference lists of potentially relevant review articles were also sought.Sources.A literature search was conducted using the databases, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for relevant studies. The search was carried out by using a combined text and the MeSH search strategies: using the key words in different combinations: “periodontal disease,” “orthodontics” and “root resorption.” This was supplemented by hand-searching in peer-reviewed journals and cross-referenced with the articles accessed. Articles published only in English language were included. Letters to the Editor, historical reviews and unpublished articles were not sought.Conclusions.Within the limitations of the present literature review, it was observed that there is a very close inter-relationship between the periodontal health and the outcome of orthodontic therapy.

scholarly journals Safety and efficiency of therapy by gene-engineering-biological preparations of rheumatoid arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
E. A. Strel’tsov
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gene Engineering

In this review of the literature, questions of the efficacy and safety of therapy with genetically engineered biological preparations for rheumatoid arthritis are discussed. The results of randomized trials of recent years are described in detail. Systematic literature search was conducted on the databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, elibrary and others.

scholarly journals The Effect of Trans Fatty Acids on Human Health: Regulation and Consumption Patterns

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2452
Author(s):  
Davit Pipoyan ◽  
Stella Stepanyan ◽  
Seda Stepanyan ◽  
Meline Beglaryan ◽  
Lara Costantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Harmful Effects

Health effects of trans fatty acids (TFAs) on human organisms can vary according to their type, structure, composition, and origin. Even though the adverse health effects of industrial TFAs (iTFAs) have been widely discussed, the health effects of natural TFAs (nTFAs) are still questionable. Hence, it is important to review the literature and provide an overall picture on the health effects of different TFAs coming from industrial and ruminant sources, underlining those types that have adverse health effects as well as suggesting methods for reducing their harmful effects. Multiple databases (PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, etc.) were searched with the key words “trans fatty acid sources”, “ruminant”, “industrial”, “conjugated trans linoleic acid”, “human”, “coronary heart disease”, “cancer”, etc. Reference lists of the studies were scanned discussing the health effects of iTFAs and nTFAs. The review of the literature showed that iTFAs are found to be more harmful than ruminant-produced nTFAs. Although several beneficial effects (such as reduced risk of diabetes) for nTFAs have been observed, they should be used with caution. Since during labeling it is usually not mentioned whether the TFAs contained in food are of industrial or natural origin, the general suggestion is to reduce their consumption.

scholarly journals Head-Mounted Display Use in Surgery: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafa Rahman ◽  
Matthew E. Wood ◽  
Long Qian ◽  
Carrie L. Price ◽  
Alex A. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Image Guidance ◽  
English Language ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Google Glass ◽  
Surgical Specialty ◽  
The Real ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Real Environment

Purpose. We analyzed the literature to determine (1) the surgically relevant applications for which head-mounted display (HMD) use is reported; (2) the types of HMD most commonly reported; and (3) the surgical specialties in which HMD use is reported. Methods. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched through August 27, 2017, for publications describing HMD use during surgically relevant applications. We identified 120 relevant English-language, non-opinion publications for inclusion. HMD types were categorized as “heads-up” (nontransparent HMD display and direct visualization of the real environment), “see-through” (visualization of the HMD display overlaid on the real environment), or “non–see-through” (visualization of only the nontransparent HMD display). Results. HMDs were used for image guidance and augmented reality (70 publications), data display (63 publications), communication (34 publications), and education/training (18 publications). See-through HMDs were described in 55 publications, heads-up HMDs in 41 publications, and non–see-through HMDs in 27 publications. Google Glass, a see-through HMD, was the most frequently used model, reported in 32 publications. The specialties with the highest frequency of published HMD use were urology (20 publications), neurosurgery (17 publications), and unspecified surgical specialty (20 publications). Conclusion. Image guidance and augmented reality were the most commonly reported applications for which HMDs were used. See-through HMDs were the most commonly reported type used in surgically relevant applications. Urology and neurosurgery were the specialties with greatest published HMD use.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Genetic Influences on Coping

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra H. Dunn ◽  
Yvette P. Conley
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
English Language ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Candidate Gene Association ◽  
Stress Coping Strategies ◽  
Receptor Beta

Coping refers to the way that an individual manages stress. Coping strategies vary; for example, problem-focused coping is directed at reducing or removing a stressor, while emotion-focused coping is directed more at managing reactions that accompany the stressor. How individuals cope with stress can impact their health, but the physiological effects of coping are not well understood. The field of genetics provides tools that could help illuminate the physiology of coping. This review of the literature was conducted to determine what is currently known about the phenotype of coping from a genetic perspective. PubMed, HubMed, PsychInfo, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were used to conduct the search, and reference lists were reviewed to identify additional publications. Only studies that measured coping style or a coping domain specifically, were written in English language, and were human-subject focused were included in the review. We identified 19 studies that met these criteria, and 2 types of genetic studies emerged for the review: heritability ( n = 9) and candidate gene association ( n = 10) studies. Heritability estimates of .68–.76 support a nonadditive genetic component to coping. Replication of association was found for the serotonin transporter and adrenergic receptor beta 2 genes. In addition to finding evidence supporting a role for genetic variability with coping phenotype, it is worth noting that the review revealed a lack of consistency in instruments used to phenotype coping across studies.

scholarly journals A scoping review of the Clinical Frailty Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Church ◽  
Emily Rogers ◽  
Kenneth Rockwood ◽  
Olga Theou
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
And Function ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search ◽  
Frailty Score

Abstract Background Frailty is increasingly recognized as an important construct which has health implications for older adults. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a judgement-based frailty tool that evaluates specific domains including comorbidity, function, and cognition to generate a frailty score ranging from 1 (very fit) to 9 (terminally ill). The aim of this scoping review is to identify and document the nature and extent of research evidence related to the CFS. Methods We performed a comprehensive literature search to identify original studies that used the Clinical Frailty Scale. Medline OVID, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and Embase were searched from January 2005 to March 2017. Articles were screened by two independent reviewers. Data extracted included publication date, setting, demographics, purpose of CFS assessment, and outcomes associated with CFS score. Results Our search yielded 1688 articles of which 183 studies were included. Overall, 62% of studies were conducted after 2015 and 63% of the studies measured the CFS in hospitalized patients. The association of the CFS with an outcome was examined 526 times; CFS was predictive in 74% of the cases. Mortality was the most common outcome examined with CFS being predictive 87% of the time. CFS was associated with comorbidity 73% of the time, complications 100%, length of stay 75%, falls 71%, cognition 94%, and function 91%. The CFS was associated with other frailty scores 94% of the time. Conclusions This scoping review revealed that the CFS has been widely used in multiple settings. The association of CFS score with clinical outcomes highlights its utility in the care of the aging population.

scholarly journals Endoscopic Treatment of Obesity

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Swidnicka-Siergiejko ◽  
Eugeniusz Wróblewski ◽  
Andrzej Dabrowski
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
English Language ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Bridge To Surgery ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Endoscopic Methods ◽  
Malabsorptive Procedures

BACKGROUND: The increasing incidence of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents will be reflected by the imminent increase in the number of obese patients who require more definitive methods of treatment. There is great interest in new, safe, simple, nonsurgical procedures for weight loss.OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of new endoscopic methods for the treatment of obesity.METHODS: An English-language literature search on endoscopic interventions, endoscopically placed devices and patient safety was performed in the MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases.RESULTS: The literature search yielded the following weight loss methods: space-occupying devices (widely used), gastric capacity reduction, modifying gastric motor function and malabsorptive procedures. A commercially available intragastric balloon was the most commonly used device for weight loss. In specific subgroups of patients, it improved quality of life, decreased comorbidities and served as a bridge to surgery. More evidence regarding the potential benefits and safety of other commercially available intragastric balloons is needed to clarify whether they are superior to the most commonly used one. Moreover, early experiences with transoral gastroplasty, the duodenaljejunal bypass sleeve and an adjustable, totally implantable intragastric prosthesis, indicate that they may be viable options for obesity treatment. Other agents, such as botulinum toxin and a device known as the ‘butterfly’, are currently at the experimental stage.CONCLUSION: New endoscopic methods for weight loss may be valuable in the treatment of obesity; however, more clinical experience and technical improvements are necessary before implementing their widespread use.

Color Stability and Translucency of Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic-Network Materials—A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1865-1872
Author(s):  
Nawaf Labban
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Stability Assessment ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Restorative Materials

This systematic review aimed to compile information and report the color stability and translucency of polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) materials for suitable clinical applications in dentistry. Original peer-reviewed articles in electronic databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant papers published between January 2013 and August 2020. The published papers were only in the English language and limited to in vitro studies, and experimental reports were considered. The data from nine studies were considered when reviewing the color stability and translucency of PICN in comparison to other commonly used restorative materials. Among the included studies, color stability assessment was performed in five studies, and the other four studies were involved in the combined assessment of both color stability and translucency. PICN materials are a comparatively newer class of restorative materials and are recommended to overcome the drawbacks of ceramics and resin composites. The outcomes of previous laboratory studies still do not provide convincing results regarding the optical properties of PICN materials. However, with existing sources and evidence, PICN materials exhibit less color stability than ceramics do but better color stability compared to that of resin nanoceramics (RNC) and resin composites. The translucency of PICN materials is low compared to that of ceramics, nanoceramics, and resin composites.

Combined Effects of tDCS and Language/Cognitive Intervention on the Naming of Dementia Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haewon BYEON
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients

Background: The evidence of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatment effects on dementia is still insufficient. This study aimed to prove the scientific basis of tDCS by conducting a meta-analysis of previous studies that examined the effects of tDCS on the naming of patients with dementia. Methods: The literature search was conducted for publications published from Jan 2000 to Jun 2019 using four academic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library). This study found 129 publications by searching academic databases according to the PRISMA protocol. Among them, irrelevant studies were excluded, and finally, 4 studies were meta-analyzed. Results: The score of the quality assessment on five studies ranged from 21 to 26 points, rated good or better. Meta-analysis results, tDCS had no significant effect on the improvement of naming ability of dementia. On the other hand, the effect size of the tDCS intervention + language/cognitive training was significant ‘large effect (SMD=0.72, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.39)’. Conclusion: This combination of tDCS and language/cognitive training significantly improved the naming ability of dementia patients.

scholarly journals Orthodontic Fixed Appliance and Periodontal Status: An Updated Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 614-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Cerroni ◽  
Guido Pasquantonio ◽  
Roberta Condò ◽  
Loredana Cerroni
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
English Language ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Orthodontic Therapy ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Background: Periodontal implications of orthodontic therapy are frequent, gingival and periodontal conditions need to be evaluated for every appointment. Several studies have analyzed the effects of fixed appliance on periodontal health. Objective: To evaluate whether there is updated scientific evidence on the relationship between fixed orthodontic therapy and periodontal health. Methods: A literature search was performed using the Pubmed and Cochrane databases and manual search; the search was carried out using the keywords “orthodontic” and “periodontal”. Articles published only in the English language from January 1997 to April 2017 were included. The inclusion criteria were: RCTs, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and case-control studies only in English language; only studies on humans, with a minimum sample size of 20 patients and no restriction in terms of patient ages; orthodontic fixed appliances placed into the buccal tooth surface; standardization and training in oral hygiene; Periodontal Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), at least at baseline (before appliance was placed) and after follow up (with a minimum period of 3 months). The exclusion criteria were as follows: absence of baseline data before fixed appliances was placed; patients with systemic diseases, periodontal disease or craniofacial anomalies; removable appliances or orthodontic appliance on the lingual dental surface; and no standardization or training in oral hygiene. Studies were selected by abstract and title; then, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria were evaluated and classified as having low, moderate or high methodology quality. Results: Fifty-five records were reviewed on the basis of title and abstract. After full-text reading, 47 full texts were excluded, and 3 articles were classified as having low methodological quality and 5 as having moderate methodological quality. Conclusions: The present systematic analysis suggests that there is moderate scientific evidence that a fixed appliance influences periodontal status; no article reported a high score.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Topical 5% Acyclovir-1% Hydrocortisone Cream (ME-609) for Treatment of Herpes Labialis: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2 suppl) ◽  
pp. 1415-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA INÊS DA ROSA ◽  
SUÉLI L. SOUZA ◽  
BRUNA F. DE FARIAS ◽  
PATRÍCIA D.S. PIRES ◽  
EDUARDO R. DONDOSSOLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Reference Lists ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Herpes Labialis ◽  
Central Register

We performed a systematic review with the objective of verifying the efficacy of topical use 5% Acyclovir-1% Hydrocortisone cream compared to the placebo group for herpes simplex labialis treatment. We performed a literature search using MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS, LILACS, Scopus, Grey literature, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the ISI Web of Science and IBECS from 1990 to June 2014. We reported the outcomes using relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals. The literature search yielded 180 potentially relevant publications. Reviews of the reference lists yielded two further citations. Among these papers, two were considered eligible for inclusion in this review. Both trials included 1,213 patients. A meta-analysis of these studies showed a RR = 0.77, (95% CI 0.70-0.86; p<0.001).This result suggests that an early episodic treatment with the combination of an antiviral and a steroid is beneficial for herpes simplex labialis treatment.

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