Microbial Biosurfactants-an Ecofriendly Boon to Industries for Green Revolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-183
Author(s):  
Pushpinder Sharma ◽  
Nivedita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Metal Removal ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Environmental Cleanup ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Potential Applications

Biosurfactants have a biological origin, and are widely known as surface active agents. Different classes of biosurfactant have significant importance in both the biotechnological and microbiological arena. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Candida sp. are important classes of microorganisms that are highly investigated for the production of rhamnolipids (RLs) biosurfactants. Rhamnolipids have unique surface activity and have gained interest in various industrial applications. Due to their high biodegradability, renewability and functionally maintenance at extreme conditions, microbial biosurfactants are more advantageous than chemical-based biosurfactants. Biosurfactants produced by microorganisms are a potential candidate for biodegradation, environmental cleanup of pollutants and also play a role in the heavy metal removal of metallurgical industries also many patents have been filed. Therefore, greater attention has been paid to biosurfactants and identifying their potential applications for further studies.

scholarly journals Genomic analysis of Bacillus cereus NWUAB01 and its heavy metal removal from polluted soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayansina Segun Ayangbenro ◽  
Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Biosurfactant Production ◽  
Screening Methods

AbstractMicroorganisms that display unique biotechnological characteristics are usually selected for industrial applications. Bacillus cereus NWUAB01 was isolated from a mining soil and its heavy metal resistance was determined on Luria–Bertani agar. The biosurfactant production was determined by screening methods such as drop collapse, emulsification and surface tension measurement. The biosurfactant produced was evaluated for metal removal (100 mg/L of each metal) from contaminated soil. The genome of the organism was sequenced using Illumina Miseq platform. Strain NWUAB01 tolerated 200 mg/L of Cd and Cr, and was also tolerant to 1000 mg/L of Pb. The biosurfactant was characterised as a lipopeptide with a metal-complexing property. The biosurfactant had a surface tension of 39.5 mN/m with metal removal efficiency of 69%, 54% and 43% for Pb, Cd and Cr respectively. The genome revealed genes responsible for metal transport/resistance and biosynthetic gene clusters involved in the synthesis of various secondary metabolites. Putative genes for transport/resistance to cadmium, chromium, copper, arsenic, lead and zinc were present in the genome. Genes responsible for biopolymer synthesis were also present in the genome. This study highlights biosurfactant production and heavy metal removal of strain NWUAB01 that can be harnessed for biotechnological applications.

Aluminosilicate-based adsorbent in equimolar and non-equimolar binary-component heavy metal removal systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 2166-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Xu ◽  
Pejman Hadi ◽  
Chao Ning ◽  
John Barford ◽  
Kyoung Jin An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Component System ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Adsorption Sites

Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are toxic heavy metals commonly used in various industries. The simultaneous presence of these metals in wastewater amplifies the toxicity of wastewater and the complexity of the treatment process. This study has investigated the selective behavior of an aluminosilicate-based mesoporous adsorbent. It has been demonstrated that when equimolar quantities of the metals are present in wastewater, the adsorbent uptakes the Pb2+ ions selectively. This has been attributed to the higher electronegativity value of Pb2+ compared to Cd2+ which can be more readily adsorbed on the adsorbent surface, displacing the Cd2+ ions. The selectivity can be advantageous when the objective is the separation and reuse of the metals besides wastewater treatment. In non-equimolar solutions, a complete selectivity can be observed up to a threshold Pb2+ molar ratio of 30%. Below this threshold value, the Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions are uptaken simultaneously due to the abundance of Cd2+ ions and the availability of adsorption sites at very low Pb2+ molar ratios. Moreover, the total adsorption capacities of the adsorbent for the multi-component system have been shown to be in the same range as the single-component system for each metal ion which can be of high value for industrial applications.

Preparation and Metal Removal from Chitosan/PEG Blend

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
Kitsakorn Locharoenrat
Keyword(s):  
Metal Binding ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Blend Film ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Composition Ratios ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation ◽  
Removal System

Recently the removal of trace element using biodegradable polymers is important. This paper involves the preparation and evaluation of chitosan/ polyethylene glycol blend served as a heavy metal removal system. The author has prepared the various blending system with different composition ratios and different crosslinking density. Experimental results indicate that the swelling degree and thermal property of the blend film are correlated with blend ratio and crosslink density. The blend film is then investigated its metal-binding performance. Copper sorption capacity is one of major potential applications in a field of wastewater treatment.

Adsorption of Copper (II) from Aqueous Solution Using Tea (Camellia sinensis) Leaf Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Hafizah Binti Naihi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Tea Waste

The extensive use of heavy metals such as copper in various industries has discharged a large amount of the metals into the environment which is toxic at higher concentrations. The use of low-cost agricultural waste of biological origin such as tea waste may be an economic solution to this problem. Tea waste is among the potential material to be developed as an adsorbent for heavy metal ions. Tea waste contains cellulose and lignin which have been reported having an excellent metal binding capacity. This study aims to use tea waste for the removal of Cu2+ ions. The effect of variation in different parameters like initial concentration of Cu2+ ions in solution, adsorbent dosage and contact time were investigated using batch adsorption method. The adsorbent, tea waste was characterized using a compound microscope and FTIR spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that the maximum removal of the copper ion by tea waste at optimum condition (pH 7, 60 min. contact time, 0.8 g adsorbent dose and 0.7 M concentration) is 74%. The adsorbent prepared from tea waste is efficient and it can be conveniently employed as a low-cost alternative in the treatment of wastewater for heavy metal removal.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Adsorption Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for Water Purification: A Critical Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7500
Author(s):  
Christos Liosis ◽  
Athina Papadopoulou ◽  
Evangelos Karvelas ◽  
Theodoros E. Karakasidis ◽  
Ioannis E. Sarris
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles

Research on contamination of groundwater and drinking water is of major importance. Due to the rapid and significant progress in the last decade in nanotechnology and its potential applications to water purification, such as adsorption of heavy metal ion from contaminated water, a wide number of articles have been published. An evaluating frame of the main findings of recent research on heavy metal removal using magnetic nanoparticles, with emphasis on water quality and method applicability, is presented. A large number of articles have been studied with a focus on the synthesis and characterization procedures for bare and modified magnetic nanoparticles as well as on their adsorption capacity and the corresponding desorption process of the methods are presented. The present review analysis shows that the experimental procedures demonstrate high adsorption capacity for pollutants from aquatic solutions. Moreover, reuse of the employed nanoparticles up to five times leads to an efficiency up to 90%. We must mention also that in some rare occasions, nanoparticles have been reused up to 22 times.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON APPLICATION OF YEAST IN HEAVY METAL REMOVAL FROM POLLUTED WATER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Stonkutė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Both surface and groundwater can be contaminated with a variety of chemicals, making it dangerous to use water for domestic usage. Water can be contaminated with heavy metals (HM), petroleum products, detergents, radioactive isotopes, mineral or organic fertilizers. Copper, cadmium and lead are some of the most commonly emitted heavy metals from various industries. Adsorption is considered to be one of the alternative methods of treatment of wastewater contaminated with heavy metals. The use of adsorbents of biological origin for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater is a promising method due to the low costs, rapid biodegradation and easy availability of adsorbents.

Industrial applications of new sulphur biotechnology

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J.H. Janssen ◽  
R. Ruitenberg ◽  
C.J.N. Buisman
Keyword(s):  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Sulphur Cycle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments

The emission of sulphur compounds into the environment is undesirable because of their acidifying characteristics. The processing of sulphidic ores, oil refining and sulphuric acid production are major sources of SO2 emissions. Hydrogen sulphide is emitted into the environment as dissolved sulphide in wastewater or as H2S in natural gas, biogas, syngas or refinery gases. Waste streams containing sulphate are generated by many industries, including mining, metallurgical, pulp and paper and petrochemical industries. Applying process technologies that rely on the biological sulphur cycle can prevent environmental pollution. In nature sulphur compounds may cycle through a series of oxidation states (-2, 0, +2, +4, +6). Bacteria of a wide range of genera gain metabolic energy from either oxidising or reducing sulphur compounds. Paques B.V. develops and constructs reactor systems to remove sulphur compounds from aqueous and gaseous streams by utilising naturally occurring bacteria from the sulphur cycle. Due to the presence of sulphide, heavy metal removal is also achieved with very high removal efficiencies. Ten years of extensive laboratory and pilot plant research has, to date, resulted in the construction of over 30 full-scale installations. This paper presents key processes from the sulphur cycle and discusses recent developments about their application in industry.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Some Soil Fungi to the Content of Deep Cycle Battery and Their Bioremediation Potential

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
S. I. Douglas ◽  
C. U. Wellington ◽  
T. G. Sokari
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
State University ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Aims: The purpose of this study was to isolate and screen soil fungi that are able to tolerate the contents of spent deep cycle battery (inverter), and to test for their bioremediation potential. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Microbiology, Rivers State University, between June 2019 and February 2020. Methodology: Soil samples were collected from a mechanic village while spent inverter batteries were obtained from a waste vendor. The battery was forced open to extract its contents of the battery. Using standard microbiological techniques, fungi were enumerated and characterized. Stock solution of the battery content was prepared by dissolving the inverter battery content in sterile deionized water. This stock solution was used to carry out the screening test on the fungal isolates to ascertain the fungi that can tolerate the contents of the spent battery. Results: Total heterotrophic fungal counts for the polluted and unpolluted soil were 6.0 x 103 cfu/g and 7.5 x 104cfu/g respectively. The fungal isolates identified from the polluted soil samples were members of the genera Rhizopus, Mucor, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Candida, while, the isolates identified from the unpolluted soil sample includes: Candida sp, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Mucor sp, Yeast, Fusarium sp and Aspergillus sp. After the screening, total heterotrophic fungal counts for the soil ranged from 1.0 x 102cfu/g to 9.5 x 102cfu/g. Two fungi of the genera: Rhizopus and Mucor had the highest counts during 72 hours of incubation for the screening test. The results obtained from this study indicated that species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Candida were the most inhibited by the contents of the spent battery while Rhizopus and Mucor spp were more tolerant to the contents of the inverter. Rhizopus and Mucor spp were therefore, adopted in the bioremediation of soil contaminated with contents from the battery. It was observed that Rhizopus and Mucor spp in a consortium had the highest percentage of heavy metal removal (or uptake) in the following order: Cadmium (66.66%) > Lead (38.15%) > Zinc (26.83%) > Nickel (20.83). Conclusion: These organisms can be used in the bioremediation of soil polluted with metals from spent deep cycle batteries.

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