scholarly journals Association Between Health Symptoms and Particulate Matter from Traffic and Residential Heating − Results from RHINE III in Tartu

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihkel Pindus ◽  
Hans Orru ◽  
Marek Maasikmets ◽  
Marko Kaasik ◽  
Rain Jõgi
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Residential Heating ◽  
Reported Health

Background:Traffic and residential heating are the main sources of particulate matter (PM) in Northern Europe. Wood is widely used for residential heating and vehicle numbers are increasing. Besides traffic exhaust, studded tires produce road dust that is the main source of traffic-related PM10. Several studies have associated total PM mass with health symptoms; however there has been little research on the effects of PM from specific sources.Objective:To study the health effects resulting from traffic and local heating PM.Methods:Data on respiratory and cardiac diseases were collected within the framework of RHINE III (2011/2012) in Tartu, Estonia. Respondents’ geocoded home addresses were mapped in ArcGIS and linked with local heating-related PM2.5,traffic-related PM10and total PM2.5concentrations. Association between self-reported health and PM was assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis.Results:The annual mean modelled exposure for local heating PM2.5was 2.3 μg/m3, for traffic PM103.3 μg/m3and for all sources PM2.55.6 μg/m3. We found relationship between traffic induced PM10as well as all sources induced PM2.5with cardiac disease, OR=1.45 (95% CI 1.06−1.93) and 1.42 (95% CI 1.02−1.95), respectively. However, we did not find any significant association between residential heating induced particles and self-reported health symptoms. People with longer and better confirmed exposure period were also significantly associated with traffic induced PM10, all sources induced PM2.5and cardiac diseases.Conclusion:Traffic-related PM10and all sources induced PM2.5associated with cardiac disease; whereas residential heating induced particles did not.

Breakthrough Regenerative Cardiopoietic Stem Cells and Related Technologies in the Field of Cardiovascular Medicine – From Bench to Bedside

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Christian Homsy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Repair ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Progenitor Cells ◽  
Biotechnology Company ◽  
Cardiovascular Medicine

The scale of cardiac diseases, and in particular heart failure and acute myocardial infarction, emphasises the need for radically new approaches, such as cell therapy, to address the underlying cause of the disease, the loss of functional myocardium. Stem cell-based therapies, whether through transplanted cells or directing innate repair, may provide regenerative approaches to cardiac diseases by halting, or even reversing, the events responsible for progression of organ failure. Cardio3 BioSciences, a leading Belgian biotechnology company focused on the discovery and development of regenerative and protective therapies for the treatment of cardiac disease, was founded in this context in 2004. The company is developing a highly innovative cell therapy approach based on a platform designed to reprogramme the patient’s own stem cells into cardiac progenitor cells. The underlying rationale behind this approach is that, in order to reconstruct cardiac tissue, stem cells need to be specific to cardiac tissue. The key is therefore to provide cardiac-specific progenitor cells to the failing heart to induce cardiac repair.

scholarly journals The impact of measures to reduce ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> concentrations originating from road dust, evaluated for a street canyon in Helsinki

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 11199-11212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Stojiljkovic ◽  
Mari Kauhaniemi ◽  
Jaakko Kukkonen ◽  
Kaarle Kupiainen ◽  
Ari Karppinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Street Canyon ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Quality Measurements ◽  
Emission Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Measurements

Abstract. We have numerically evaluated how effective selected potential measures would be for reducing the impact of road dust on ambient air particulate matter (PM10). The selected measures included a reduction of the use of studded tyres on light-duty vehicles and a reduction of the use of salt or sand for traction control. We have evaluated these measures for a street canyon located in central Helsinki for four years (2007–2009 and 2014). Air quality measurements were conducted in the street canyon for two years, 2009 and 2014. Two road dust emission models, NORTRIP (NOn-exhaust Road TRaffic Induced Particle emissions) and FORE (Forecasting Of Road dust Emissions), were applied in combination with the Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM), a street canyon dispersion model, to compute the street increments of PM10 (i.e. the fraction of PM10 concentration originating from traffic emissions at the street level) within the street canyon. The predicted concentrations were compared with the air quality measurements. Both road dust emission models reproduced the seasonal variability of the PM10 concentrations fairly well but under-predicted the annual mean values. It was found that the largest reductions of concentrations could potentially be achieved by reducing the fraction of vehicles that use studded tyres. For instance, a 30 % decrease in the number of vehicles using studded tyres would result in an average decrease in the non-exhaust street increment of PM10 from 10 % to 22 %, depending on the model used and the year considered. Modelled contributions of traction sand and salt to the annual mean non-exhaust street increment of PM10 ranged from 4 % to 20 % for the traction sand and from 0.1 % to 4 % for the traction salt. The results presented here can be used to support the development of optimal strategies for reducing high springtime particulate matter concentrations originating from road dust.

scholarly journals Bottom-Up Emission Inventory and Its Spatio-Temporal Distribution from Paved Road Dust Based on Field Investigation: A Case Study of Harbin, Northeast China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Lili Li ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Zhijian Sun ◽  
Weiye Wang ◽  
Qingliang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
County Level ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Spatial Allocation ◽  
Paved Road

Road dust is one of the primary sources of particulate matter which has implications for air quality, climate and health. With the aim of characterizing the emissions, in this study, a bottom-up approach of county level emission inventory from paved road dust based on field investigation was developed. An inventory of high-resolution paved road dust (PRD) emissions by monthly and spatial allocation at 1 km × 1 km resolution in Harbin in 2016 was compiled using accessible county level, seasonal data and local parameters based on field investigation to increase temporal-spatial resolution. The results demonstrated the total PRD emissions of TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 in Harbin were 270,207 t, 54,597 t, 14,059 t, respectively. The temporal variation trends of pollutant emissions from PRD was consistent with the characteristics of precipitation, with lower emissions in winter and summer, and higher emissions in spring and autumn. The spatial allocation of emissions has a strong association with Harbin’s road network, mainly concentrating in the central urban area compared to the surrounding counties. Through scenario analysis, positive control measures were essential and effective for PRD pollution. The inventory developed in this study reflected the level of fugitive dust on paved road in Harbin, and it could reduce particulate matter pollution with the development of mitigation strategies and could comply with air quality modelling requirements, especially in the frigid region of northeastern China.

scholarly journals The Diverse Roles of TNNI3K in Cardiac Disease and Potential for Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6422
Author(s):  
Caroline Pham ◽  
Noelia Muñoz-Martín ◽  
Elisabeth M. Lodder
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cardiac Regeneration ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Supraventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Physiological Processes

In the two decades since the discovery of TNNI3K it has been implicated in multiple cardiac phenotypes and physiological processes. TNNI3K is an understudied kinase, which is mainly expressed in the heart. Human genetic variants in TNNI3K are associated with supraventricular arrhythmias, conduction disease, and cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, studies in mice implicate the gene in cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac regeneration, and recovery after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Several new papers on TNNI3K have been published since the last overview, broadening the clinical perspective of TNNI3K variants and our understanding of the underlying molecular biology. We here provide an overview of the role of TNNI3K in cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia covering both a clinical perspective and basic science advancements. In addition, we review the potential of TNNI3K as a target for clinical treatments in different cardiac diseases.

Pesticide Use and Self-Reported Health Symptoms Among Rice Farmers in Zanzibar

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa da Silva ◽  
Nadja Stadlinger ◽  
Aviti J. Mmochi ◽  
Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg ◽  
Gaetano Marrone
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Reported Health

scholarly journals Zinc and Chromium Load in Road Dust, Suspended Particulate Matter and Foliar Dust Deposits of Anand City, Gujarat

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanushree Bhattacharya ◽  
Sukalyan Chakraborty ◽  
Dhara Tuteja ◽  
Mitul Patel
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Dust Deposits

scholarly journals Insights to Heart Development and Cardiac Disease Models Using Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived 3D Organoids

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Kah Sheng Pang ◽  
Beatrice Xuan Ho ◽  
Woon-Khiong Chan ◽  
Boon-Seng Soh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Heart Development ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
Developing Heart

Medical research in the recent years has achieved significant progress due to the increasing prominence of organoid technology. Various developed tissue organoids bridge the limitations of conventional 2D cell culture and animal models by recapitulating in vivo cellular complexity. Current 3D cardiac organoid cultures have shown their utility in modelling key developmental hallmarks of heart organogenesis, but the complexity of the organ demands a more versatile model that can investigate more fundamental parameters, such as structure, organization and compartmentalization of a functioning heart. This review will cover the prominence of cardiac organoids in recent research, unpack current in vitro 3D models of the developing heart and look into the prospect of developing physiologically appropriate cardiac organoids with translational applicability. In addition, we discuss some of the limitations of existing cardiac organoid models in modelling embryonic development of the heart and manifestation of cardiac diseases.

Performance Assessment of Ensemble Learning Model for Prediction of Cardiac Disease Among Smokers Based on HRV Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
S. R. Rathod ◽  
C. Y. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Ensemble Model ◽  
Single Model ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Ensemble Machine Learning ◽  
Boosting Technique

Smoking impacts the pattern of heart rate variability (HRV); HRV therefore acts as a predictor of cardiac diseases (CD). In this study, to predict CD non-invasively among smokers, ensemble machine learning methods have been used. A single model is created based on ensemble voting classifier with a combined boosting technique to improve the accuracy of predictive model. The final ensemble model shows an accuracy of 95.20%, precision of 97.27%, sensitivity of 92.35%, specificity of 98.07%, F1 score of 0.95, AUC of 0.961, MCE of 0.0479, kappa statistics value of 0.9041, and MSE of 0.2189. The obtained accuracy by using the proposed method is the highest value achieved so far for the prediction of CD among smokers using HRV data.

N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels in children: comparison in cardiac and non-cardiac diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-504
Author(s):  
Hyun Su Kim ◽  
Hee Joung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Ventilation Support ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation Support

AbstractBackground:N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a well-known marker of cardiac disease, may be elevated in acute infections and other non-cardiac diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate NT-proBNP levels in cardiac and non-cardiac diseases and found out the patient’s clinical status that affects the NT-proBNP levels.Methods:NT-proBNP levels were measured in three groups of children: a cardiac disease group, an infectious disease group, and a non-cardiac, non-infectious disease group.Result:In total, 348 children were enrolled, including 134 patients (38.5%) with cardiac disease, 170 patients (48.9%) with infectious disease, and 44 patients (12.6%) with non-cardiac, non-infectious disease. The NT-proBNP level of the cardiac disease group (median: 548 pg/mL; range: 5–35,000 pg/mL) was significantly higher than that of the infectious disease group (median: 193 pg/mL; range: 10–35,000 pg/mL) and the non-cardiac, non-infectious disease group (median: 280 pg/mL; range: 6–35,000 pg/mL). Regarding clinical status, the NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher in patients who needed mechanical ventilation support, oxygen therapy, or inotropic medication or had a change in mental status than in other patients. However, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and mortality were not related to the NT-proBNP level.Conclusion:Among heterogeneous group of children, NT-proBNP level can be a useful marker of cardiac disease. Furthermore, the NT-proBNP levels were related to patients’ clinical deteriorations, such as shock rather than the inflammatory status of patients.

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