scholarly journals A Numerical Investigation of a Novel Hood Design for Pedestrian Protection

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 872-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Huang ◽  
Zhiying Liu ◽  
Yongcheng Long
Keyword(s):  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Pedestrian Protection ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Pedestrian Accident ◽  
Hinge Plate ◽  
New Material ◽  
Rib Structure ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Energy Absorbing

Currently the use of new materials is becoming even more prevalent in vehicle industry for the lightweight design purpose. The design of engine hood is very important for pedestrian’s safety during a vehicle-pedestrian accident. In order to improve the pedestrian protection performance of the new material engine hood, the radial stiffening rib structure and trapezium sandwich structure engine hoods were proposed in this paper. And an energy-absorbing structure has been designed on the strengthening hinge plate to reduce the pedestrian head injury further more. The simulation results indicate that with new structures, the new material engine hoods have more uniform rigidity and better energy absorbing ability, which would effectively reduce the engine hood intrusion and pedestrian head injuries.

Parameters Optimization of PVB Laminated Glass Based on Pedestrian Head Protection

2015 ◽  
Vol 741 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Na Yang ◽  
Gui Fan Zhao ◽  
Jian Feng Wang ◽  
Da Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Head Injuries ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Laminated Glass ◽  
Pedestrian Protection ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Head Protection ◽  
Pedestrian Accident ◽  
Head Injury Criteria ◽  
Adaptive Response Surface Method

In order to research the influence of the parameters of laminated windshield glass to pedestrian head injuries in vehicle-pedestrian accident, the adaptive response surface method (RSM) was utilized to optimize the key parameters of the laminated glass i.e. the elastic modulus, yield strength, density and the glass thickness, in which the pedestrian head injury criteria (HIC) and glass crack radius were setting as the objective function. A set of glass parameters was obtained which was the most beneficial to the pedestrian protection. The optimization may provide theory basis for the design and research of PVB laminated windshield.

Materials technology: Innovations and progress

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Lucy Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
New Material ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Novel Applications

Materials technology is a constantly evolving discipline, with new materials leading to novel applications. For example, new material properties arise from combining different materials into composites. Researching materials can help solve societal challenges, with the creation of innovative materials resulting in breakthroughs in overcoming hurdles facing humankind, including energy challenges and medical problems. Innovative materials breathe new life into industries and spur on scientific and technological discovery.

scholarly journals Lightweight design and crash analysis of composite frontal impact energy absorbing structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovan Obradovic ◽  
Simonetta Boria ◽  
Giovanni Belingardi
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Lightweight Design ◽  
Crash Analysis ◽  
Frontal Impact ◽  
Energy Absorbing

Impact Simulation of a Crashworthy Composite Fuselage Section with Energy-Absorbing Floor

2014 ◽  
Vol 529 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Hai Bo Luo ◽  
Ying Yan ◽  
Xiang Ji Meng ◽  
Tao Tao Zhang ◽  
Zu Dian Liang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Impact Simulation ◽  
Average Acceleration ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Energy Absorbing

A 7.8m/s vertical drop simulate of a full composite fuselage section was conducted with energy-absorbing floor to evaluate the crashworthiness features of the fuselage section and to predict its dynamic response to dummies in future. The 1.52m diameter fuselage section consists of a high strength upper fuselage frame, one stiff structural floor and an energy-absorbing subfloor constructed of Rohacell foam blocks. The experimental data from literature [6] were analyzed and correlated with predictions from an impact simulation developed using the nonlinear explicit transient dynamic computer code MSC.Dytran. The simulated average acceleration did not exceed 13g, by contrast with experimental results, whose relative error is less than 11%. The numerical simulation results agree with experiments well.

scholarly journals New Developments in the History of East Uighur Manichaeism

Open Theology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Moriyasu
Keyword(s):  
French Translation ◽  
New Materials ◽  
New Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Material ◽  
Middle Persian

AbstractMost of the materials on the history of Manichaeism during the time of the East Uighur empire are Chinese sources (Chinese works and the Karabalgasun inscription) which are well known on account of its French translation with detailed notes by Chavannes and Pelliot (1911-1913). Thereafter several new materials in Middle Iranian or in Old Uighur have been published as follows: T II D 135, a colophon in Middle Persian; M 1, a colophon of the Mahrnāmag (Hymn-Book); U 1 (= T II K Bündel Nr. D 173), a fragment of an Uighur historical book about Old Turkic peoples; U 72 and U 73, an Uighur Account of Mouyu Qaγan’s Conversion to Manichaeism; U 168 II (= T II D 173 a2), the colophon of a prayer appended to a Uighur Manichaean scripture in 795. Also just recently Peter Zieme has discovered new material: 81TB10: 06-3a. I have tried to reconstruct the history of Manichaeism during the time of the East Uighur empire synthesizing all materials mentioned above.

Effects of Cont Rail Joint Type on Bus Rollover Crashworthiness

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
Han Chi Hong ◽  
Hong Wu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Joint Structure ◽  
Calculation Technique ◽  
Adams Software ◽  
Residual Space ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Ece R66 ◽  
Energy Absorbing

Three finite element models of bus with difference types of cant rail joint were developed and the rollover crashworthiness of buses was simulated by LS_DYNA according to ECE R66. The calculation technique was validated by the tests of three separate specimens, which were extracted from the bus superstructure. The velocity of bus just before impact for rollover, were calculated using ADAMS software and then used as initial condition for the LS_DYNA analysis. No intrusion was found in the residual space of three bus models during rollover test simulation. The energy absorbing capacity and distortion configuration were investigated. The simulation results shown that the cont rail joint structure played an important part in energy absorbing during bus rollover accident, and would contribute to some design guidelines for bus rollover crashworthiness.

Evaluation Program for New Industrial Gas Turbine Materials

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-710
Author(s):  
Ch. Just ◽  
C. J. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Evaluation Program ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
New Material ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Phase Evaluation

The need for a thorough and systematic standard evaluation program for new materials for modern industrial gas turbines is shown by several examples and facts. A complete list of the data required by the designer of an industrial gas turbine is given, together with comments to some of the more important properties. A six-phase evaluation program is described which minimizes evaluation time, cost, and the risk of introducing a new material.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Dynamic Responses and Head Injuries of Standing Subway Passengers during Collisions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Peng ◽  
Tuo Xu ◽  
Lin Hou ◽  
Chaojie Fan ◽  
Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Passive Safety ◽  
Friction Coefficients ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Set Up

With the development of the subway and the pressing demand of environmentally friendly transportation, more and more people travel by subway. In recent decades, the issues about passenger passive safety on the train have received extensive attention. In this research, the head injury of a standing passenger in the subway is investigated. Three MADYMO models of the different standing passenger postures, defined as baseline scenarios, are numerically set up. HIC15values of passengers with different postures are gained by systematic parametric studies. The injury numerical simulation results of various scenarios with different friction coefficients, collision acceleration, standing angle, horizontal handrail height, and ring handrail height are analyzed. Results show that the horizontal handrail provides better protection in the three different standing passenger postures. Different friction coefficients and the standing angle have great impact on the head injuries of passengers in three different scenarios. The handrail height also has some effects on head injury of passengers with different standing postures, so it is necessary to be considered when designing the interior layout of the subway. This study may provide guidance for the safety design of the subway and some advices for standing subway passengers.

Review of Physical Properties and Preparation of Nano-Superconducting Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 816-817 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
New Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

New materials play an important part in today high and new technology.Superconducting nanomaterial has become the most vibrant in new material research due to its unique physical and chemical properties. This paper focuses on how small-size effect affects superconducting transition temperature, and summarizes the concrete preparation methods of superconducting nanomaterials, hoping to provide a reference for material researchers.

Chinese Archaeology since 1949

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
The Political ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Chinese Archaeology ◽  
The People ◽  
New Material ◽  
To Come

The second half of the twentieth century may be remembered by Chinese archaeologists as the Golden Age of their discipline. A unique combination of factors and circumstances has produced, and will probably continue to produce for a time, enormous amounts of new material for the study of Chinese prehistory and history. These factors and circumstances include a deep-rooted interest of the Chinese people in their past, not only for its own sake but also for guidance, as lesson; the introduction, in the first half of the century, of Western archaeological science; systematic, large-scale, and sustained national projects to construct roads, canals, reservoirs, and buildings throughout China; and a conscious and conscientious effort to include archaeology as an important part of the political education of the people. This sudden flood of new data—most hitherto unknown, and many unexpected and almost unimaginable—provides unprecedented opportunities for gaining new and much richer knowledge of China's past. China scholars will be busy coping with the new materials for decades to come. They should count themselves extremely lucky, for such opportunities are not likely to arise again after the present century; archaeological relics are a limited resource, even in China.

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